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Practical  ami  Easy  Method 


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FRENOii  LAI 


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NH     -    VO  .K 
E.   SUElGhl-.    &  CO. 


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STEIGER'S  French  Series. 


AHN'S 

Practical  and  Easy  Method 

OF  LEARNING  THE 

FRENCH  LANGUAGE. 

BY 

Dr.  P.  HENN. 

First  Course, 


NEW  YORK: 
E.  STEIGER  &  CO. 


N    O   T    E. 


The  excellence  of  AHN'S  Practical  and  Easy  Method  of 
Learning  the  French  Language,  both  as  a  guide  for  beginners, 
and  as  a  manual  for  teachers,  is  allowed  on  all  hands.  Still, 
there  it  not  an  edition  of  this  book  extant,  in  which  greater 
or  less  deficiencies  do  not  occur.  A  due  regard  to  the  educa- 
tional requirements  of  our  time  and  country  has  induced  the 
publisher  to  issue  this  new  edition,  containing  a  funda- 
mental Treatise  on  French  pronunciation,  com- 
plete Paradigms  of  Declensions  and  Conjugations  in  so 
far  as  they  occur  in  the  book  itself,  and  full  and  accurate 
Vocabularies  of  both  the  French  and  English  words  used 
in  the  exercises. 

For  the  convenience  of  teachers  and  private  learners,  a 
Key  to  the  Exercises  has  boon  issued. 

The  publisher  trusts  that  these  important  improvements, 
whilst  making  this  edition  of  AHN'S  Method  more  serviceable 
to  both  pupil  and  teacher,  will,  at  the  same  time,  render  the 
acquisition  of  French  a  short  and  attractive  task. 

NEW  YORK,  August  1873. 


Entered,  according  to  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1673,  by 

E.  Steiger, 

In  the  Office  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington. 


E.STHIGER,  NEW  YORK.. 
Printer  and  Klectrot.voer. 


<%si 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


A  SHORT  GUIDE  to  FRENCH  PRONUNCIATION. 

Page 

y  .     The  Alphabet vn 

2.  Vowels vm 

3.  Consonants ~sn 

4.  Same  Exceptions  and  Difficulties xv 

6.     Connection  of  Words xvj 

FIRST  PART. 
French  and  English  Exercises. 

I.     2.     Definite  Article  le,  la ". 1 

3.     4.     The  Adjective  bon,  bonne 1 

5.     6.     Possessive  Pronoun  mon,  ma ] 

7.     8.     Indefinite  Article  un,  une 2 

9.   10.     Possessive  Pronoun  ton,  ia, 2 

11.   12.     Feminine  of  Adjectives.     General  Rule:  add  e  to  tie  Masculine 2 

\3.   14.     Indicative  Present:  first  and  second  persons  singular  of  avoir 3 

15.    1G.     Indicative  Present;  first  person  plural  of  avoir 3 

17.    18.     Indicative  Present;  second  person  plural  of  avoir;  Past  Participle  with 

avoir 3 

19.   20.     Possessive  Pronouns  notre,  votre 4 

21.    22.     Personal  Pronoun  il,  clle 4 

2:'>    24.     7?t>l,ifive  Pronoun,  Nominative  qni,  Accusative  que 5 

2.~i    26.     Recapjkdaticm :  we  of  the  word  '  did ' '  for  the  Perfect  Indefinite  in  French  5 

27    28.      Demonstrative  J'ronoun  ct,  cet,  cette 6 

29.   30.      Pe"npitulation 6 

III 


—     IV     — . 

Pa* 

31.  82.  Possessive  Pronouns  continued;  sou,  sa 7 

33.  34.  Possessive  Case  of  Nouns 8 

35.  3G.  Preposition  a.  Idiom  je  pense  ;\ 8 

37.  38-  Omission  of  e  and  a  in  the  Article  le,  la,  before  a  vowel  or  silent  h; 

Adjectives  of  tfie  same  termination  in  both  genders 9 

39.  40.  Formation  of  the  Feminine  of  Nouns.  General  rule:  add  e  to  the 

Masculine -. 10 

41.  42.  Comparative  of  Adjectives.  Possessive  Pronoun  le  mien,  \a  nnenne  10 

43.  44.  Adjectives  of  the  same  termination  in  both  genders 12 

45.  46.  Demonstrative  Pronoun  celui,  celle  12 

47.  48.  Names  of  Persons;  a,  to,  at,  in 13 

49.  50.  Plural  of  the  Article,  Nouns,  and  Adjectives.  General  rule:  add  s  to 

the  Singular 14 

51.  52.  Cardinal  Numbers.  Names  of  the  montlts.  The  Impersonal  Verb  il  y  a  15 
53.  54.  Plural  of  the  Possessive  Pronouns  mon,  ma;  le  mien,  la  mienne, 

and  of  the  Personal  Pronoun  il,  elle  17 

55.  56.  Plural  of  the  Possessive  Pronouns  notre,  votre;  le  notre,  le  votre. .  18 

57.  58.  Plural  of  the  Demonstrative  Pronoun  ce,  cet,  cette 18 

59.  60.  Adjective  tout,  toute 19 

61.  62.  Use  of  de  la  and  a  la  before  Feminine  Nouns,  and  of  cle  1'  and  a  1' 

before  Masculine  or  Feminine  Nouns    beginning  with  a  vowel  or 

silent  la 20 

63.  64.  Use  of  du  and  au  before  Masculine  Nouns 21 

65.  66.  The  Plural  of  au,  a  la,  a  1'  and  of  du,  de  la,  de  1' 22 

67.  68.  Adverbs  of  Quantity  and  Number,  peu,  beaucoup  &c 23 

69.  70.  The  same  subject 24 

71.  72.  Nouns  of  Weight,  Measure,  and  Number 25 

73.  74.  Plural  of  Nouns  ending  in  eau,  eu 26 

75.  76.  Plural  of  Nouns  ending  in  al,  ail 26 

77.  78.  Partitive  Article  du,  de  la,  des;  the  use  of  chez 27 

79.  80.  The  Expressions  void,  voila.  Partitive  Article  continued 28 

81.  82.  Superlative  of  Adjectives 29 

83.  84.  Plural  of  the  Demonstrative  Pronouns  celui,  celle  and  of  celui-ci, 

celui-la 30 

85.  86.  Possessive  Pronouns  leur  and  le  leur,  Singular  and  Plural 32 

87.  88.  Ordinal  Numbers.  Days  of  the  week 32 

89.  90.  Interrogative  Pronoun  qui,  de  qui,  a  qui,  pour  qui  ?  33 

91  92.  Titles  of  respect,  monsieur  &c 35 


93.  94.  Indicative  Present  of  etre 36 

95.  96.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  etre.     Feminine  of  Adjectives  in  x.     Ad- 
verbs of  time 37 

97.  98.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  avoir 38 

99.  100.  Perfect  Indefinite  j'ai  pris 39 

101.  102.  Perfect  Indefinite  continued,  j'ai  ete;  Indefinite  Pronoun  on 40 

103.  104.  Indicative  Present  of  etre  and  avoir  used  negatively 41 

105.  106.  Adjectives  forming  their  Feminine  irregularly.     Negative  expressions  42 

107.  108.  Adjectives  forming  their  Feminine  irregularly,  continued 43 

109.  110.  Interrogative  Pronoun  quel,  asking  time,  age  &fc 44 

111.  112.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  etre  and  avoir  used  negatively.  Participles 

used  with  etre 45 

113.  114.  Compound  Tenses  used  negatively.     Negative  expressions  personne- 

ne,  rien-ne;  modes  of  expressing  past  time 46 

115.  116.  Indicative  Present  and  Compound  Tenses  used  interrogatively  and 

negatively 48 

117.  118.  Indicative  Future  of  etre  and  avoir 49 

119.  120.  Conditional  of  etre  and  avoir 50 

121.  122.  Interrog-jtive  sentences 51 

123.  124.  Indicative  Present  of  parler 52 

125.  126.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  parler 54 

127.  128.  Indicative  Future  and  Conditional  of  parler 55 

129.  130.  Recapitulatory  exercues  on  verbs  conjugated  like  parler 56 

131.  132.  The  same  subject 57 

133.  134.  Indicative  Present  of  finir 58 

135.  136.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  fiiiir: 59 

137.  138.  Indicative  Future  and  Conditional  of  finir 60 

139.  140.  Indicative  Present  of  vendre 61 

141.  142.  Exercises  on  verbs  conjugated  like  vendre 62 

143.  144.  Indicative  Imperfect  of  vendre 63 

145.  146.  Indicative  Future  and  Conditional  of  vendre ' 64 

147.  148.  Conjugation  of  verbs  like  lever,  appeler,  jeter 65 

149.  150.  Verbs  in  net  as  preferer 66 

151.  152.  Verbs  in  yer  as  employer 68 

153.  154.  Verbs  in  cer  and  ger,  as  placer,  manger 69 

155.  156.  Disjunctive  Personal  Pronouns  moi,  toi,  Ini,  elle 71 

157-  158.  Accusative  and  Dative  of  Personal  Pronouns 72 

159.  160.  The  same  subject 73 


—     VI     — 

Page 

161.   162.    Accusative  and  Dative  of  Pronouns  continued 73 

163.   164.     Order  in  which  the  Personal  Pronouns  are  placed,  when  two  of  them 

are  governed  by  the  same  verb 74. 

165.   166.     The  same  subject 75 

167.   168.      The  same  subject 76 

169.    170-      The  order  of  the  Pronouns  when  used  with  the  Imperative,  with  and 

without  the  Negative 77 

171.   172.     The  Reflective  Verb  se  laver  used  affirmatively,  negatively,  interroga- 
tively, and  negatively  and  interrogatively 78 

173.  174.     Compound  Tenses  of  Eeflective  Verbs  used  in  various  ways 80 

175.   176.     On  the  use  of  en  and  y 82 

177.   178.     On  the  use  of  en  with  Personal  Pronouns 83 

179.  180.     The  Partitive  Article  before  Adjectives 84 

181.  182.     The  same  subject 84 

SECOND   PART. 
Paradigms. 

I.     Declension 86 

II.     Conjugation 87 

THIRD   PART. 

Vocabularies. 

1.  French  and  English  Vocabulary 94 

2.  English  and  French  Vocabulary 104 


A  SHORT 

GUIDE  TO  FRENCH  PRONUNCIATION. 


I.    THE  ALPHABET. 


The  French  Alphabet  consists  of  the  following  twenty-riv 


letters: 


Names 

ah 

n  N 

bay 

o  O 

say 

pP 

day 

qQ 

eh 

r  R 

eff 

s    8 

jay  l 

t  T 

ash3 

u  U 

ee 

v  V 

jee» 

x  X 

kah 

y  Y 

ell 

z  Z 

emm 

a  A 
b  B 
c  C 
d  D 
e  E 
f  F 

h  H 
i  I 

j   J 
k  K 
1   L 
mM 

1.  Simple  vowels  are:  a,  e,  i,  o,  u,  y. 

2.  All  other  letters  are  simple  consonants. 
S.  The  following  are  compound  letters: 

Compound  vowels:  au,  eau,  ou,  eu,  oeu,  ai,  ei. 
Nasal  vowels:  an,  am,  en,  em;  in,  im,  ain,  aim: 

on,  om;  mi,  urn,  euii. 

Diphthongs:     ia,  ie,  ie,  ie,  io,  ieu.  oi,  ui.  oui. 
Nasal  diphthongs:  ian,  ien,  oin,  uin,  ion. 
Compound  consonants:  cli,  ph,  til,  qu,  gn. 


Names 

enn 

o 

pay 

err4 

ess 
tay 

-  •  3 

vay 

ix 

ee  greek 

zed 


1  j  tq  be  pronounced  like  s  in  pleasure. 

2  a  to  be  pronounced  as  in  fast. 

3  The  French  name  of  this  letter  cannot  be  represented  by  English 
letters;  it  must  be  learned  from  the  mouth  of  the  teacher. 

*  err  to  be  pronounced  as  in  ferry. 
VII 


—     VIII     — 


II.    VOWELS. 


1.  Simple  Vowels. 

Jt.  a  is  pronounced  like  a  in  fast;  a  with  the  Circumflex 
Accent  (")  has  the  sound  of  a  in  father.  A  vowel  marked 
with  the  Circumflex  Accent  is  always  long. 

a       animal       ami       aine       pate       mat 

has  animal  friend  soul  paste  mast 

2.  e  at  the  end  of  words  of  more  than  one  syllable,  is  silent. 

dame     tape     table     laraie     arbre     farine 

lady  tape  table  tear  tree  flour 

3.  e  at  the  end  of  words  of  one  syllable,  sounds  like  u  in  the 
English  word  tub;  at  the  end  of  syllables  riot  final,  it  has  really 
the  same  sound,  but  is  in  many  cases  scarcely  to  be  heard. 

le       me       te      ne      de      venir       samedi 

the  me  thee         not  of  to  come  Saturday 

4.  e  with  the  Acute  Accent  (')  is  pronounced  like  a  in  fate. 

le  ble      le  the      le  cafe     la  verite     le  de* 

the  corn  the  tea  the  coffee  the  truth      the  thimble 

#.     e  with  the  Grave  Accent  (')  is  pronounced  like/*  in  tare. 

le  pere     la  mere    le  frere    I'e'leve    la  feve 

the  father          the  mother        the  brother        the  pupil         the  beau 

6.    6  with  the  Circumflex  Accent  is  pronounced  like  e  in  there. 

la  t£te      la  fete      nie*me      eHre      la  bete 

the  head  the  feast  same  to  be  the  beast 


—     IX     — 

7.  e  without  an  accent,  at  the  beginning  and  in  the  middle  of 
syllables,  is  ordinarily  pronounced  like  the  French  e  (a  in 
tare);  in  the  final  syllables  er,  et,  ez,  however,  it  sounds  like 
the  French  e  (a  in  fate). 

elle     la  ferine      parler     le  bonnet     venez 

she  the  farm  to  speak  the  cap 


8.  i  and  i  with  the  Circumflex  Accent,  are  usually  pronounced 
like  i  in  machine,     i  is  sometimes  like  the  English  short  i,  as 
in  pin. 

midi         batir        le  mari         Tile         finir 

noon  to  build  the  husband          the  island        to  finish 

9.  o  has  for  the  most  part  nearly  the  same  sound  as  in  English ; 
it  is  usually  pronounced  like  o  in  robe;  sometimes  it  is  short 
as  in  odd;  6  with  the  Circumflex  Accent  has  always  the  sound 
of  o  in  no. 

la  mode         la  robe         le  role        le  cote 

the  fashion  the  dress  the  roll  the  side  • 

10.  u  and  u  with  the  Circumflex  Accent,  cannot  be  rendered 
by  any  corresponding  sound  in  English,  and  must  be  learned 
from  the  lips  of  the  teacher. 

la  nature        la  fortune        la  flute       mur 

(the)  nature  the  fortune  the  flute  ripe 

11.  y  when  initial,  or  when  after  a  consonant,  has  the  sound 
of  the  French  i. 

y       le  jury      la  lyre       le  type      1'hydre 

there  the  jury  the  lyre  the  type  the  hydra 

2.   Compound  Vowels. 

12.  au  and  eati  are  pronounced  like  o  in  home. 

la  faute       le  baume       beau       le  taureau 

the  fault  the  balm  beautiful  the  bull 


13.  ou  sounds  like  ou  in  soup. 

on     la  route     la  poule     la  soupe     le  sou 

or  thu  road  tho  hen  the  soup  the  cent 

H.  eu  and  oeu  sound  nearly  like  u  in  nurse;  when  followed 
by  r,  or  another  consonant  not  silent,  the  sound  is  more  open. 

le  feu     bleu     ueuf     la  couleur      la  soeur 

the  fire  blue  nine  the  color  the  sister 

lo.  ai  and  ei  are  generally  pronounced  like  ai  in  bail;  ai  at 
the  end  of  a  word,  especially  in  some  forms  of  the  verb,  is 
sounded  like  a  in  fate. 

le  inaitre      la  paire      la  baleine      j'aurai 

the  master  the  pair  the  whale  I  shall  have 

3.    Nasal  Vowels. 

16.  In  French,  11  and  m,  when  final  or  before  a  consonant, 
are  said  to  have  a  nasal  sound,  but  more  properly  speaking, 
dropping  their  own  sound,  they  only  indicate  that  the  preced- 
ing vowels  are  to  be  sounded  through  the  nose.  Thus  an.  am, 
en,  em  are  used  to  represent  the  nasal  sound  of  the  French  a, 
and  are  pronounced  like  en  in  the  Anglicized  word  encore. 
In  pronouncing  these  sounds,  care  should  be  taken  not  to  press 
the  back  of  the  tongue  against  the  palate,  as  is  done  in  pro- 
ducing the  sound  of  the  English  ng. 

When  the  m  or  11  of  these  and  similar  combinations  is 
doubled  or  followed  by  a  vowel,  there  is  no  nasal  sound. 

Fan     1'ancre     Fencre     la  lampe     Feinpire 

the  year     the  anchor  the  ink  the  lamp  the  empire 

17.  ill,  im,  aili,  aim,  ein  represent  the  nasal  sound  cor- 
responding to  the  French  i;  they  are  all  pronounced  nearly 
like  an  in  the  English  word  sang. 

le  vin    Fimpe'ratrice  le  pain   la  faim  plein 

the  win»  th«  empress  the  bread        the  hunger        full 


—     XI      — 


18.  on  and  om  represent  the  nasal  sound  corresponding  to 
French  o;  they  are  pronounced  nearly  like  on  in  song. 

on      onze      le  salon      la  bombe      rompre 

one,  they      eleven     the  drawing-room          the  bomb  to  break 


19.  un,  um,  eun  represent  the  nasal  sound  corresponding 
to  French  u;  they  are  pronounced  nearly  like  un  in  sung. 

un      chacun      brim      le  parfum      a  jeun 

a,  an  each  brown  the  perfume  fasting 


4.   Diphthongs. 

20.  In  French,  all  diphthongs  are  pronounced  by  uttering 
fully  and  distinctly  the  vowels  which  compose  them;  this  should, 
however,  be  done  by  a  single  impulse  of  the  voice.  Thus: 


ia  is  compounded  from  the  French  vowels  i  and  a 

ie 

c 

i 

i    "    e 

ie 

i 

i 

'      i    "   e 

ie 

*• 

t 

1      i    "    e 

io 

t 

i 

'      i    "   o 

leu 

i 

'      i    "   eu 

le  diable      la  partie      le  rosier      la  fievre 

the  devil                   the  part                the  rose-bush             the  fever 

la  niece     le  pied     I'amitie     la  fiole     Dieu 

the  niece             the  foot        the  friendship        the  phial             God 

21.  oi  is  pronounced  like  wa  in  was. 

ui  is  compounded  from  the  French  vowels  u  and  i. 
oui  ,          "  "  "  "       ouandi. 


moi       le  soir 

I  the  evening 


la  nuit 

the  nigtt 


luire 

to  shine 


Louise 

Louisa 


—     XII     — 

5.   Nasal  Diphthongs. 

22.  ian  is  compounded  from  the  French  vowels  i  and  an  nasal. 
ioii  "  "  "  "     i   "   on     " 
oin                          "           "  "     o  "  in     " 
uiii            "             "           "           "     u  "  in     " 
ien             "             "           "  "     i   "  en    " 

All  these  diphthongs  are  pronounced  by  uniting  the  sounds 
of  their  component  parts,  except  ien  which  is  mostly  final, 
and  sounds  like  i  and  in;  (an  in  the  English  word  sang). 

la  viande     le  lion      le  coin      niien     Juin 

the  meat  the  lion  the  corner  mine  June 

III.  CONSONANTS. 

23.  b,  d,  f,  k,  1,  m,  n,  p,  t,  z,  at  the  beginning  of  words 
or  syllables,  are  pronounced  as  in  English. 

A  final  consonant  is  generally  silent.  The  letters  c.  f,  1,  r, 
however,  when  final,  are  generally  pronounced. 

le  tapis    le  nid     le  bee    vif    le  sel    le  fer 

the  carpet          the  nest          the  beak      lively      the  salt         the  iron 

24.  c  before  a,  o,  u,  or  a  consonant,  and  at  the  end  of  syl- 
lables and  of  some  words,  is  pronounced  like  the  English  k. 
When  it  comes  before  e,  i,  and  y,  it  is  pronounced  like  s  in 
the  English   word   same.     With  the  cedilla   (c),   it  always 
sounds  like  sharp  s. 

le  canif   le  roe    ceci    le  garcon    la  facade 

the  penknife     the  rock         this  the  boy  the  front 

2o.  g  before  a,  o,  u,  and  consonants,  has  the  hard  sound  of 
g  in  go;  before  e  and  i,  it  is  pronounced  like  s  in  pleasure. 
gu  before  a,  i,  e  sounds  like  g  in  go;  the  u  has  no  sound 
whatever,  it  only  shows  that  the  g  is  hard,  ge  before  a,  o,  u, 
sounds  like  s  in  pleasure;  the  e  is  inserted  to'  show  that  the  g 
\s  soft. 

gai    la  glace    le  gilet    le  guide    le  pigeon 

gay  the  ice  the  v«st  the  guide  the  pig«ou 


—     XIII      — 

26.  h  in  French  is  said  to  be  aspirated  or  not,  but  is  never 
pronounced.     Mark  that  before  all  nouns  beginning  with  a 
vowel  or  non-aspirated  h,  the  article  is  P  (with  the  apostrophe) 
instead  of  le,  la.     With  nouns  beginning  with  h  aspirated, 
the  article  remains  unchanged. 

1'heure       le  hibou       le  lietre       la  harpe 

the  hour  the  owl  the  beech-tree  the  harp 

27.  j  is  always  pronounced  like  s  in  pleasure. 

le  jour      le  jeu      le  journal      joli     le  juge 

the  day  the  play  the  newspaper         pretty          the  judge 


28.  1  and  11,  when  preceded  by  i,  are  pronounced  like  y  con- 
sonant in  yonder  (liquid  1);  in  such  words  as  have  only  the 
vowel  i  before  the  1  or  11,  the  i  has  its  regular  sound. 

When  there  is  another  vowel  before  the  il  or  ill,  the  i  is 
always  silent,  and  the  vowel  before  it  has  its  regular  sound. 
Thus: 

eil  and  eill  are  compounded  from  e  and  1  liquid. 
ail     "    aill  "  a    "    1      " 

euil       euill          "  "•          eu "    1      " 

ouil       ouill  ou"    1      " 

Avril     la  fille     vieil     la  bouteille     le  bail 

April        the  daughter        old  the  bottle  the  lease 

la  paille     le  deuil     la  feuille     le  brouillon 

the  straw  the  rnoiirning          the  leaf  the  waste-book 


29.  s  at  the  beginning  of  words  has  the  sharp  sound  or  the 
English  s  in  same;  between  two  vowels,  it  is  pronounced  like  8 
in  rose;  ss  has  always  the  hissing  sound  of  ss  in  lesson. 

la  semaine       la  rose     la  visile       la  messe 

the  week  the  rose  the  visit  tba  mass 


—     XIV     — 


30.  x  as  in  English,  has  two  different  sounds;  in  most  worda 
beginning  with  ex,  it  sounds  like  gs;  in  others  like  ks. 

Faxe     1'excuse     1'exercice    le  luxe    exact 

the  axis         the  excuse  the  exercise  luxury  exact 


31.  y  after  a  vowel  is  to  be  considered  as  a  compound  sound 
of  two  i  (ii),  the  first  i  going  with  the  preceding  vowel,  and 
the  second  with  the  following. 

payer  (pai-ier)     aboyer      le  pays      le  rayon 

to  pay  to  bark  the  country  the  ray 


32.  ch  sounds  the  same  as  the  English  sh.  In  a  few  words, 
however,  taken  from  the  Greek,  and  when  it  comes  before  a 
consonant,  it  is  pronounced  like  k. 

la  bouehe  la  poche  le  chapeau  la  chronique 

the  mouth          the  pocket  the  hat  the  chronicle 


33.  th  is  pronounced  like  t  simply,  and  ph  like  f. 

le  the     le  theme      le  phare      le  phosphore 

the  tea  the  exercise          the  light-house  the  phosphorus 


34.  q  either  followed  by  u,  or  without  it,  is  pronounced  like 
the  English  k. 

qui      la  qualite*      quitter      cinq      Paques 

who  the  quality  to  leave  five  Easter 

35.  gn  has  a  sound  combining  that  of  the  English  11  and  y 
consonant,  like  ni  in  minion. 

la  ligne   digne   le  compagnon    I'Allemagne 

the  line          worthy  the  partner  Germany 


—      XV      — 

IV.    SOME   EXCEPTIONS    AND    DIFFICULTIES. 

36.  Mark  the  occasional  sounds  of  the  following  letters 

«  =  a  in  lafemme  iniprudeinment  differemmem 

the  wife  imprudently  differently 

cje=eu "  1'oeil      Toeillet      1'ceillere       Foeillade 

the  eye  the  pink  the  eyetooth  the  glance 

c  =  g   "  second          je   seconde         il   seconde 

second  I  second  he  seconds 

x^s    "  six        dix         soixante         Bruxelles 

six  ten  sixty  Brussels 

x  =z   "  deuxieme   dixieme   sixieme    le  sixain 

second  tenth  sixth  the  stanza 

tl  in  the  middle  of  words,  when  it  comes  before  another 
vowel,  is  very  often  pronounced  like  ce  in  cedar. 

la  nation   la  fraction  1'attention  leVenitien 

the  nation  the  fraction          the  attention  the  Venetian 

ent  final  in  The  Third  Person  Plural  of  any  French  verb, 
Is  silent. 

ils  jouent     ils  rient     ils  sautent     ils  lisent 

they  play  they  laugh  they  jump  they  read 

37.  The  Apostrophe  (')  does  not  change  the  pronunciation  of 
the  following  syllable,  and  only  denotes  the  elision  of  one  vowel 
before  another.     Thus: 


instead  of:     ice  write  and  read: 

le  ami          1'ami 

the  friend 

je  aime        j'aime 

Hove 


instead  of:  we  write  and  read: 

ce  est  c'est 

that  is 

si  il  s'il 

if  he 


38.  The  Trema  ( " )  placed  over  the  second  of  two  vowels, 
denotes  that  "they  are  to  be  pronounced  as  distinct  letters: 

1'aienl       hair        Saul        Noel         FheroVne 

the  grandfather    to  hate  Saul  Christmas  the  heroine 


—     XVI      — 

39.  In  Dividing  Words  into  Syllables,   it  may  be  proper  to 
observe  the  following  rules: 

In  French,  there  are  as  many  syllables  in  a  word,  as  theVe 
are  vowels  or  diphthongs. 

A  single  consonant  between  two  vowels,  is  joined  to  the 
kittpi 

Two  different  consonants  or  the  two  same  consonants  must 
be  separated. 

There  are  many  combinations,  however,  which  always  belong 
to  the  same  syllable;  namely:  bl,  br,  cl,  cr,  dl,  dr,  fl,  fr, ' 
gl,  gr,  pi,  pr,  tl,  tr,  vr,  ch,  ph,  th,  gii,  and,  of  course, 
all  diphthongs. 

lepere       1'armee       later  re       lemaitre 

the  father  the  army  the  earth  the  master 

la  mou  che       la  li  gne       le  fia  ere       Dieu 

the  fly  the  line  the  cab  God 

V.     CONNECTION  OF  WORDS. 

40.  In  current  reading  and  speaking,  the  last  syllable  of  a 
word  is  generally  joined  to  the  first  of  the  following,  if  that 
commences  with  a  vowel  or  non-aspirated  h.  In  this  connection, 
however,  some  letters  change  their  regular  sound,  namely: 

d  is  pronounced  like  t       I       g  is  pronounced  like  k 
sorx         "  "     Z       |       f  "  "     v 

The  t  of  et,  and  is  never  pronounced. 

grand  homme.        rang^leve.        bon  ami. 
gran-thomme.          ran-keleve'.       bo-na-mi. 

great  man.  elevated  rank.  good  fririnl. 

'Vous  etes  aimable.        il  est  six  hen  res. 
,  vou-/ete-/aimable.        i-lest    si-zlieures. 

you  are  amiable.  it  is  six  o'clock. 


FIRST  PART. 

FRENCH  AND  ENGLISH  EXERCISES 


1.  le  CmJ,  la  (f.),  the 

pere,  father  frere,  brother 

mere,  mother  sceur,  sister 

et,  and 

Le  pere,  la  mere.     Le  frerc  et  la  soeur. 

2.  The  sister  and  the  brother.     The  father  and  the  mother. 
.9.  bon  (m.),  bonne  (f.),  good 


est,  is 

Le  bon  pere,  la  bonne  mere.  Le  pere  est  bon,  la  mere 
est  bonne.  Le  bon  frere,  la  bonne  soeur.  Le  frere  est  bon,  la 
soeur  est  bonne.  Le  p6re  et  la  mere. 

4.  The  good  brother,  the  good  sister.  The  father  is  good, 
the  mother  is  good.  The  good  father,  the  good  mother.  The 
brother  is  good,  the  sister  is  good.  The  brother,  the  sister. 

«£.  mon  (m.),  ma  (f.),  my 


Mon  pere,  ma  mere.  Mon  bon  pere,  ma  bonne  m6re. 
Mon  pere  est  bon,  ma  mere  est  bonne.  Mon  frere  et  ma 
soeur.  Mon  bon  frere  ct  ma  bonne  so2ur.  Mon  frere  est  bon, 
ma  soeur  est  bonne.  Le  bon  frere  ct  la  bonne  soaur. 

6.  My  good  brother,  my  good  sister.  My  brother  is  good, 
my  sister  is  good.  My  good  father  and  my  good  mother. 
My  father  is  good,  my  mother  is  good. 


—    2    — 

7.  un  (m.),  une  (£,),  a,  or  an 

Un  pere,  une  mere,  un  frere,  une  soeur.  Tin  bon  p&re, 
une  bonne  m6re,  un  bon  frere,  une  bonne  soeur.  JJn,  pere  est 
bon,  une  m6re  est  bonne.*  Mon  pere  est  un  bon  p6re,  ma  mere 
cst  une  bonne  mere.  Mon  frere  est  un  bon  fr6re,  ma  soeur  est 
une  bonne  soaur. 

8.  A  brother  and  a  sister.     A  father  and  a  mother.    A  good 
brother,  a  good  sister.     A  good  father  and  a  good  mother. 
The  brother  and  the  sister.     My  sister  is  a  good  sister.     My 
brother  is  a  good  brother.     My  mother  is  a  good  mother.     My 
father  is  a  good  father. 

9.  ton  (m.),  ta  (f.),  thy 

a,  has;  aussi,  also 

Ton  p6re  est  bon,  ta'  m6re  est  bonne*  Ton  pe"re  a  une 
bonne  soeur,  ta  mere  a  un  bon  fr6re.  Mon  frere  est  ton  pe"re. 
Mon  pere  est  aussi  ton  pere,  et  ma  mere  est  aussi  ta  mdre. 

10.  Thy  brother,  thy  father,  thy  mother,  thy  sister.    Thy 
mother  has  a  good  father  and  a  good  sister.     My  brother  is 
•also  thy  brother.     My  sister  is  also  thy  sister.     Thy  father  has 
a  good  brother. 

11.  grand  (m.),  grande  (f.),  large,  long,  tall 
petit  (m.),  peti:e  (f.),  small,  short,  little 

le  livre,  the  book;  la  plume,  the  pen 
Lc  livre  est  bon,  la  plume  est  bonne.  Mon  livre  est  petit, 
et  ma  plume  cst  grande.  Ton  p6re  a  un  bon  livre,  ta  soeur  a 
une  bonne  plume.  Mon  fr6re  est  grand,  et  ma  soeur  est  petite. 
Ton  petit  frere  et  ta  petite  soeur.  Ta  soeur  a  ma  plume,  et 
ton  fr6re  a  mon  livre.  Ton  petit  livre  est  un  bon  livre. 

12.  My  pen  is  small;  my  book  is  large.     Thy  father  has  a 
good  pen;  thy  mother  has  a  good  book.     My  brother  is  short, 
and  my  sister  is  tall.     Thy  little  sister  is  a  good  sister.     The 
book  is  good 


13.    je,  1;          z\,  have;    j'ai,/  have;         zi-jethavel? 
tu,  thou;     as,  hast;     tu  as,  thou  hast;   as-tu? 


J'ai  un  livre  et  uue  plume.  Tu  as  un  bon  livre  et  une 
bonne  plume.  J'ai  un  bon  i'rere;  tu  as  une  bonne  sceur.  J'ai 
un  grand  livre;  mon  frere  a  aussi  un  grand  livre.  Ma  sceur  a 
une  petite  plume.  As-tu  une  soeur?  J'ai  une  so3ur  et  un 
I'rere.  As-tu  ma  plume?  J'ai  ton  livre  et  ta  plume. 

14.  Hast  thou  a  brother?  I  "have  a  brother  and  a  sister. 
I  have  a  good  father.  My  mother  has  a  little  pen.  Hast  thou 
a  large  book?  I  have  a  large  book.  Hast  thou  a  good  father? 
I  have  a  good  father  and  a  good  mother. 

13.        nous,  we;         avons,  have;         nous  avons,  we  have; 
avons-nous  ?  have  we  ? 


le  jardin,  the  garden 

Nous  avons  un  bon  pere  et  une  bonne  mere.  Nous  avons 
aussi  un  bon  frere  et  une  bonne  sreur.  Le  jardin  est  grand. 
J'ai  un  petit  jardin.  As-tu  aussi  un  jardin?  Nous  avons  un 
grand  jardin.  Mon  petit  frere  a  aussi  un  jardin.  Ma  petite 
soeur  a  un  bon  livre.  Nous  avons  un  grand  livre  et  une  petite 
plume. 

10.  We  have  a  large  garden.  I  have  a  good  book.  My  little 
brother  has  also  a  book.  The  garden  is  small.  My  mother  is 
good.  My  father  has  a  good  pen.  My  little  sister  has  a  large 
book.  We  have  a  little  garden.  We  have  a  good  brother 
and  a  good  sister. 

27.        vous,  you;        avez,  have;       vous  avez,  you  have; 
avez-vous?   have  you? 


achete',  bought;  vu,  seen 

Yous  avez  un  bon  pere  ct  une  bonne  mere.  Avez-vous 
aussi  un  bon  frere ?  J'ai  un  livre.  J'ai  achete"  un  livre.  Nous 
avons  vu  un  grand  jardin.  Avez-vous  vu  le  grand  jardin  ? 


Mon  fr6re  a  aussi  YU  un  grand  jardin.  J'ai  achet<*  une  plume. 
As-tu  achete'  une  bonne  plume?  As-tu  vu  mon  livre?  J'ai  vu 
ton  livre  et  ta  plume.  Avez-vous  vu  ma  petite  sceur?  Mon 
pere  a  achete  un  jardin.  Ta  sceur  a  achete  un  petit  livre. 
Avez-vous  vu  mon  frere?  Nous  avons  vu  ta  soeur  et  ton  frere. 

18.  Have  you  seen  my  father  ?   We  have  seen  thy  father  and 
thy  mother.     Have  you  bought  a  good  book  ?     I  have  bought 
a  book  and  a  pen.     We  have  seen  a  little  garden.     Have  you 
seen  my  little  brother?     I  have  seen  thy  little  sister.     Thy 
brother  has  bought  a  pen.     My  mother  has  bought  a  large 
garden. 

19.  notre,  our;  votre,  your 

oncle,  uncle;  tante,  aunt 

Notre  p6re  est  un  bon  pere,  et  notre  m6re  est  une  bonne 
mere.  Mon  pere  est  ton  oncle,  et  ma  mere  est  ta  tante.  Ton 
frere  a  vu  notre  mere.  J'ai  vu  votre  soeur.  Avez-vous  vu 
notre  petit  frere?  Yotre  livre  est  bon.  Yotre  frere  a  une 
bonne  plume.  Notre  pere  a  achete  un  grand  jardin.  Nous 
avons  vu  votre  oncle  et  votre  tante.  As-tu  aussi  vu  notre 
jardin? 

20.  Our  brother  is  a  good  brother,  and  our  sister  is  a  good 
sister.     Thy  father  is  my  uncle,  and  thy  mother  is  my  aunt. 
Have  you  seen  your  father  ?    Our  book  is  small.    Your  garden 
is  large.     Your  sister  has  bought  a  pen,  and  your  brother  has 
bought  a  good  book.     Have  you  seen  your  aunt  ? 

21.  il,  he,  it;  elle,  she,  it 


mais,  but;  tres,  very;   tres-bon,  very  good 

Mon  pere  est  bon;  il  a" aussi  un  bon  frere.  Ma  mere  est 
bonne;  elle  a  aussi  une  bonne  soeur.  Ton  livre  est  petit,  mais 
il  est  bon.  Avez-vous  vu  notre  jardin?  II  est  tres-grand. 
J'ai  achete*  une  plume;  elle  est  tres-bonne.  Nous  avons  vu 
votre  oncle;  il  a  achetd  un  grand  livre. 


22.  Our  mother  is  good;  she  has  also  a  good  brother.     My 
father  i.s  tall;   he  has  also  a  tall  sister.     Have  you  seen  our 
uncle?     He  has  a  large  book.     I  have  bought  a  garden;  it  is 
very  small.     Thy  pen  is  small,  but  it  is  very  good. 

23.  qui  (in.  &  f.  nom.),  who,  which,  that 
que  (m.  &  /.  ace.,),  ivhom,  which,  that 

Nous  avons  un  pere  qui  est  bon.  Yous  avez  une  mere  qui 
est  bonne.  J'ai  un  livrc  qui  est  tres-bon.  Ma  soeur  a  une 
plume  qui  est  tres-bonne.  Le  livre  que  vous  avez  achete',  est 
bon.  Le  jardin  que  nous  avons  vu,  est  tres-grand.  As-tu  vu 
le  livre  que  mon  frere  a  achete?  Le  livre  que-votre  frere  a 
achete,  est  bon,  mais  il  est  tres-petit.  J'ai  achete  aussi  un  livre, 
mais  il  est  grand.  Yotre  oncle  a  le  livre  que  vous  avez  vu. 

24.  My  uncle  has  the  book  that  you  have  bought.     Have 
you  also  bought  a  book?     I  have  seen  the  garden  which  your 
brother  has  bought.     We  have  a  mother  who  is  good.     You 
have  a  father  who  is  very  good.     The  garden  which  you  have 
bought,  is  large.    My  father,  whom  you  have  seen,  is  very  tall. 
Your  brother  has  a  pen  which  is  very  good. 

25.  le  chapeau,  the  hat,  bonnet       le  canif,  the  penknife 
la  montre,  the  watch  le  cheval.  the  horse 

un  enfant,    t     ^ 
•    une  enfant,  | 

Ou  avez-vous  trouvd  mon          Where  did  you  find  (have  yo^i 
chapeau  ?  found)  my  hat  ? 

trouve,  found         pour,  for 

perdu,  lost  ou,  where 

J'ai  un  petit  chapeau.  Ton  chapeau  est  grand.  Mon 
frere  a  une  montre.  As-tu  aussi  une  montre?  Ma  montre  est 
petite,  maig  elle  est  tres-bonne.  J'ai  perdu  un  canif.  Avez- 
vous  trouve  mon  canif?  Ma  m6re  a  achet^  un  chapeau  pour 
ma  soeur.  As-tu  vu  le  chapeau  que  ma  mere  a  achete"?  Notis 
avons  trouve'  un  livre.  Avez-vous  perdu  un  livre?  Ou  as-tu 


I  0 


achete'  ta  plume?  Notre  pere  a  achete'  un  cheval.  Yotre  oncle 
a  un  bon  cheval.  Nous  avons  vu  le  cheval  que  votre  pere  a 
achete'.  Mon  frere  est  un  enfant;  il  est  tres-petit. 

20.  My  sister  is  a  child;  she  is  very  little.  Have  you  seen  the 
horse  that  your  father  has  bought?  Your  aunt  has  lost  a 
book.  My  sister  has  found  the  penknife  which  you  have  lost. 
Where  didst  thou  find  (hast  thou  found)  my  pen  ?  Have  you 
seen  the  bonnet  which  my  mother  has  bought  for  my  sister  ? 
Where  did  you  lose  (have  you  lost)  your  hat?  Where  hast 
thou  seen  my  watch  ?  My  horse  is  very  small,  but  he  is  very 
good.  Have  you  a  large  garden  ? 

27.  ce,  cet  (m.),  cette  (f.),  this,  that 

cet  is  used  instead  of  ce  before  a  vowel  or  silent  h. 


ce  rameau,  this  branch         cet  habit,  this  coat 
cet  arbre,  this  tree  cette  fleur,  this  flower 

Ce  cheval  est  bon.  Ce  rameau  est  grand.  Ce  livre  est 
petit.  Cet  enfant  est  notre  frere.  Cette  plume  est  pour  ma 
soeur.  Cet  habit  est  pour  mon  oncle.  J'ai  trouve  un  livre. 
Ou  avez-vous  trouve'  ce  livre  ?  Ma  mere  a  achetd  ce  chapeau. 
Ton  frere  a  vu  cet  arbre.  Votre  petit  fr6re  est  un  bon  enfant. 
Ou  as-tu  achete'  cefte  fleur?  Cette  montre  est  tr6s-bonne. 
Ce  chapeau  est  pour  cet  enfant. 

28.  This  hat  is  for  my  brother.      This  tree  is  very  small. 
He  is  very  good.     Where  did  you  find  (have  you  found)  this 
penknife  ?     This  flower  is  for  my  uncle.     Thy  father  has  seen 
this  coat.     Your  aunt  has  bought  this  garden.     Have  you  lost 
your  pen?    Where  didst  thou  find  (hast  thou  found)  this  book? 
I  have  found  a  watch  which  is  very  small.     This  bonnet  is  for 
thy  sister;  she  is  good.     This  branch  is  small. 

29.  le  fils,  the  son  le  cadeau,  the  present 
la  fille,  the  daughter  la  lettre,  the  letter 
rec,u,  received  dent,  written 
vendu,  sold  dans,  in 

Mon  oncle  a  un  fils  et  une  fille.  J'ai  vu  ton  frere  et  ta 
sceur.  Nous  avons  recu  un-cadeau.  Avez-vous  dcrit  une  lettre? 


Ma  sceur  a  rec,u  un  chapeau.  "  J'ai  vendu  mon  cheval.  As-tu 
aussi  vendu  ta  montre?  Ou  avez-vous  trouvd  cette  lettre? 
Nous  avons  trouve'  cette  lettre  dans  notre  jardin.  Ce  cadeau 
.est  poHr  votre  tantc.  Votre  fils  cst  tres-petit,  mais  il  cst  bon. 
Ma  fille  est  tres-grandc.  Cette  fille  a  un  bon  pere  et  une  bonne 
mere.  Get  enfant  est  mon  fils. 

30.  This  child  is  my  daughter.  This  son  has  a  good  uncle 
and  a  good  aunt.  My  daughter  lias  received  a  present.  Your 
mother  has  written  a  letter  for  my  sister.  This  watch  is  for 
your  brother.  Hast  thou  sold  thy  horse  ?  Where  did  you  lose 
(have  you  lost)  the  watch?  I  (have)  lost  the  watch  in  the 
garden.  Have  you  seen  my  son  and  my  daughter?  My  brother 
has  received  a  letter.  Have  you  sold  your  horse  ? 


31.  son 

sa  ( 


(™')>   I  MS,  her,  its 

!•),  ) 


son  oncle,  Jiis  or  her  uncle 

sa  tante,  his,  or  her  aunt 

sa  tete,  7tis,  Jier,  or  its  head 

Mon  oncle  a  perdu  son  canif  ct  sa  montre.  Ma  sceur  a 
perdu  son  livre  et  sa  plume.  Mon  pere  a  vendu  son  cheval. 
Ma  tante  a  aussi  vendu  son  cheval.  Ou  est  votre  oncle  ?  II 
est  dans  son  jardin.  Ou  cst  votre  tante  ?  Elle  est  dans  son 
jardin.  Ce  pere  a  perdu  sa  fille.  Cette  mere  a  perdu  son  fils. 
Mon  oncle  a  achete'  un  chapeau  pour  son  petit  enfant.  Cette 
lettre  est  pour  ma  sosur.  Cette  fille  a  dent  une  grande  lettre 
pour  sa  mere.  Nous  avons  trouve'  un  livre  dans  ce  jardin. 

32.  Thy  mother  has  lost  a  book.  My  sister  has  fpiuid  a  pen. 
Where  did  you  buy  (have  you  bought)  this  penknife?  Hast 
thou  seen  our  horse  ?  We  have  seen  a  large  horse.  Your  little 
brother  has  a  good  watch. '/  Our  brother  is  tall,  but  our  sister 
Is  short.  *I  have  a  hat  which  is  very  large.  The  penknife 
which  you  have  bought,  is  a  good  one  (is  good).  Our  uncle 
has  received  a  letter.  This  son  has  lost  his  mother.  This 
daughter  has  lost  her  father,  This  present  is  for  this  child. 


33.  de,  of  or  from 

de  mon  pere,  of  or  from  my  father;  or,  my  father's 
de  nia  mere,  o/  or  from  my  mother;  or,  my  mother's 
do  ton  frere,  of  or  /row  M?/  brother;  or,  M?/  brother's 
de  ta  sceur,  o/  or  /row  £7i^  sister;  or,  My  sister's 
de  son  onclc,  o/  or  /row  his  uncle;  or,  7iis  uncle's 
de  sa  tantc,  o/  or  from  his  aunt;  or,  /iis  aunVs 
de  ce  jardin,  o/  or  from  this  garden 

La  plume  de  mon  pere  cst          My  father's  pen  (the  pen  of 
bonne.  my  father)  is  good. 

Le  canif  de  mon  pere  est  bon.  La  plume  de  ma  soeur  est 
bonne  aussi.  Avez-vous  le  canif  de  mon  fre're?  Le  jardin  de 
mon  oncle  est  grand.  J'ai  vu  le  jardin  de  votre  oncle.  Notre 
pere  a  achete  le  jardin  de  ta  tante.  Yous  avez  perdu  la  plume 
de  ma  soeur.  Get  enfant  est  le  fils  de  mon  oncle.  J'ai  rec,u  un 
canif  de  notrc  tante.  Nous  avons  rec,u  un  cheval  de  votre 
oncle.  As-tu  vu  le  pere  de  cet  enfant  ?  Ma  tante  a  requ  une 
lettre  de  son  pere.  Cette  lettre  est  de  ma  mere.  As-tu  rec,u 
ce  cadeau  de  ton  fre're?  Le  fils  a  perdu  le  livre  de  son  pere. 

34.  This  child  has  found  his  father's  book  (the  book  of  his 
father).    Have  you  received  a  letter  from  your  mother?    Hast 
thou  seen  my  father's  horse  (the  horse  of  my  father)  ?     I  have 
lost  my  sister's  penknife.     My  aunt  has  bought  my  uncle's  gar- 
den.    We  have  sold  my  brother's  hat.     My  sister's  penknife  is 
large.     My  aunt's  garden  is  small.     This  watch  is  for  thy  son. 
Thy  sister's  horse  is  in  the  garden. 

33.  a,  to 

a  mon  pere,  to  my  father 
a  ma  mere,  to  my  mother 
a  ce  jardin.  to  this  garden 

Je  pense  a  vous;  I  think,  or  7  am  thinking  of  (to)  you. 

donne",  given;  prete',  lent 

Je  pense  fi  mon  frerc  ct  a  ma  mere.  Mon  fils  a  e'er  it  une 
lettre  4  sa  tantc.  Mon  onclc  a  vcndu  son  chovul  a  inon  froro. 


J'ai  donne*  mon  canif  a  ina  soeur.  Ma  tante  pense  a  son  fils  et 
a  sa  fille.  Le  fils  de  notre  tante  est  tr6s-bom  J'ai  prete*  mon 
canif  a  votrc  so3ur.  Avez-vous  vendu  votre  jardin  a  raon  oncle? 
Nous  avons  ecrit  une  grandc  Icttrc  a  notre  perc.  Ma  tante  a 
recju  ccttc  Icttre  de  sa  fille.  J'ai  prete  a  ton  frere  lo  canif  que 
j'ai  rec,u  dc  inon  oncle.  Nous  avons  donne  une  plume  a  cet 
enfant.  A?-tu  pretd  ton  livre  a  ce  bon  enfant  ?  Je  pcnse  a  ce 
fils  ct  a  cette  fille. 

36.  My  uncle's  garden  (the  garden  of  my  uncle)  is  large. 
We  have  seen  thy  father's  horse  (the  horse  of  thy  father). 
Have  you  found  my  sister's  book  ?    I  have  received  this  pen 
from  my  aunt.     Hast  thou  received  a  book  from  this  child? 
We  have  lent  our  book  to  thy  brother.     Did  you  find  (have 
you  found)  this  hat  in  your  garden?    We  have  written  a  letter 
to  our  brother  and  to  our  aunt.   Thy  mother  has  given  a  watch 
to  my  sister. 

37,  oncle,  uncle  1'oncle,  the  uncle 
enfant,  child  1'enfant,  the  child 
ami,  friend  (m.)  1'ami,  the  friend  (m.) 
amie,  friend  (f.)  1'amie,  the  friend  (f.) 
homme,  man  1'homme,  the  man 
arbre,  tree  1'arbre,  the  tree 

1'oncle  is  used  instead  of  le  oncle 
1'amie  is  used  instead  of  la  aruie 
1'homme  is  used  instead  of  le  homme 


riche,  rich  jeune,  young 

pauvre,  poor  malade,  sick"  ill 

encore,  still,  yet,  again 

L'ami  dc  mon  pere  est  riche.  J'ai  vu  1'amie  de  votre  mere. 
Cet  homme  est  1'ami  de  mon  oncle.  L'enfant  de  cet  homme  est 
malade.  Cet  enfant  est  encore  jcunc.  L'oncle  de  mon  ami 
est  tres-richc.  Avez-vous  vu  1'arbre  que  mon  pere  a  achete'? 
Mon  onclo  a  vendu  cet  arbre  a  votre  pere.  L'homme  qne  vous 
avez  vu,  ost  tres-pauvrc.  Son  fils  est  malade.  Mon  ami  est 
un  homme  tres-riche.  J';ii  donne  une  plume  a  ce  pauvre  en- 
fant. La  tante  de  ce  jeuiie  honiwe  est  malade. 


^.    10    — 

38.  This  poor  man  is  the  friend  of  my  brother.  I  have  found 
thy  father's  watch  (the  watch  of  thy  father).    Have  you  given 
the  tree  to  your  uncle  ?     His  sister  is  young.     My  son  has  re- 
ceived a  letter  from  this  man.     I  think  of  (to)  my  horse  and 
(to)  my  garden.     The  uncle  of  that  child  is  very  young.     The 
man  whom  you  have  seen,  is  still  poor.     Where  did  you  buy 
(have  you  bought)  this  hat  for  your  brother?    The  friend  of 
this  young  man  has  received  a  present. 

39.  Masculine.  Feminine. 

le  voisin,  the  neighbor  la  voisine,  the  neighbor 

le  cousin,  the  cousin  la  cousine,  the  cousin 

1'ami,  the  friend  1'amie,  the  friend 

le  jardinier,  the  gardener  la  jardiniere,  the  gardener 

1'homme,  the  man  la  femme,  the  woman 

Get  homme  est  notre  jardinier.  Cette  femme  est  notre 
jardiniere.  Notre  voisin  est  tres-riche.  Yotre  voisine  est  une 
bonne  femme.  Avez-vous  vu  mon  cousin  ?  J'ai  vu  votre  cousin 
et  votre  cousine.  Yotre  cousin  est  1'ami  de  mon  frere.  Ma 
sceur  est  1'amie  de  votre  cousine.  La  bonne  jardiniere  a  perdu 
^on  enfant.  La  voisine  de  mon  oncle  a  un  tr6s-bon  fils.  Notre 
jardinier  est  le  pere  de  cet  enfant.  La  fille  de  cette  pauvre 
femme  est  malade.  J'ai  rcc,u  un  cadeau  de  ton  cousin.  Ma 
soeur  a  dcrit  une  lettre  a  votre  cousine. 

40.  Our  gardener  is  a  good  man.     Our  friend  is  a  good 
woman.     Thy  cousin  is  the  friend  of  my  neighbor.     My  friend 
is  the  uncle  of -this  young  man.     I  have  seen  this  gardener's 
tree.     Our  neighbor  has  a  very  good  son  and  a  very  good 
daughter.     Hast  thou  seen  this  poor  man's  child?    I  have 
given  my  penknife  to  this  poor  child. 

41.  Masculine.  Feminine. 

plus  utile  plus  utile  more  useful 

plus  sage  plus  sage  wiser,  better 

plus  joli  plus  jolie  prettier 

plus  grand  plus  grande         larger 

plus  petit  plus  petite  smaller 


—  11  — 

Masculine.  Feminine. 

le  mien  la  mieniie  mine 

le  'tien  la  tienne  thine 

le  sien  la  sienne  his,  hers,  its 

le  notre  la  notre  ours 

le  votre  la  votre  yours 


Mon  jardin  est  plus  grand  quo  My  garden  is  larger  than 

le  tien.  thine. 

Notre  maison  est  plus  grande  Our  house   is    larger  than 

que  la  tienne.  thine. 

sage,  wise,  good  (as  to  conduct)       que,  than,  as 

Mon  canif  est  plus  joli  que  le  tien.  Ma  plume  est  plus 
grande  que  la  tienne.  Notre  cheval  est  plus  grand  que  le 
votre.  '  Ton  pere  est  plus  petit  que  le  mien.  Le  jardiu  de 
votre  oncle  est  plus  grand  que  le  notre.  Get  homme  est  plus 
riche  que  notre  pere.  Get  enfant  est  plus  sage  que  ton  petit 
frere.  Le  chapeau  de  ma  soaur  est  plus  joli  que  le  mien.  Ce 
livre  est  plus  utile  que  le  notre.  As-tu  trouve'  un  chapeau? 
Ma  sosur  a  perdu  le  sien.  Notre  tante  est  plus  riche  que  la 
votre.  Notre  oncle  a  un  jardin  qui  est  tres-grand,  mais  le 
votre  est  plus  grand.  Nous  avons  un  livre  qui  est  plus  utile 
que  le  votre.  J'ai  donne  mon  canif  a  ton  frdre;  il  a  perdu  le 
sien.  Le  fils  de  notre  jardiniere  a  trouvd  une  plume  dans  notre 
jardin;  il  a  donne  la  sienne  a  mon  petit  frere.  Mon  frere  a 
donne  sa  plume  a  ma  cousine,  qui  a  perdu  la  sienne. 

42.  Thy  house  is  smaller  than  mine.  Your  book  is  more  use- 
ful than  ours.  My  child  is  better  than  thine.  I  have  a  garden 
which  is  prettier  than  hers.  Have  you  seen  a  larger  watch 
than  mine?  Your  neighbor  is  richer  than  ours.  My  pen  is 
larger  than  thine.  I  have  found  a  watch,  and  my  brother  has 
lost  his.  Your  cousin  has  a  garden  which  is  larger  than  mine. 
His  aunt  is  richer  than  ours.  My  bonnet  is  larger  than  thine. 
Wo  have  a  horse  which  is  more  useful  than  yours. 


—     12    — 

43.  .  facile,  easy  agreable,  agreeable,  pleasant 

difficile,  difficult  honnete,  honest 

fidele,  faithful 

le  chien,  the  clog  la  maison,  the  house 

le  chat,  the  cat  le  soleil,  the  sun 

la  campagne,  the  country    la  lime,  the  moon 
la  ville,  the  town  le  theme,  the  exercise 

haut  fw.J,  haute  (f.)}  high 

Mon  frere  est  encore  jeune.  II  est  plus  jeune  que  votre 
cousin.  Cet  horn  me  est  pauvre,  mais  ce  jardinier  est  encore 
plus  pauvre.  Notre  tante  a  une  grande  maison.  Avez-vous 
vu  la  maison  de  notre  tante  ?  Cot  enfant  est  plus  sage  que  ma 
petite  soaur.  Ma  cousine  a  un  petit  chat.  J'ai  donne*  mon 
petit  chien  a  notre  cousin.  Le  chien  est  plus  fidele  que  le  chat. 
Votre  voisin  est  pauvre,  mais  il  est  honnete.  La  jardiniere  est 
une  tre's-honnete  femme.  Le  soleil  est  plus  grand  que  la  lune. 
La  campagne  est  tres-agreable.  La  campagne  est  plus  agre- 
able que  la  ville.  Notre  ville  est  plus  petite  que  la  votre. 
Mon  ami  a  un  petit  chien  qui  est  tr&s-fidele.  Cet  arbre  est 
tres-haut;  il  est  plus  haut  que  le  mien.  Cette  maison  est  tr6s- 
haute;  elle  est  plus  haute  que  la  votre.  Ton  theme  est  plus 
facile  que  le  notre,  mais  le  theme  de  mon  cousin  est  tres-difficile. 

44.  Hast  thou  seen  the  mother  of  this  child  ?     She  is  very 
poor;  she  is  poorer  than  the  mother  of  our  gardener.     Have 
you  seen  my  dog  ?     He  is  larger  than  thine.     My  cousin  has 
also  a  dog  which  is  very  faithful.     Thy  uncle  is  richer  than 
ours.    This  town  is  very  large.  We  have  bought  a  large  house. 
Thy  little  brother  is  very  good;  he  is  better  than  ours.     We 
have  an  aunt  who  is  very  rich. 

45.  celui  Cm.),  cello  (f.),  that 

Mon  chien  est  plus  petit  que  My  dog  is  smaller  (more  small) 
celui  de  votre  ami.  than  your  friencVs  (that  of 

your  friend). 

Ta  montre  est  plus  petite  que  Thy  watch  is  smaller  than  thy 
celle  de  ta  soeur.  sister's  (that  of  thy  sister). 


—     13    — 

Ce  canif  est  plus  joli  que  celui  de  mon  frere.  Cette  montre 
est  plus  jolie  que  celle  de  votre  cousin.  Cet  arbre  est  plus  haul 
que  celui  que  nous  avons  vu  dans  votre  jardin.  Mon  chapeau 
est  plus  petit  quo  celui  de  votre  sccur.  Votre  plume  est  plus 
grande  que  celle  dc  votre  ami.  Le  chicii  de  votre  voisin  est 
plus  fidele  que  celui  de  notre  tante.  Ce  theme  est  tres-difficile. 
Le  theme  de  votre  cousin  est  plus  difficile  quo  le  votre,  mais 
celui  de  ma  so3ur  est  encore  plus  difficile.  La  voisine  de  mon 
oncle  a  un  petit  chien  qui  est  plus  fidele  que  celui  de  votre  jar- 
dinier,  mais  le  mien  est  encore  plus  fidele.  Mon  theme  est  plus 
facile  que  le  tien  et  que  celui  de  ton  frere. 

•IG.  The  moon  is  smaller  than  the  sun.  The  dog  is  more 
faithful  than  the  cat.  Thy  book  is  more  useful  than  thy  cousin's 
(that  of  thy  cousin).  The  hat  of  thy  brother  is  smaller  than 
my  father's  (that  of  my  father).  The  house  of  our  gardener  is 
larger  than  your  neighbor's  (that  of  your  neighbor)  (f.).  The 
friend  of  our  uncle  is  richer  than  your  brother's  (that  of  your 
brother). 

47.         Emilie,  Emily  Adolphe,  Adolphus 

Henri,  Henry  Francois,  Francis 

Jean,  John  Guillaume,  William 

Louis,  Louis  Louise,  Louisa 


a  Bruxelles,  to,  at,  in  Brussels      a  Londres,  to,  at,  jn  London 
a  Vienne,  to,  at,  in  Vienna  aPhiladelphie,fo,a£,wP/«7a- 

delphia 


arrive  (m.),  arrivee  (f.),  arrived 

parti  (m.),  partie  (f.),  set  out,  departed 

ii  est  arrive,  he  has  (is)  arrived       s'appelle,  is  called 
elle  est  arrivee,  she  has(is)  arrived  est  a,  belongs  to  (is  to) 

Lc  fils  de  notre  voisine  s'appelle  Charles,  et  sa  fillc  s'ap- 
pelle  Louise.  L'enfant  de  notre  jardinier  s'appelle  Guillaume. 
La  tante  de  Ferdinand  est  arrivee,  mais  son  pere  est  parti  pour 
Philadelphie.  La  soeur  de  Louis  est  tres-sage.  Jo  pense  a  Jean 


—    14    — 

et  a  Louis.  La  soeur  de  Louise  a  dcrit  une  lettre  a  Emilie.  Fran- 
qois  a  recju  cette  plume  d'un  jeune  homme  qui  s'appelle  Jean 
Henri  a  donne  son  livre  a  Ferdinand  et  sa  plume  a  Joseph. 
Le  cousin  de  Jean  est  parti  pour  Paris.  Le  chien  de  Charles 
est  plus  fidele  que  celui  de  Francois.  Nous  avons  donnd  notre 
petit  chat  a  Guillaumc.  Ce  canit'est  a  Adolphe,  et  cette  plume 
est  a  Jean.  Notre  tante  est  a  Paris.  Mon  cousin  est  a  Vienno. 
Ce  jeur.e  homme  est  de  Bruxelles.  Notre  ami  est  de  Baltimore. 

4:8.  Josephine  has  lost  her  bonnet.  Hast  thou  found  Henry's 
penknife?  John's  father  is  very  good.  Charles's  garden  is 
smaller  than  mine.  Joseph's  friend  has  (is)  set  out.  My  cousin 
has  arrived.  -We  have  received  a  letter  from  Louis;  he  is  in 
London.  Have  you  seen  John  and  Ferdinand?  We  have 
written  a  letter  to  our  friend  at  (of)  Boston. 

49.  Singular.  Plural. 

le  pere,  the  father  les  peres,  the  fathers 

la  mere,  the  mother  les  meres,  the  mothers 

1'enfant,  the  child  les  enfants,  the  children 

1'homme,  the  man  les  homines,  the  men 

bon  (m.),  bonne  (f.)  bonsfraj,  bonnes  (/.j,  good 

content  (m,,  contcntc  (f, 

petit  (m.),  petite  (f.)  petits  (m. ),  petites  C/J,  little 

le  (m.)t  la  (f.)  les,  the 

sont,  are 

Mes  freres  sont  arrives.       My  brothers  have  (are)  arrived. 
Mes  sojurs  sont  arrivdes.      My  sisters  have  (are)  arrived. 

,      la  fleur,  the  Jloiuer  toujours,  alivays 

la  pommc,  the  apple  sont  a,  belong  to  (are  to) 

la  poire,  the  pear  il  aime,  he  loves,  he  likes 

la  cerise,  the  cherry  sou  vent,  often 

Les  p6res  sont  bons,  ct  les  meres  sont  bonnes  aussi.  Les 
livres  de  mon  oncle  sont  utiles.  Les  plumes  de  ma  soeur 
sont  petites.  Les  enfants  de  cct  homme  sont  tres-sages.  Les 
sosurs  dc  mon  ami  sont  bonnes.  Avez-vous  vu  les  livres  <lc 


—     15     — 

mon  cousin  ?  Nous  avons  trouve'  les  livres  et  les  plumes  de 
votre  frere.  La  mere  de  Charles  aime  les  fleurs  et  les  enfants. 
Les  amis  tie  Ferdinand  sont  arrives.  Los  freres  de  mon  voisin 
sont  partis  pour  Vienne.  Cette  maisori  est  haute.  Les  maisons 
de  cette  ville  sont  tres-hautes.  Les  arbres  de  notre  jardin  sont 
plus  hauls  que  les  arbres  de  votre  jardin.  Les  enfants  de  notre 
jardinier  sont  encore  tr6s-jeunes.  Les  thdmes  de  ma  cousine 
sont  faciles,  raais  les  themes  de  mon  fre're  sont  tr6s-difficiles. 
Ta  sceur  est  contente.  Les  fllles  de  notre  voisin  sont  toujours 
contentes.  Les  pauvres  sont  souvent  plus  contents  que  les 
riches. 

30.  The  children  of  our  gardener  are  good  (sayes).  Your 
father's  books  are  very  useful.  The  friends  of  my  uncle  are 
very  rich.  Vienna  is  a  large  city.  The  houses  in  (of)  Vienna 
are  very  high.  Francis  and  Henry  have!  (are)  arrived.  Louisa 
and  Josephine  have  (are)  set  out.  Thq  sisters  of  Henry  are 
still  young.  We  have  seen  the  children  of  this  poor  woman. 
This  woman  is  always  contented  ;  she  as  more  contented  than 
our  neighbor  (f.)  who  is  very  rich.  1 

51.  un  (m.),  une  (f.),  one     dix-neuf,  \nineteen 

!_/     deux,  two  vingt,  twenty 

trois,  three  vingt  et  un,  twenty-one 

quatre,/ow  vingt-deux,  twenty-two 

cinq,  jive  trente,  thirty 

six,  six  trente  et  un,  thirty-one 

sent,  seven  trente-deux,  thirty-two 

fiuit,  eight  quarante,  forty 

neuf,  nine  cinquante,  fifty 

dix,  ten  soixante,  sixty 

onze,  eleven  soixante  et  dix,  seventy 

douz&ftwelve  soixante  et  onze,  seventy-one 

treize,  thirteen  soixanjgjd^uze,  seventy-two 

quatorze,-/<mrteen  quatfe^vingts^  eighty 

quinzp,  fifteen  quatfe^vingt-un,  eighty-one 

seize,  sixteen  ,  quafre^vingt-dix,  ninety 

dix-sept,  seventeen  cent,  a  hundred 

dix-huit,  eighteen  cent  un,  a  hundred  and  one 


—     16     — 


Janvier  (m.),  January 
t'eVrier  (m.),  February 
Mars  (m.)r  March 
Avril  (m.)j  April 
Mai  (w.), 
Juin  (m.  j, 


Juillet  Cm 
Aout  (m.).  August 
Soptembre  (mj,  September 
.  Octobre  fm.j,  October 
Novembre  (m.),  November 
Ddcembre  (m.),  December 


la  chambre.  Me  room 
la  table,  the  table 
la  chaise,  the  chair 
1'an  Cm.),  I'anne'e  (f.),  the 

year 

te  mois,  the  month 
la  semaine, 


1'annde  bissextile,  leap-year 
le  jour,  Me  da# 
une  heure,  an  hour 
une  minute,  a  minute 
une  seconde,  a  second 
il  y  a,  Mere  is,  there  are 
font, 


Dans  notre  maison  il  y  a  quatorze  chambres.  Dans  cette 
cha«nbre  il  y  a  deux  tables  et  douze  chaises.  Notre  voisin  a 
cin<(  enfants,  trois  fils  et  deux  filles.  Dans  notre  jardin  il  y  a 
vingt  grands  arbres.  Dans  la  maison  de  notre  jardinier  il  y  a 
cinq  chats  et  trois  chiens.  Nous  avons  un  chat  et  deux  chiens. 
L'an  a  douze  mois;  la  semaine  a  sept  jours.  J'ai  rec,u  de  mon 
p6re  quatre  pommes  et  six  poires.  Mon  oncle  a  donne*  a  ma 
S03ur  un  joli  canif  et  vingt  plumes.  Un  jour  a  vingt-quatre 
heures.  Une  heure  a  soixante  minutes.  Janvier  a  trente  et 
un  jours.  Avril  a  trente  jours.  L'anne'e  a  trois  cent  soixante. 
cinq  jours.  Soixante  secondes  font  une  minute. 

52.  Our  father  has  three  penknives.  My  friend  has  five 
sisters.  This  woman  has  seven  children.  I  have  bought  six 
chairs.  This  man  has  four  sons  and  two  daughters  who  are 
very  good  (sages).  We  have  received  three  letters  for  my 
uncle.  My  friend  has  found  a  penknife  and  eight  pens.  Sixty 
seconds  make  one  minute.  Sixty  minutes  make  one  hour. 
Twenty-four  hours  make  one  day.  Seven  days  make  one  week. 
Twelve  months  make  one  year.  March  has  thirty-one  days. 
June  has  thirty  days.  Leap-year  has  three  hundred  and  sixty 
six  daya. 


—     17     — 


53. 


Singular. 
Masc.            Fern. 
mon           ma 

Plural. 

Both  Genders. 

mes,  my 

ton 

ta 

tes,  thy 

son 

sa 

ses,  his, 

her 

Masc. 

Fern. 

le  mien 

la  mienne 

les  miens    les  miennes,  mine 

le  tien 

la  tienne 

les  tiens 

les  tiennes,  thine 

le  sien 

la  sienne 

les  siens 

les  siennes,  his,  hers 

il,  he         elle, 


ils 


elles, 


Indicative  Mood,  Present  Tense, 
j'ai,  /  have  nous  avons,  we  have 

tu  as,  thou  hast  vous  avez,  you  have 

il  a,  he  has  ils  ont, 

elle  a,  she  has  elles  ont, 

j'aime,  Hove,  Hike  arrose',  watered 

J'aime  mes  freres  et  mes  soaurs.  J'aime  aussi  mes  cousins 
?t  mes  cousines.  Ces  arbres  sont  jolis;  les  miens  sont  joli? 
aussi.  Mon  frere  a  perdu  ses  plumes.  Cette  femme  aime  se? 
erifants.  Get  homme  a  perdu  ses  amis,  et  cette  mere  a  perdu 
ses  enfants.  J'ai  donnd  mes  fleurs  a  ton  cousin.  J'ai  requ 
cette  annde  six  lettres  de  mes  amis.  Mon  cousin  a  e'crit  cette 
semaine  deux  lettres  a  ses  amis.  As-tu  arrose  tes  fleurs  ?  J'ai 
arrose'  les  miennes  et  les  tiennes.  Ma  soeur  a  aussi  arrosd  les 
siennes.  Mes  cousines  ont  requ  deux  jolis  chats;  elles  sont  tr&s- 
contentes.  Tes  freres  ont  acliete'  deux  chiens  qui  sont  tres- 
fiddles.  Ils  ont  donne  trois  livres  a  mes  soeurs.  Charles  a 
perdu  son  chapeau  et  le  mien. 

54.  Have  you  seen  my  uncles  and  my  aunts  ?  My  books  are 
more  useful  than  thine.  I  love  thy  cousins.  Thy  cousins  (f.) 
are  good;  mine  (f.)  are  good  also.  Hast  thou  written  thy  let- 
ters?  I  have  written  mine.  We  have  seen  thy  children  and 
mine  in  the  garden.  William  has  sold  my  flowers  and  his  own 
(his)  also.  .  My  exercises  are  more  easy  than  his.  Our  neigh- 
bor's  dog  is  more  faithful  than  our  aunt's  (that  of  our  aunt\ 
Have  you  lent  your  book  to  this  good  child  ?  There  are  three 
men  in  the  house. 


—   It   — 

65.  Singular.  Plural. 

Mane.  Fei>*.  Both  Genders. 

notre  notrt  nos-,  our 

votre  votre  vos,  your 

le  notre       la  notre  les  notres,  ours 

le  votre        la  votre  les  votres,  yours 

triste,  sad 

Avez-vous  vu  nos  freres  et  nos  soeurs?  J'ai  vu  vos  cousins 
et  vos  cousiues.  Ou  sont  nos  livres  et  nos  plumes?  J'ai  perdu 
vos  livres  et  les  notres.  Mon  frere  a  trouve  mes  livres  et  les 
votres.  Nous  avons  arrosd  nos  fleurs.  Avez-vous  aussi  arrosd 
les  votres?  Yotre  soeur  est  partie  cette  semaine.  Mon  pere 
et  ma  mere  sont  malades.  Ces  enfants  sont  tres-tristes.  Mes 
cousins  sont  arrives.  Vos  jardins  sont  plus  grands  que  les 
notres.  Notre  ville  est  plus  petite  que  la  votre.  Nos  sceurs 
Bont  plus  jeunes  que  les  votres.  Tes  freres  sont  les  amis  de 
mes  cousins.  Je  pense  souvent  a  vos  freres.  J'ai  achetd  trois 
canifs  pour  les  enfants  de  notre  cousin.  Ou  sont  vos  soeurs  ? 
Elles  sont  a  Philadelphie.  Et  vos  freres?  Us  sont  partis  pour 
St.  Louis. 

56.  My  children  are  very  ill.     Our  friends  are  very  sad.    I 
have  seen  thy  flowers.     Hast  thou  found  my  books  and  my 
pens  ?    I  have  written  a  letter  to  thy  brothers.     We  have  re- 
ceived two  letters  from  our  cousins  who  are  in  Paris.     Thy 
uncle  has  watered  his  flowers  and  ours.     I  have  given  to  this 
poor  child  my  pens  and  thine.     My  father  has  sold  his  dogs 
and  mine. 

57.  Singular.  Plural 

ce,  cet  (m.),  this,  that        ces,  these,  those 
cette  (f.),  this,  that  ces,  these,  those 

ce  bouquet,  this  nosegay    ces  bouquets,  these  nosegays 
cet  arbre,  this  tree  ces  arbres,  these  trees 

cette  rose,  this  rose  ces  roses,  these  roses 

un  franc,  a  franc  (=  tiuenty  cente) 
sur,  on.  upon        avec,  with 


—     19    — 

Ces  jardins  et  ces  maisons  sont  a  ma  tante.  Ces  porames 
eL  ces  poires  sont  a  mes  sceurs.  Ces  bouquets  sont  grands. 
Ces  enfants  sont  t res-sages;  ils  out  une  bonne  mere.  Ou  avez- 
vous  "achete  ces  roses  ?  Nous  avons  trouve  ces  livres  sur  cette 
table.  Ma  tante  a  donne  deux  francs  a  ces  pauvres  enfants. 
Ils  sont  arrives  avec  ce  jeune  homme.  Ces  cerises  sont  pour 
vos  freres.  Avez-vous  vu  mes  fils  et  mes  filles  ?  Ces  deux 
homines  sont  freres.  Ces  deux  femmes  sont  sceurs.  J'ai  achete 
ces  tables  et  ces  chaises  pour  ma  fille.  Ces  petits  arbres  sont 
a  notre  voisin.  Ces  deux  grandes  maisons  sont  a  notre  oncle. 
J'ai  trouve'  ces  fleurs  dans  votre  jardin.  Ces  enfants  sont 
tristes ;  la  mere  de  ces  enfants  est  tres-malade.  Yos  fils  sont 
plus  sages  que  les  miens,  mais  mes  filles  sont  plus  sages  que  les 
votres.  J'ai  requ  ces  pom  mes  de  notre  jardinier,  et  ces  poires 
de  notre  jardiniere. 

58.  These  pens  are  good.     These  trees  are  high.     I  have 
given  these  books  to  my  friend.     Hast  thou  watered  these 
roses  ?     These  children  are  better  than  the  sons  of  our  neigh- 
bor.   These  books  are  more  useful  than  ours.    These  pears  and 
apples  belong  to  iny  brother.     We  have  bought  these  trees. 
This  poor  woman  has  seven  children,  four   sons  and  three 
daughters.  We  have  received  these  cherries  from  these  children. 
These  nosegays  are  very  large. 

59.  Singular.  Plural. 

tout  (m.)  toute  (f.)  tous  (m.)  toutes  (f.)  all 


tout  le  monde.  everybody  tous  les  hommes,  all  men 

(all  the  world)  toutes  les  femmes,  all  women 

toute  la  ville,  the  whole  tous  les  jours,  every  day  (all 

city  the  days) 


le  monde,  the  world  la  nuit,  the  night 

la  tcjrre,  the  earth,  land        la  prairie,  the  meadow 
Dieu,  God  envoye,  sent 

cre'e,  created  pleure',  cried,  wept 

mi  £01,  a  crown,  a  dollar 


—     20     — 

J'aime  tous  les  hommes.  Tous  mes  amis  sont  partis  pour 
la  campagne.  Tous  ces  jardins  et  toutes  ces  prairies  sont  a 
ma  tante.  Cette  femme  a  perdu  tous  ses  enfants.  J'ai  perdu 
tous  mes  livres  et  toutes  mes  plumes.  Notre  jardinier  a  perdu 
sa  bonne  m6re;  il  a  pleure  toute  la  nuit.  Dieu  a  cree  toute  la 
terre.  Avez-vous  arrose'  tous  ces  petits  arbres  et  toutes  ces 
fleurs  ?  Le  jardinier  a  arrosd  tout  le  jardin.  Tous  ces  themes 
sont  faciles.  Mon  cousin  a  pr^te"  tous  ces  livres  a  Henri.  Louise 
a  perdu  toutes  ses  plumes.  Avez-vous  dent  toutes  ces  lettres  ? 
Ma  tante  a  envoys'  trois  dcus  a  cette  pauvre  femme.  Elle  a 
donnd  toutes  ces  pommes  et  toutes  ces  poires  a  ces  enfants. 
Nous  avons  achete'  toutes  ces  cerises. 

60.  My  father  has  sold  all  his  dogs.    We  have  sold  all  our 
gardens.     I  have  lost  all  my  friends.     All  these  books  belong 
to  our  neighbor.     I  love  all  these  children.     I  think  every  day 
of  (to)  Louis  and  (to)  Charles.     Where  did  you  buy  (have  you 
bought)  these  penknives  ?     I  have  seen  the  whole  house.      All 
our  letters  have  arrived  (arrivees).      Charles  is  departed  with 
all  his  friends.     We  have  found  all  these  apples  in  the  garden 
of  our  neighbor.     Everybody  loves  flowers. 

61.  la  mere,        the  mother  1'enfant,        the  child 

( of  the  mother  ( of  the  child 

de  la  mere  •<  the  mother's  de  1'enfant  •<  the  child's 

(from  the  mother  (from  the  child 

a  la  m6re,      to  the  mother  a  1'enfant,     to  the  child 

le  roi,  the  king  la  reine,  the  queen 

1'argent  (m.),  the  money,  silver 

La  m6re  de  la  reine  est  bonne.  Le  jardinier  a  achete'  quatre 
chaises  pour  le  jardin.  J'ai  pretd  mon  canif  a  1'ami  de  ton  frere. 
Nous  avons  recju  un  petit  chien  de  la  mere  de  cet  enfant.  Votre 
onclo  a  dcrit  une  lettre  a  la  soeur  de  notre  voisin.  Le  roi  a 
envoyd  un  cheval  a  la  reine.  J'ai  re^u  toutes  ces  fleurs  de  la 
jardiniere.  Les  enfants  de  la  jardiniere  sont  malades.  Je 
pense  a  1'amie  de  notre  sosur.  Henri  a  donnd  son  argent  a 
1'enfant  de  cette  pauvre  femme.  Le  chien  est  utile  a  1'homme. 


—    21     — 

Ce  jardin  est  a  1'oncle  de  mon  ami.  Ces  prairies  sont  a  la  tante 
de  ce  jeune  horn  me.  Nous  avons  vendu  notre  cheval  a  1'ami 
de  notre  voisin.  L'argent  de  1'enfant  est  perdu. 

62.  Have  you  given  the  apple  to  Henry's  aunt?  My  mother's 
flower  is  very  pretty.     The  horse  is  useful  to  (the)  man.     The 
sister  of  the  queen  is  very  ill.      Have  you  written  to  the 
friend  of  the  gardener  (f.)1    The  father  of  the  child  is  poor. 
My  neighbor's  tree  is  higher  than  yours.  The  friend  of  the  man 
has  (is)  set  out  from  Paris.     My  neighbor  has  received  a  pre- 
sent from  his  brother.    My  mother  has  received  all  these  cherries 
from  the  aunt  of  her  neighbor.     This  watch  belongs  to  John's 
uncle.     My  sister  has  been  crying  (has  cried)  all  night. 

63.  le  pere,      the  father  le  soldat,      the  soldier 

fof  the  father  (  of  the  soldier 

the  fathers  du  soldat,  -j  the  soldier's 

from  the  fatlier  (from  the  soldier 

au  p6re,     to  the  father  au  soldat,     to  the  soldier   k 

du  is  used  instead  of  de  le;  au  is  used  instead  of  a.  le. 

la  loi,  the  law  la  vie,  (the)  life 

le  peuple,  the  people  le  bonhcur,  (the)  happiness 

la  partie,  the  part  le  malheur,  (the)  misfortune 

court  fmj,  courte  (f.),  short 

Un  bon  pere  aime  ses  enfants.  Le  frere  du  roi  est  arrive". 
Avez-vous  vu  le  jardin  du  roi  ?  La  vie  de  1'homme  est  courte. 
Mon  livre  est  tres-court.  Charles  a  donne  cinq  e'cus  a  cette 
pauvro  femme.  Le  jour  est  une  partie  de  la  semaine.  La 
semainc  est  une  partie  du  mois.  La  terrc  est  une  petite  partie 
du  monde.  Le  chien  est  1'ami  de  I'hommc.  Les  malheurs  de  ces 
hommes  sont  grands.  Les  enfants  du  jardinier  sont  tres-sages. 
J'ai  donne" /m  petit  chien  au  fils  du  soldat.  As-tu  regu  se  canif 
du  jardinier?  Ce  cheval  est  au  voisin  de  mon  oncle.  Le  bon- 
heur  de  la  vie  est  court.  Mon  cousin  a  vendu  sa  maison  au  ire're 
de  notre  voisin.  Ma  sceur  a  donnd  tout  son  argent  a  1'enfant  de 
cette  femme.  Les  bonnes  lois  font  le  bonheur  du  peuple.  Je 
pense  toujours  au  malheur  de  mon  ami. 


—    22    — 

64.  I  am  always  thinking  of  (to)  the  happiness  of  my  child. 
My  friend's  sister  has  seen  the  gardener's  meadow.  I  have 
given  a  book  to  the  brother  of  my  friend  (m.).  My  brother  has 
bought  a  present  for  his  friend's  child  (for  the  child  of  his 
friend).  These  trees  belong  to  the  son  of  our  gardener.  The 
month  is  a  part  of  the  year.  The  earth  is  larger  than  the 
moon.  We  have  sold  the  garden  and  (the)  house  to  my  cousin's 
friend  (to  the  friend  of  my  cousin).  Thy  sister  is  a  friend  of 
mine  (one  of  my  friends).  The  poor  man  whom  I  have  seen 
is  the  son  of  the  gardener.  The  dog  is  faithful  to  man. 


05.  ies  arbres,  the  trees 

des  arbres,  of  or  from  the  trees 
aux  arbres,  to  the  trees 
des  is  used  instead  of  de  Ies;    aux  is  used  instead  of  ii  leg. 


Un  bon  fils  est  le  bonhcur  du  p£re.  Les  chiens  sont 
Ies  amis  des  hommes.  Ces  arbres  sont  aux  fils  du  jardinier. 
J'ai  donnd  mes  livres  aux  filles  de  cette  pauvre  femme.  Le 
cheval  est  utile  aux  hommes.  Les  enfants  des  pauvres  sont 
Bouvent  plus  contents  que  Ies  enfants  des  riches.  Nous  avons 
rec,u  toutes  ces  fleurs  du  fils  du  jardinier.  Ma  sosur  a  rec,u  ces 
lettres  des  amies  de  Louise.  Nous  avons  dent  aux  amis  de 
notre  cousin.  Ma  mere  a  donne*  huit  e'cus  aux  pauvres.  Ma 
tante  a  envoys'  vingt  francs  aux  enfants  de  la  jardiniere. 

6Y>.  The  brother  of  the  soldier  is  ill.  The  sister  of  the  gar- 
dener is  very  short.  I  have  given  my  flowers  to  the  son  of  the 
gardener.  That  man  has  bought  a  horse  for  his  son.  We  have 
received  this  present  from  the  mother  of  this  child.  Have  you 
written  a  letter  to  the  brother  of  our  neighbor?  I  think  always 
of  (to)  your  father's  friend.  This  house  belongs  to  thy  friend's 
uncle.  I  love  the  children  of  my  neighbor.  Thy  sisters  have 
given  a  dollar  to  the  poor.  The  children  of  the  poor  are  often 
very  contented.  (The)  good  children  are  the  happiness  of  the 
father  and  (of  the)  mother.  We  have  given  our  money  to  the 
children  of  these  poor  persons  (pauvres). 


—    23    — 

67.     peu,  little  peu  de  pain,  little  bread 

peu,  few  peu  d'hommes,  few  men 

beaucoup,  much  beaucoup  de  vin,  much  wine 

beaucoup,  many  beaucoup  do  livres,  many  books 

plus,  more  plus  de  vin,  more  ivine 

plus,  more  plus  de  pommes,  more  apples 

assez,  enough  assez  de  biere,  beer  enough 

assez,  enough  assez  de  cerises,  cherries  enough 


J 


le  pain,  the  bread  1'eau  f/J,  the  water 

le  beurre,  the  butter  la  biere,  the  beer 

la  viande,  the  meat  le  the',  the  tea 

le  vin,  the  wine  mange,  eaten 

donnez-moi,  give  (to)  me  bu,  drunk 


Cet  homme  a  beaucoup  d'argent.  Mon  ami  a  plus  d'argent 
quo  nous.  Avez-vous  beaucoup  de  vin  ?  Donnez-moi  un  peu  de 
biere.  J'ai  assez  de  pain.  As-tu  assez  de  viande?  Nous 
avons  peu  de  beurre.  Nous  avons  beaucoup  de  pommes. 
Nous  avons  mange  peu  de  cerises.  Mes  soeurs  ont  achete 
beaucoup  de  poires.  Donnez  cet  argent  a  cette  pauvre  femme. 
Donnez  un  peu  de  the  a  ce  malade.  Donnez  un  peu  d'eau  a  ce 
pauvre  malade.  Cet  homme  a  beaucoup  de  flours  dans  son 
jardin.  Mon  frere  a  plus  de  livres  que  le  tien,  mais  ton  frere 
a  plus  de  plumes  que  le  mien.  Cet  homme  est  un  bon  p6re;  il  a 
donne'  beaucoup  d'argent  aux  pauvres.  Ce  pauvre  homme  a  peu 
d'amis,  mais  il  a  beaucoup  de  chiens  et  de  chats.  Cette  m6re 
a  beaucoup  d'enfants.  Henri  a  vu  plus  de  villes  que  nous. 

68.  Give  me  a  little  bread.  Have  you  eaten  cherries  enough  ? 
We  have  few  pears  in  the  house.  My  brothers  have  sold  more 
apples  than  you.  Have  you  much  beer  ?  Hast  thou  meat 
enough  ?  Your  father  has  more  trees  in  his  garden  than  we.  The 
dog  has  drunk  water  enough.  The  cats  have  eaten  much  meat. 
The  son  and  the  daughter  of  my  friend  have  more  money  than 
you.  My  sister  has  more  pens  than  thine.  Thy  father  has 
drunk  little  wine. 


6*9.  autant,  as  much     j'ai  autant  de  pain  que  vous,  /  have. 

as  much  (of)  bread  as  you 
autant,  as  many  j'ai  autant  de  plumes  que  vous,  /  have 

as  many  pens  as  you 

trop,  too  much  trop  de  papier,  too  much  paper 

trop,  too  many  trop  d'arbres,  too  many  trees 

eombien?  how  much  ?  combien  de  viande?  how  much  meat? 
conibien?  how  many?  combien  de  poires?  how  many pears  ? 
moms,  less  moms  de  beurre,  less  butter 

moins,  fewer  moiiis  de  maisons,  fewer  houses 

tant,  so  much  tant  de  the,  so  much  tea 

tant,  so  many  tant  de  pommes,  so  many  apples 

le  fromage,  the  cheese      le  poivrc,  the  pepper 

le  sel,  the  salt  la  moutarde,  the  mustard 

Mon  pere  a  autant  de  livres  que  vous.  Yous  avez  moins  de 
plumes  que  mon  frere.  Get  enfant  a  trop  de  vin.  Donnez-rnoi 
un  peu  dc  fromage.  Avez-vous  assez  de  sel  ct  de  poivre  ?  J'ai 
donne"  un  peu  de  moutarde  a  Henri.  II  a  bu  trop  de  biere. 
Combien  d'cnfants  avez-vous?  J'ai  six  enfants;  quatre  fils  et 
deux  filles.  Notre  voisin  a  moins  d'eufants  que  vous:  il  a  deux 
fils  et  une  fille.  II  y  a  beaucoup  d'arbres  dans  ce  jardin.  Les 
hommes  qui  sont  contents,  sont  riches.  Peu  d'hommes  sont 
contents.  Le  pauvre  a  peu  d'amis.  As-tu  autant  d'argent  que 
nous?  J'ai  moins  d'argent  que  vous,  mais  j'ai  plus  de  livres 
que  vous.  Donnez  au  tils  de  la  jardiniere  le  canif  que  vous  avez 
recju  de  ma  sceur;  il  a  perdu  le  sien.  Nous  avons  tant  d'amis! 

70.  How  many  dogs  have  you  ?  I  have  two  dogs.  Have  you 
as  many  trees  as  my  friend  ?  This  man  has  drunk  too  much 
wine.  My  father  has  as  many  apples  as  you.  Give  me  a  little 
salt.  I  have  less  bread  than  you;  but  I  have  more  cheese  (than 
you).  Our  neighbor  has  fewer  children  than  the  soldier.  Henry 
has  written  as  many  exercises  as  his  brother.  William  has 
received  more  letters  than  you.  Give  a  little  wine  to  this  poor 
woman.  John  has  eaten  too  much  mustard  and  pepper.  Give 
(to)  the  daughter  of  the  soldier  the  cat  that  you  have  received 
from  your  uncle.  She  has  lost  hers.  My  son  has  as  many 
dogs  as  thine. 


—    25    — 

71.  le  morceau,  the  piece         la  tasse,  the  cup 
le  verre,  the  glass  une  aune,  an  ell 
la  bouteille,  the  bottle        une  paire,  a  pair 

la  livre,  the  pound  une  douzaine,  a  dozen 

le  quintal,  <Ae  hundred-  une  corbeille,  a  basket 

weight  clemi,  #«£/ 

demi-douzaine,  /ta{/"  a  dozen 

le  cafe,  £Ae  cojfee  le  soulier,  the  shoe 

la  boite,  the  box  la  botte,  the  boot 

la  toile,  £/te  linen  la  chemise,  £Ae  s/wri 
le  mouchoir,  the  pocket-     la  cravate,  the  cravat 

handkerchief  le  crayon,  the  pencil 

le  gant,  the  glove  1'encre  (f.),  the  ink 

le  bas,  the  stocking  le  sucre,  the  sugar 

Ma  mere  a  envoye  a  ma  cousine  trois  paires  de  gants,  six 
paires  de  bas,  deux  douzaines  de  chemises,  et  une  corbeille  de 
cerises.  Dans  cette  boite  il  y  a  dix  aunes  de  toile,  quatre 
mouchoirs  et  une  demi-douzaine  de  cravates.  J'ai  rec,u  de  mon 
pere  un  chapeau  ct  une  montre,  un  canif,  six  plumes,  trois 
crayons  et  deux  francs.  Mon  frere  a  achete  deux  paires  de 
souliers  et  une  paire  de  bottes.  Nous  avons  envoye  a  1'ami  de 
notre  oncle  vingt  livres  de  sucre,  un  demi-quintal  de  cafe  et 
douze  bouteilles  de  vin.  Donnez-moi  un  morceau  de  viande, 
une  bouteille  de  biere  et  un  peu  de  moutarde.  Ma  tante  a 
achete  une  grande  table  et  une  demi-douzaine  de  chaises.  J'ai 
bu  un  verre  de  vin,  et  j'ai  mange"  un  morceau  de  fromage. 
Cette  tasse  de  the  est  pour  mon  cousin,  et  ce  morceau  de  sucre 
est  pour  ma  soeur.  Nous  avons  donne  au  fils  de  notre  voisine 
six  plumes,  deux  crayons  et  un  peu  d'encre:  il  a  ecrit  une 
lettre  a  son  oncle  qui  est  a  Louisville. 

72.  Our  gardener  has  many  flowers.     My  father  has  more 
flowers  than  your  gardener.    This  man  has  much  money;  he  is 
very  rich.     You  have  less  money  than  this  man.     We  have  as 
many  children  as  you.     How  many  books  hast  thou  ?     I  have 
few  books,  but  I  have  many  friends.  Give  me  a  glass  of  water. 
Hast  thou  given  a  bottle  of   beer  to   the   children   of  our 


—     26    — 

neighbor?  My  sister  has  received  a  pound  of  cherries  and 
two  pounds  of  tea.  This  pair  of  boots  is  for  Louis,  and  this 
dozen  (of)  shirts  is  for  Charles. 

73.  Singular.  Plural. 

le  chapcau,  the  hat,  bonnet  les  chapeaux,  the  hats,  bonnets 

le  cadeau,  the  present  les  cadeaux,  the  presents 

1'oiseau  (in.),  the  bird  les  oiseaux,  the  birds 

le  jeu,  the  play,  game  les  jeux,  the  games 

le  couteau,  the  knife  le  raoineau,  the  sparrow 

le  vaisseau,  the  ship  le  chateau,  the  castle,  country-seat 

le  troupeau,  the  flock  le  feu,  the  fire 

Ma  soeur  aime  les  oiseaux;  elle  a  beaucoup  d'oiseaux.  Le 
feu  et  I'eau  sont  utiles  a  I'homme.  Get  homnie  est  tres-riche; 
il  a  deux  chateaux,  beaucoup  de  jardins  et  de  prairies.  Vos 
chapeaux  sont  plus  grands  que  les  notres.  Avez-vous  vu  les 
deux  moineaux  de  mon  frere  ?  Mon  cousin  a  vendu  tous  ses 
oiseaux.  Cette  petite  fille  aime  les  jeux.  Ces  troupeaux  sont 
a  notre  voisin.  Nous  avons  vu  deux  grands  vaisseaux.  J'ai 
achetd  une  douzaine  de  verres  et  une  deini-douzaine  de  cou« 
teaux.  Ces  moineaux  sont  encore  jeunes.  Ces  cadeaux  sont 
pour  Josephine. 

74.  My  brother  likes  ships;  he  has  three  ships.  My  father  has 
bought  two  castles.  Your  presents  are  smaller  than  ours.    We 
have  found  two  sparrows  in  the  garden.     These  birds  belong 
to  the  pretty  daughter  of  the  soldier.     The  flocks  of  my  uncle 
are  larger  than  yours.    The  castles  which  he  has  sold  (vendus) 
are  very  large.     This  pretty  child  loves  (the)  games.     How 
many  knives  have  you  ?   The  fires  in  the  castles  are  small.    My 
father  has  bought  four  ships-. 

75.  Singular.  Plural. 

le  cheval,  the  horse  les  chevaux,  the  horses 

1'animal,  the  animal          les  animaux,  the  animals 
le  travail,  the  ivork          les  travaux,  the  works 

le  mal,  the  evil  le  ge'ne'ral,  the  general 

le  ro&al,  the  metal  le  lion,  the  lion 


_    27    — 

Les  travaux  de  cet  homme  sont  agreables.  Les  chevaux 
sont  tre"s-utiles;  ils  sont  plus  utiles  que  les  chiens.  Nous  avons 
vendu  nos  chevaux.  Notre  voisin  a  plus  de  chevaux  que  de 
chiens.  Ces  animaux  sont  tres-jolis.  Le  lion  est  le  roi  des 
animaux.  Nous  avons  achete  deux  quintaux  de  cafe.  Nous 
avons  vendu  notre  maison  a  1'amie  de  votre  tante.  C'est  une 
tres-jolie  maison.  Les  hommes  ont  beaucoup  de  maux.  Les 
fils  de  notre  voisin  ont  achete  les  oiseaux  du  jardinier.  Nous 
avons  vu  les  chevaux  de  vos  amis  et  les  travaux  des  soldats. 
Mori  fils  aime  les  chevaux.  Je  pense  toujours  aux  freres  ct 
aux  soeurs  de  mon  ami.  L'argent  est  un  me'tal.  Les  metau* 
sont  tres-utiles  aux  hommes. 

76.  I  have  seen  your  father's  castles.    We  have  lost  our  hats. 
These  knives  are  for  my  mother.  Thy  brother  likes  birds.  Give 
me  these  sparrows.      These  flocks  belong   to  our  neighbor. 
Our  friend  has  lost  all  his  ships.     My  cousin  has  received  two 
horses  from  the  son  of  this  general.     Henry  loves  work;  these 
works  are  very  useful.     This  poor  animal  is  ill.     These  little 
animals  are  very  faithful. 

77.  Singular.  Plural. 

du,  de  la,  de  1'  des,  of  the,  some,  any 

du  papier,  of  the  paper,  some  paper,  any  paper 

de  la  viande,  of  the  meat,  some  meat,  any  meat 

de  1'encre,  of  the  ink,  some  ink,  any  ink 

des  pommes,  of  the  apples,  some  apples,  any  apples 

des  enfants,  of  the  children,  some  children,  any  children 

chez,  at  the  house  of  chez  mon  pere,  at  my  father's 

chez  le  boulanger,  at  the  baker's    chez  moi,  at  my  house 

le  cordonnler,  the  shoemaker         fait,  made 
le  libraire,  the  bookseller  le  menuisier,  the  joiner 

on,  one,  people  le  marchand,  the  tradesman 

il  trouve,  he  finds  il  vend,  he  sells 

il  fait,  he  makes  s'il  vous  plait,  if  you  please 

le  citron,  the  lemon 


—     28     — 

J'ai  mangd  du  pain  ct  de  la  viaiide.  Nous  avons  achetd 
des  poinmes  et  des  poires.  Mon  frere  a  bu  du  vin,  et  vous 
avcz  bu  de  la  biere  et  de  Veau.  Ce  marchand  vend  du  sucre, 
du  cafe  et  des  citrons.  Le  cordonnier  fait  des  souliers  et  des 
bottes.  Le  mcnuisicr  fait  des  tables  et  des  chaises.  Chez  le 
librairc  on  trouve  des  livres,  des  plumes,  du  papier,  de  Pencre, 
des  canifs  et  des  crayons.  Get  homme  vend  des  chevaux  et  des 
chiens.  Dans  cette  boite  il  y  a  des  gants,  des  bas,  des  mou- 
choirs,  des  cravates  et  de  la  toile.  Donnez-moi,  s'il  vous  plait, 
du  sel  et  du  poivre.  Avez-vous  de  la  moutarde?  Nous  avons 
achetd  des  tasses,  des  verrcs,  des  bouteilles  et  des  couteaux. 
Mon  oncle  a  donne  de  Pargent  aux  pauvres.  II  y  a  des  pauvres 
qui  sont  tres-contents.  II  y  a  des  animaux  qui  sont  plus  grands 
quo  les  chevaux. 

78.  The  child  has  eaten  some  bread  and  some  pears.  Have 
you  sent  any  beer  to  the  gardener's  father  ?  My  uncle  has  sold 
some  ink  to  the  cousin  of  the  tradesman.  There  are  some 
children  in  the  house  with  my  mother.  At  the  gardener's  we 
get  (one  finds)  apples,  pears,  and  cherries.  Give  me,  if  you 
please,  some  water  for  the  child.  This  tradesman  sells  metal 
and  glasses.  This  joiner  sells  tables.  Give  me,  if  you  please, 
some  pencils  for  my  father.  There  are  few  men  who  are 
very  happy.  My  uncle  has  given  some  bread  to  the  sparrows. 
This  man  has  sent  some  boots,  shoes,  and  stockings  for  the 
poor  at  (de)  Vienna. 

70.  voici,  here  is,  here  are 

voila,  there  is,  there  are 
voici  mon  frere,  here  is  my  brother 
voila  mes  soeurs,  there  are  my  sisters 
voici  du  vin,  here  is  wine 
voila  du  vinaigre,  there  is  vinegar 

le  fruit,  the  fruit  le  vinaigre,  the  vinegar 

le  lait,  the  milk  Phuile  <f. .»,  the  oil 

le  chocolat,  the  chocolate  la  farine,  the  flour,  meal 

la  soupe,  the  soup  le  jambon,  the  ham 

les  tegumes  (m.),  the  vegetables  la  tranche,  the  piece,  the  slice 


—    29    — 

Voici  du  vin  et  de  1'eau,  du  cafe  et  du  chocolat,  du  sucre 
et  du  lait.  Nous  avons  mange  de  la  soupe,  de  la  viande,  des 
legumes  et  du  fruit.  Donnez-moi,  s'il  vous  plait,  du  vinaigre 
ct  de  Thuile.  Yoila  une  bouteille  de  vinaigre,  et  voila  aussi  du 
poivrc  et  de  la  moutarde.  J'aime  le  poivre  et  le  sel.  Dans 
cettc  corbeille  il  y  a  des  fruits  et  des  fleurs.  Nous  avons  dcs 
jardins  et  des  prairies.  Mon  frere  a  des  livres  et  des  amis. 
^Totre  cordonnier  a  des  enfants  tres-sages.  Mes  so3urs  ont 
n  ange  du  fromage,  du  jambon  et  du  pain.  Le  jardinier  a 
donne  des  cerises  a  Emilie.  Ma  mere  a  achete  de  la  farine 
et  du  lait  chez  notre  voisin.  J'ai  achete  ce  papier  et  cette 
encre  chez  le  libraire.  II  y  a  dans  cette  ville  des  marchands 
qui  sont  tres-riches. 

80.  The  shoemaker  has  made  a  pair  of  shoes  for  my  sister, 
and  two  pairs  of  boots  for  Charles.    Our  gardener  has  bought 
some  trees  and  flowers.      This  town  has  few  houses.      Our 
friend  has  ships  and  money.     Your  brother  has  many  birds. 
Give  a  piece  of  ham  and  a  glass  of  beer  to  William.    I  have 
received  from  the  gardener  a  basket  of  flowers.     Here  are 
bread  and  fruit,  oil  and  vinegar.     Have  you  lost  any  money? 
We  find  at  this  tradesman's  (one  finds  at  the  house  of  this 
tradesman)  knives  and  penknives. 

81.  grand,  great,  large  plus  grand,  greater  le  plus  grand,  the 

greatest 
riche,  rich  plus  riche,  richer     le  plus  riche,  the 

richest 

applique,  diligent    plus  applique,  more  le  plus   applique, 

diligent  the  most  diligent 

bon,  good  meilleur,  better         lomcMeur,  the  best 

1'Amerique  (f.),  America       1'Asie  (f.),  Asia 
1'Europe  (/.),  Europe  TAfrique  (f.)  Africa 

PAustralie  (/.),  Australia 

c'est,  that  is,  it  is  ce  sont,  these  are,  they  are 


le  negotiant,  the  merchant  sensd, 

le  fer  (the)  iron  la  montagne,  the  mountain 

fort,  strong  la  fille,  the  girl 

aimable,  amiable  le  tigre,  the  tiger 


—     30     — 

Get  oiseau  est  petit;  il  est  plus  petit  que  le  mien;  c'est  le 
pins  petit  de  tous  les  oiseaux.  Le  lion  est  fort;  il  est  plus  fort 
quc  le  tigre;  c'est  le  plus  fort  de  tous  les  animaux.  Voila  une 
grande  maison;  olle  est  plus  grande  que  la  notre;  c'est  la  plus 
grande  dc  la  ville.  Cette  jeune  fille  est  tres-aimable;  elle  est 
plus  aimable  quc  sa  sceur.  Ce  menuisier  est  un  honnete  homme; 
il  a  un  tils  qui  est  un  pen  plus  jeune  que  Henri.  Charles  est 
plus  applique  que  son  frere;  il  est  le  plus  applique  de  tous  mes 
enlants.  Louise  est  plus  sage  que  Marie;  elle  est  la  plus  sage 
de  toutes.  Francois  a  autant  d'amis  que  vous;  mais  les  votres 
sont  plus  riches  que  les  siens.  Notre  voisin  est  riiomme  le 
plus  aimable  du  monde.  Le  fer  est  le  plus  utile  des  metaux. 
L'Australie  est  la  plus  petite  partie  du  monde,  et  1'Asie  la  plus 
grande.  Le  Mont  Blanc  est  la  plus  haute  montagne  de  1'Europe. 
Les  chiens  sont  les  plus  fideles  de  tous  les  animaux.  Le  nego- 
ciant  qui  a  achete  cette  grande  maison,  est  un  des  plus  riches 
dc  la  ville.  Ces  thdmes  sont  difficiles ;  ce  sont  des  themes 
tres-difficiles.  Ce  couteau  est  bon:  le  mien  est  meilleur,  mais 
le  couteau  de  mon  frere  est  le  meilieur. 


82.  Europe  is  smaller  than  America.     Iron  is  more  useful 
than  silver.     Henry  is  taller  than  Charles,  but  William  is  the 
tallest.     Francis  is  the  'youngest  of  my  brothers,  and  Louisa 
the  youngest  of  my  sisters.     This  man  is  very  poor,  but  this 
shoemaker  is  the  poorest  in  (of)  the  town.     My  chair  is  very 
L.gh;  it  is  the  highest  of  all  our  chairs.     This  hat  is  prettier 
than  thine;  it  is  the  prettiest  of  my  hats.     Our  children  are 
.ftore  sensible  than  yours;  they  are  the  most  sensible  of  all. 

83.  Singular.  Plural. 

ce|ui  (m.),  celle  (f.),  that          ceux  (m.),  celles  (f.)1  those 
celui-ci  (m.),  celle-ci  (f.),  this    ceux-ci  (m.),  celles-ci  (/.;,  these 

(this  one) 
celui-la  (m .),  cellc-la  (/.;,  that    ceux-la(wj,  celles-la  (f.),   those 

(that  one) 

cet  homme-ci,  this  man         ces  hommes-ci,  these  men 
cet  homrae-la,  that  man         ces  hommes-la,  those  men 


—  31     — 

Mon  chapeau  est  plus  petit  My  hat  is  smaller  than  your 

que  celui  de  votre  fr£re.          brother's  (that  of  your  brother). 

Ma  pom  me  est  plus  petite  My  apple  is  smaller  than  your 

que  celle  de  votre  sceur.  sister's  (that  of  your  sister). 

Yos  die  vaux  sont  plus  grands  Your  horses  are  larger  than  your 

qtie  ceux  de  votre  oncle.  uncle's  (those  of  your  uncle). 

Colui-ci  est  instruit.  This  one  is  learned. 

Celiii-la  est  ignorant.  That  one  i's  ignorant. 

le  pense  a  cet  homme-ci  et  a  /  think   of  this  man   and  of 

celui-la.  that. 


je  parle,  /  speak 
-**'-  /j 

Le  chien  du  jardinier  est  plus  fiddle  que  celui  de  notre 

foisin.  Ma  fille  est  plus  appliquee  que  celle  du  libraire.  Yos 
gants  sont  plus  jolis  que  ceux  de  ma  mere.  Nous  avons  perdu 
tios  livres  et  ceux  de  votre  cousin.  Yoila  tes  bottes  et  celles 
lie  ton  frere.  Ou  sont  mes  lettres  et  celles  de  ma  cousine  ?  Je 
pense  a  mes  amis  et  a  ceux  de  mon  cousin.  Yoici  ma  cravate 
et  celle  de  ton  ami.  Ce  sont  mes  bas  et  ceux  de  mon  frere. 
Cet  homme-ci  est  plus  fort  que  celui-la.  Cette  table-ci  est  plus 
haute  que  celle-la.  Je  parle  de  ce  jardin-ci  et  de  celui-la,  do 
cette  maison-ci  et  de  celle-la.  Je  pense  a  cet  enfant-ci  et  £  celui- 
la.  Ces  chapeaux-ci  sont  plus  jolis  que  ceux-la.  Ces  enfants-la 
sont  plus  applique's  que  ceux-ci.  Ces  pommes-la  sont  meilleures 
que  celles-ci.  Ce  cheval-ci  est  plus  petit  que  celui-la,  mais  celui- 
ci  est  plus  fort.  Celui-ci  est  riche,  celui-la  est  pauvre. 

84.  I  have  lost  my  pencil  and  my  brother's  (that  of  my  brother). 
We  have  found  thy  watch  and  thy  friend's  (that  of  thy  friend). 
My  shoes  are  smaller  than  my  cousin's  (those  of  my  cousin); 
but  thine  are  the  smallest.  My  mother  loves  her  children  and 
our  gardener's.  I  have  received  thy  letters  and  thy  sister's. 
This  bird  is  prettier  than  that  which  you  have  seen  in  our  gar. 
den.  This  book  is  more  useful  than  that.  This  house  is  higher 
than  that.  That  girl  is  more  amiable  than  this.  Those  mer- 
chants are  richer  than  these.  My  pen  is  better  than  thine,  but 
thy  cousin's  is  the  best. 


—    32    — 

83.  Singular.  Plural. 

leur  (m.  &  f.)  terns,,  their 

le  Icur  (m.),  la  leur  (f.)      les  leurs,  theirs 

Ma  sceur  a  perdu  sa  plume  et  son  crayon.  Ta  cousine  a 
trouve  ses  bas  et  ses  gants.  Nos  freres  ont  vendu  leur  cheval 
et  leur  chien.  Xos  soeurs  ont  vendu  leur  jardin  et  leur  maison. 
Les  ills  de  mon  voisin  ont  perdu  leurs  livres  et  leurs  plumes. 
Ma  tante  est  dans  son  jardin.  Mes  amis  sont  dans  leur  jardin. 
La  jardiniere  a  requ  des  lettres  de  son  fils.  Mes  cousins  ont 
requ  des  cadeaux  de  leur  pere.  Notre  voisine  a  envoye"  cinq 
dcus  a  sa  fille.  Ces  enfants  ont  fait  un  joli  cadeau  a  leur  oncle. 
Les  soldats  ont  perdu  leurs  generaux.  II  a  vendu  son  chien  et 
le  leur.  Les  enfants  de  mon  voisin  ont  vu  ma  soaur  et  la  leur. 

80.  This  woman  has  lost  her  children.  My  cousin  has  written 
a  letter  to  her  uncle  who  is  at  Nashville.  Thy  brothers  have  lost 
their  friend.  My  sisters  have  also  lost  their  friend  (f.).  Our 
neighbor  has  (is)  set  out  with  her  mother.  Thy  cousins  have 
(are)  arrived  (arrives)  with  their  father.  These  children  have 
lost  their  hats.  The  children  have  their  work  (pi).  Charles 
and  William  have  sold  their  dog.  My  brothers  have  sold  theirs. 

8V. 

le  premier,  la  premiere,  the  first  le  dix-huitieme,  the  eighteenth 

le  second,  la  secondc,  the  second  le  dix-neuvi6me,  the  nineteenth 

le,  la  troisieme,  the  third  le  vingti6me,  the  twentieth 

le  quatrieme,  the  fourth  le  vingt-et-unieme,  the  twenty- 
Is  cinquieme,  the  fifth  first 

le  sixieme,  the  sixth  le  trentieme,  the  thirtieth 

le  septieme,  the  seventh  le  quarantieme,  the  fortieth 

le  huitieme,  the  eighth  le  cinquantieme,  the  fiftieth 

le  neuvieme,  the  ninth  le  soixantieme,  the  sixtieth 

le  dixieme,  the  tenth  le  soixante-dixieme,  the  seven- 
le  onzieme,  the  eleventh  tieth 

le  douzieme,  the  twelfth  le  quatre-vingtieme,  the  eigli- 
le  treizieme,  the  thirteenth  tieth 

le  quatorzieme,  the  fourteenth  le  quatre-vingt- dixieme,  the 
le  quinzieme,  the  fifteenth  ninetieth 

le  seizieme,  the  sixteenth  le  centieme,  the  hundredth 

le  dix-septieme,  the  seventeenth  le  millieme,  the  thousandth 
le  dernier,  la  derniere,  the  last 


—     33     — 

mdchant  me'chante  naughty 

modeste  modeste  modest 


Chretien,  Christian  Mathilde,  Matilda 

Godefroi,  Godfrey  Marie,  Mary 

\  /dimanche  (m.),  Sunday     (j  mercredi  (m.),  Wednesday 
lundi  (m.),  Monday  jeudi  (m.),  Thursday 

mardi  (m.),  Tuesday  vendredi  (m.),  Friday 

samcdi  (m.)}  Saturday 

Ce  jeune  homme  est  tr6s-applique";  il  est  le  premier  de  la 
classe;  Charles  est  le  second;  le  modeste  Henri  est  le  troisi6me; 
Jean  est  le  quatrieme;  le  bon  Guillaume  est  le  cinquieme; 
Chretien  est  le  sixieme ;  le  petit  Godefroi  est  le  septieme; 
Paul  est  le  huitieme;  Francois  est  le  neuvieme;  Ernest  est  le 
dixieme;  le  mechant  Joseph  est  le  onzieme;  Ferdinand  est  le 
douzienie;  Adolphc  est  le  treizieme;  Albert  estle  quatorzieme; 
Louis  est  le  dernier.  Deux  est  la  cinquieme  partie  de  dix. 
Cinq  est  la  quatrieme  partie  de  vingt.  Un  jour  est  la  septieme 
partie  d'une  semaine. 

88.  Louisa  is  the  first  in  (of)  the  class;  Mary  is  the  second; 
(the)  good  Josephine  is  the  third;   (the)  modest  Emily  is  the 
ninth;  Matilda  is  the  fifteenth;   (the)  naughty  Caroline  is  the 
last.     A  week  is  the  fourth  part  of  a  month,  and  a  month  is 
the  twelfth  part  of  a  year.     Seven  days  make  a  week.     Sun- 
day is  the  first,  Monday  is  the  second,  Tuesday  is  the  third, 
Wednesday  is  the  fourth,  Thursday  is  the  fifth,  Friday  is  the 
sixth,  and  Saturday  the  seventh. 

89.  qui?  who?  a  qui?  to  ivhom?   (whose?) 
dequi?  of  whom?  from    pour  qui?  for  whom? 

whom? 

A  qui  est  ce  de'  ?    II  est  a  ma  Whose  thimble  is  this  ?  It  (is) 

grand'mere.    C'est  celui  de  belongs  to  my  grandmother. 

ma  grand'mere.  It  is  my  grandmother's. 

Chez  qui  avez-vous  achet^  cette  Where  (at  whose  house)  did 

ardoise?    Chez  le  libraire.  you  buy  that  slate?    At  the 

bookseller's. 


—     34    — 

le  in&licin  the  physician        la  servante,  the  maid-servant 
le  dornestique  )  the  servant     ici,  here 
la  domestiquc  j    (m-  &  f-)       la,  there 
inoi,  /,  me 

Qui  est  la?  C'cst  lo  mddecin;  c'est  la  servante;  c'est  moi. 
Qui  est  cet  homme-la?  C'est  le  domestique;  c'est  le  fils  du 
jardinier.  Qui  sont  ces  enfants-la?  Ce  sont  les  enfants  du 
medecin;  cc  sont  les  lilies  de  la  servante.  De  qui  avez-vous 
rec,u  ces  cadeaux  ?  Du  fils  de  notre  voisine.  A  qui  est  ce 
ehapeau?  II  est  a  mon  fr6re.  A  qui  est  cette  montre?  Elle 
est  a  ma  sceur.  A  qui  sont  ces  gants  ?  Us  sont  a  ma  cousine. 
A  qui  sont  ces  bottes?  Elles  sont  a  mon  cousin.  Voici  ton 
livre;  celui-la  est  le  mien.  Voila  ta  cravate;  celle-ci  est  la 
mienne.  Voila  tes  chemises;  celles-ci  sont  les  miennes.  A  qui 
avez-vous  donne  la  corbeille  ?  A  la  servante.  A  qui  avez-vous 
ecrit  ?  A  1'oncle  de  mon  ami.  Ou  est  votre  frere  ?  II  est  ici 
dans  sa  chambre.  Chez  qui  avez-vous  achete  ces  crayons? 
Chez  le  libraire.  Pour  qui  sont  ces  oiseaux?  Pour  mon  frere. 
Qui  a  achete  cette  jolie  maison  ?  Notre  voisin  a  achete  ces 
deux  maisons.  Qui  a  ecrit  ccttc  lettre  ?  Marie  a  e'crit  cette 
lettre.  Pour  qui  sont  ces  fleurs?  Les  fleurs  sont  pour  moi. 
Etes-vous  content,  Francois  ?  Je  suis  content  aujourd'hui. 

90.  Who  is  there?  It  is  the  shoemaker;  it  is  Henry.  Who 
is  that  woman  ?  It  is  the  wife  of  the  joiner;  it  is  the  maid- 
servant of  the  physician.  Who  are  those  girls  ?  They  are  the 
daughters  of  the  merchant.  They  are  Louisa  and  Matilda. 
To  whom  have  you  lent  your  penknife  ?  I  have  lent  mine  to 
Charles,  and  my  sister  has  lent  hers  to  the  son  of  the  servant  (m. ). 
To  whom  does  this  cat  belong  (to  whom  belongs  this  cat)  ?  It 
is  our  neighbor's  (it  is  thai  of  our  neighbor).  To  whom  does 
this  flower  belong  (belongs  this  flower)  ?  It  is  our  sister's  (that 
of  our  sister).  To  whom  do  these  stockings  belong  (belong 
these  stockings)  ?  They  are  our  maid-servant's  (those  of  our 
maid-servant).  To  whom  do  these  letters  belong?  They  are 
our  aunt's.  For  whom  are  these  books?  For  my  two  child- 
ren: for  William  and  Josephine. 


—    35    — 

91.  Singular.  Plural. 
monsieur,  Mr.  messieurs,  Messrs. 
madaine,  Mrs.  mesdames,  Mesdames 
mademoiselle,  Miss  mesdemoiselles,  Misses 

ce  monsieur,  this  gentleman  ces  messieurs,  these  gentlemen 

cette  dame,  this  lady  ces  dames,  these  ladies 

cette  demoiselle,  this  young  ces  demoiselles,    these  young 

lady  ladies 

bien,  well  le  bien,  the  benefit,  good 

dites,  say,  tell        les  bontes  (f.),  the  kindness,  good-will 

Monsieur  Tournon  est  un  honnete  homme;  il  a  une  tres- 
bonne  femnic,  et  ses  enfants  sont  tres-sages.  Madame  Noir 
est  une  fcmme  tres-modeste;  elle  aime  ses  enfants  et  elle  fait 
du  bien  aux  pauvrcs.  Mademoiselle  Renard  est  tres-aimable, 
elle  a  beaucoup  de  bontes  pour  moi;  elle  fait  souvent  des 
cadeaux  a  mes  enfants.  J'ai  vu  messieurs  Noel;  ils  sont  arrives 
cette  semaine;  mais  ils  sont  tres-tristes,  ils  ont  perdu  leurmere. 
Avez-vous  aussi  vu  les  demoiselles  Belmont  qui  sont  arrivees 
avec  leur  pere  ?  J'ai  trouve"  le  pere  chez  monsieur  Nollet,  mais 
les  demoiselles  sont  malades.  Qui  est  ee  monsieur-la  ?  C'est 
un  me'decin;  c'est  celui  que  vous  avez  vu  chez  moi.  Mais,  dites- 
moi,  qui  est  cette  dame-la?  C'est  la  cousine  de  monsieur  Blanc; 
c'est  la  soeur  de  madame  Marmont.  A  qui  sont  ces  chevaux  ? 
Ils  sont  a  messieurs  Lamartine.  A  qui  avez-vous  ecrit  ?  J'ai 
£crit  a  monsieur  Sauvage  qui  est  a  Yienne,  et  a  madame  Latour, 
qui  est  a  Bruxelles. 

92.  Have  you  seen  Mr.  Douro?    He  is  very  tall  and  (very) 
strong.  Where  is  Louis's  sister?   She  went  (estpartie)  this  week 
to  Philadelphia.     Have  you  seen  the  sisters  of  Mr.  Douro? 
They  are  still  very  young,  but  they  are  very  amiable.  To  whom 
does  this  tlog  belong?     It  belongs  to  my  brother;  it  is  that 
which  he  has  received  from  Mr.  Belmont.     To  whom  does  this 
meadow  belong  ?    It  belongs  to  Mr.  Briggs,  who  is  at  Albany. 
Who  are  these  gentlemen  ?     They  are  the  brothers  of  the  phy- 
sician.   Who  are  those  ladies?    This  is  Mrs.  Stanton,  and  that 
is  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Verrier. 


—  36     — 

93.  Indicative  Mood,  Present  Tense. 

je  suis,  /  am  nous  sommes,  we,  are 

tu  es,  thou  art  vous  etes,  you  are 

i\  est,  he  is  ilssont,      \  they  are 

clle  cst,  s/«e  is  elles  sont,  ) 

j'ai  raison,  7  «?w  (Aare,)  r&/t«  nous  avons  raison,  we  are  right 

tu  as  raison,  Mow  art  right  vous  avez  raison,  you  areright 

il  a  raison,  he  is  right  ils  out  raison,  they  are  right 

In  the  same  manner  say,  j'ai  tort,  I  am  (have)  wrong. 

le  matin,  the  morning  la  famille,  the  family 

la  visite,  the  visit  parce  que,  because 

vcnu,  come  deja,  already 


Ou  cst  ton  frere  ?  Est-il  ici  ?  II  est  malade,  il  est  dans  sa 
chambre.  Je  suis  arrive  ce  matin.  Avec  qui  es-tu  venu?  Je 
suis  venu  avec  madame  Gerard  qui  est  malade  aussi.  As-tu  deja 
fait  une  visite  a  monsieur  Lebceuf  ?  J'ai  deja,  fait  une  visite  a 
toute  la  famille.  J'ai  beaucoup  de  livres  et  d'amis,  je  suis  tres- 
content.  Celui  qui  est  content,  est  riche.  Nous  sommes  riches, 
parce  que  nous  sommes  toujours  contents.  Vous  avez  raison, 
et  ma  soeur  a  tort.  Yous  etes  encore  jeunes;  mais  vous  6tes 
plus  sages  qu'elle.  Ces  demoiselles-la  sont  tres-aimables;  elles 
ont  un  oncle  qui  est  tres-riche;  il  a  achete'  ce  grand  chateau-la, 
tous  ces  jardins  et  toutes  ces  prairies. 

94.  Art  thou  my  friend?  1  (it,  le)  am.  I  am  poor  and  thou 
art  rich.  My  brother  has  (is)  arrived  this  morning  from  Brus- 
sels. He  is  come  with  Mr.  Murray,  who  is  his  friend.  Thy 
sister  has  (is)  gone  (partie).  With  whom  is  she  gone?  With 
her  cousin,  with  Miss  Harris.  Hast  thou  seen  Mrs.  Brown?  She 
is  (c'est)  the  best  woman  in  the  (of  the)  world;  she  has  much 
good-will  for  my  father.  She  has  given  (to)  my  brother  a 
dozen  pocket-handkerchiefs,  and  (to)  my  sister  six  pairs  of 
gloves.  We  are  poor,  but  we  are  contented.  You  have  little 
money,  but  you  are  always  diligent. 


—     37     — 


Indicative  Mood,  Imperfect  Tense. 

j'etais,  /  was  nous  £tions,  we  were 

tu  etais,  thou  wast  vous  etiez,  you  were 

il  etait,  he  was  ils  ^talent,     |  th     were 
elle  etait,  she  ivas 


heureux  (m.),  heureuse  (f.),  fortunate,  happy 
malheureuxfwj,  malheureuse  (f.),  unfortunate,  unhappy 
vertueux  (m.),  vertueuse  (f.),  virtuous 
paresseux  (m.),  paresseuse  (f.),  idle 

tout  a  1'heure,  presently,  just  now    a  present,  now 
.  autrefois,  formerly  ordinairement,  usually 

Cette  famille  elait  autrefois  tres-heureuse.  Le  pere  e*tait 
un  tres-honnete  honime;  la  mere  e"tait  une  femme  moderate  et 
vertueuse.  Leurs  enfants  dtaient  sages  et  appliques.  Mon 
voHin  dtait  autrefois  riche;  mais  scs  enfants  etaient  tres- 
mechants  et  tr6s-paresseux.  Ceux  qui  sont  paresseux,  sont 
ordinairement  pauvres;  mais  ceux  qui  sont  appliques,  sont 
riches  et  contents.  Tu  £tais  toujours  heureux,  parce  qne  tu 
dtais  sage  et  vertueux.  L'homme  vertueux  est  toujours  heu- 
reux; mais  celui  qui  est  mediant,  est  malheureux.  Cette  mere-la 
est  heureuse,  parce  qu'elle  aime  ses  enfants  qui  sont  vertueux 
et  applique's;  mais  ces  femmcs-la  sont  toujours  tristes  et  mal- 
heureuses,  parce  qu'elles  sont  mechantes  et  paresseuses.  Nous 
etions  autrefois  riches,  et  vous  etiez  pauvres;  mais  a  pre*- 
sent  nous  sommes  pauvres,  et  vous  etes  riches.  Nous  e"tions 
toujours  amis.  Tu  etais  Fami  do  mon  frere,  et  moi,  j'etais  Fami 
de  ton  cousin.  Mes  freres  etaient  toujours  dans  votre  jardin, 
et  moi,  j'etais  toujours  dans  celui  de  notre  voisin. 

f)0.  Where  were  you  this  morning?  I  was  at  the  house  of 
my  uncle  who  has  (is)  arrived  from  Boston.  My  brother  and  1 
(we)  were  at  the  house  of  thy  father.  Your  aunt  had  (was) 
already  gone.  Where  were  you  just  now  ?  We  were  just  now 
at  the  house  of  Mr.  M.,  who  has  a  very  amiable  daughter. 
These  young  ladies  were  always  modest  and  virtuous.  Mr. 
Duran  was  formerly  very  rich,  but  now  he  is  poor.  We  were 
formerly  unhappy,  but  now  w_e  are  happy,  happier  than  you. 


—     38    — 

Thou  wast  in  our  garden,  and  my  brother  was  in  thine.  Where 
was  thy  sister  ?  She  was  at  the  house  of  her  aunt.  Thy  aunt 
is  very  unhappy;  she  lias  lost  all  her  children. 

#7.  Indicative  Mood,  Imperfect  Tense. 

j'avais,  I  had  nous  a  v  ions,  we  had 

tu  avais,  thou  hadst  vous  aviez,  you  had 

\i  avail,  he  had  ils  avaient,     )  ^     ha(^ 

on  avail,  one  or  people  had    elles  avaient,  ) 

ils  sont  venus,  they  (m.)  have  (are)  come 
elles  sont  venues,  they  (f.)  have  (are)  come 

les  parents,  the  relatives 


le  commerce,  trade,  business     1'un,  the  one 

le  banquier,  the  banker  1'autre,  the  other 

le  nombre,  the  number  lorsque,  when,  at  the  time  ivhen 

connu,  known  car,  /or,  as 

le  meilleur  hommc  do  la  villc,  the  best  man  in  (of)  the  toivn 
Lorsque  j'avais  encore  mes  parents,  j'e'tais  tres-heureux. 
Mon  pere  etait  riche;  il  avait  beaucoup  dc  maisons,  de  jardins 
et  de  prairies.  Ma  mere  etait  d'une  bonne  famille;  nous  avions 
un  grand  commerce.  Deux  de  mes  oncles  etaient  banquiers. 
J'ai  bien  connu  vos  parents.  Yous  aviez  un  grand  nombre  de 
domestiques  ct  de  servantes.  Yos  fibres  avaient  des  chevaux 
et  des  chiens;  ils  etaient  toujours  contents.  Tu  e'tais  encore 
jeune,  lorsque  ton  pere  avait  tant  de  malhcurs.  Tes  sreurs 
dtaient  amies  des  miennes;  elles  avaient  aussi  beaucoup  de 
bonte's  pour  moi.  Avez-vous  aussi  connu  mes  oncles?  J'ai 
tres-bien  connu  vos  deux  oncles;  1'un  dtait  un  liomme  grand  et 
fort,  1'autre  dtait  tres-petit.  Celui-ci  etait  le  meilleur  liomme 
du  monde;  il  avait  un  fils  quo  j'ai  souvent  vu  chez  monsieur 
Montgomery;  c'e'tait  un  jeune  hommc  tres-aimable. 

98.  We  (have)  had  this  week  a  visit  from  (the  visit  of  the) 
Messrs.  Smith,  who  have  (are)  come  (venus)  with  their  sister. 
You  had  many  friends  when  you  were  still  young.  We  had  more 
books  than  you.  Our  uncle  had  formerly  a  great  number  of  birds 


-    39    - 

und  dogs.  Thou  wast  always  very  contented,  for  thou  hadst  thy 
friends.  These  two  merchants  were  formerly  very  happy;  they 
had  a  large  business.  I  had  two  brothers;  the  one  was  at 
Vienna,  the  other  at  Berlin.  Didst  thou  know  (hast  thou  known) 
my  two  brothers?  I  knew  (have  known)  the  one  (celui)  who 
was  at  Berlin;  the  other  wasyounge::  than  I.  But  tell  me,  where 
is  your  brother  now,  who  had  always  so  many  flowers  ?  He  is 
150110  to  America. 

99.  eu,  had  mis,  put,  laid 

e'te,  been  pris,  taken 

lu,  read  cherche',  sought 

j'ai  pris,  I  have  taken,  I  took 

tu  as  pris,  thou  hast  taken,  thou  tookest 

il  a  pris,  he  has  taken,  he  took 

nous  avons  pris,  we  have  taken,  we  took 

vous  avcz  pris,  you  have  taken,  you  took 

ils  ont  pris,  they  have  taken,  they  took 

la  page,  the  page  ensemble,  together 

le  plaisir,  the  pleasure  hier,  yesterday 

1'affaire  (f.),  the  business,  work  aujourd'hui,  to-day 
la  malle,  le  coffre,  the  box,  trunk  tout,  everything,  all 
Avez-vous  pris  mon  crayon?  J'ai  pris  votre  plume.  Nous 
avons  eu  beaucoup  do  plaisir.  Tu  as  eu  aujourd'hui  peu  d'af- 
faires. Mon  frere  a  eu  tort.  Mcs  soeurs  ont  eu  raison.  J'ai 
trouve  hier  ton  frere;  nous  avons  dtd  ensemble  chez  ton  oncle 
qui  etait  malade.  Ou  as-tu  mis  ma  chemise?  J'ai  mis  ta 
chemise  sur  une  chaise.  Qui  a  pris  ma  cravatc?  Anjourd'hui 
tu  as  tout  perdu.  J'ai  cherche'  aussi  mes  bottes  et  mes  souliers. 
On  a  tout  pris.  Donnez-moi,  s'il  vous  plait,  mes  gants  et  mon 
mouchoir.  Yoici  vos  bas  et  votrc  montrc.  Avez-vous  lu  cc 
livre?  C'est  un  livre  tres-utile.  J'ai  lu  ce  livre  avec  beaucoup 
de  plaisir.  J'ai  lu  aussi  le  livre  quo  Henri  a  pr6te  a  ma  socur. 
Avez-vous  des  affaires  aujourd'hui  ?  Nous  avons  ordinairemcnt 
beaucoup  d'affaires.  J'ai  envoye  ce  matin  mon  fre're  chez  le 
banquier.  J'ai  vu  votre  frere;  il  est  parti  pour  la  campagne 
avec  mon  cousin.  Oh,  le  petit  merchant ! 


—    40     — 

100.  Where  hast  thou  put  ray  pocket-handkerchief?    I  have 
put    thy   pocket-handkerchief  and   thy  stockings  in  the  box. 
Thy  brothers  have  put  their  gloves  on  the  table.     Have  you 
taken  my  pen?     Here  is  a  pen,  it  is  my  brother's  (that  of  my 
brother);   but  where  is  mine?     This  belongs  to  my  cousin; 
there  is  also  yours.     Where  have  you  been  this  morning?    We 
have  been  at  (chez)  the  shoemaker's.     Yesterday  we  were  to 
gethcr  at  (chez)  the  tradesman's,  who  sells  linen  and  pocket- 
handkerchiefs.     Who  has  had  my  penknife  ?   I  have  had  your 
penknife.      Have  you  read  the  book  which  I  (have)  lent  to 
Louisa's  sister  ?     We  have  read  three  pages  of  that  book.    It 
has  given  (cause)  much  pleasure  to  (the)  little  Matilda. 

101.  j'ai  e'td,  /  have  been  nous  avons  e'te,  we  have  been 
tu  as  ete,  thou  hast  been  vous  avez  ete,  you  have  been 
il  a  6-te,  he  has  been  ils  ont  ete,    j  tj      have  been 
elle  a  e'te,  she  has  been  cllcs  ont  dte, ) 

on  a  e'te,  one  has  been,  people  have  been 
Qui  a  ete  la  ?  Monsieur  Roland  a  ete  ici ;  il  a  mis  ce 
livre-ci  sur  la  table.  As-tu  ete  chez  le  cordonnier?  J'ai  etd 
hier  chez  le  cordonnier:  il  a  deja  fait  vos  bottes.  Ces  enfants 
ont  e'te  rnalades  toute  la  semaine;  ils  ont  mange  trop  de  pom- 
mes  dans  le  jardin  du  voisin.  Vous  avez  dtd  malheureux  dans  vos 
affaires,  mais  nos  freres  ont  ete  tres-heureux.  Cette  femme  a 
toujours  e'te'  vertueuse,  mais  ses  enfants  ont  toujours  ete  pares- 
seux.  Mon  voisin  a  e'te'  1'homme  le  plus  riche  de  la  ville.  Ou 
avez-vous  e'te'  ce  matin  ?  Nous  avons  e'te  chez  Charles  qui  est 
toujours  triste,  parce  que  sa  m6re  est  partie.  Mes  soeurs  ont 
dte'  tres-contentes;  elles  ont  eu  beaucoup  de  plaisir.  Madame 
Roland  est  tres-aiinable;  elle  a  dte"  aujourd'hui  chez  mon  oncle. 

102.  We  went  (have  been)  yesterday  to  the  garden  of  our 
neighbor,  where  we  (have)   had  much   pleasure.     We  have 
eaten  some  apples  and  pears.     You  are  very  fortunate:  have 
you  also  seen  his  trees  and  flowers  ?  We  have  seen  everything. 
We  have  been  very  contented,  but  my  sisters  have  been  very 
naughty;  they  have  taken  some  fruit  which  the  gardener  had 
put  into  a  little  basket  for  Josephine.    When  the  neighbor  came 


—     41     — 

(is  come),  he  said  (has  said)  to  my  sisters:  you  are  naughty; 
you  have  taken  the  fruit  which  was  for  your  cousin  (/.).  My 
sisters  have  wept,  and  (they)  have  been  very  sad.  Your  neigh- 
bor is  an  honest  man;  he  has  always  been  the  friend  of  those 
who  are  virtuous. 

103.  Indicative  Mood,  Present  Tense,  Negatively. 

ne — pas,  not}  no 

je  ne  suis  pas,  I  am  not  je  n'ai  pas,  /  have  not 

tu  n'es  pas,  thou  art  not  tu  n'as  pas,  thou  hast  not 

il  n'est  pas,  he  is  not  il  n'a  pas,  he  has  not 

nous  ne  sommes  pas,ive  are  not  nous  n'avons  pas,  we  have  not 
vous  n'etes  pas,  you  are  not  vous  n'avez  pas,  you  have  not 
ils  ne  sont  pas,  they  are  not  ils  n'ont  pas,  they  have  not 

II  n'a  pas  d'argent.  He  has  no  money. 
Ils  n'ont  pas  de  livres.  They  have  no  books. 
Je  ne  suis  pas  malade.  Tu  n'es  pas  content,  tu  n',as  pas 
assez  de  bontes  pour  tes  amis.  Mon  frere  n'est  pas  heureux, 
il  n'a  pas  d'amis.  Ma  so3ur  n'est  pas  applique'e,  elle  n'aime  pas 
le  travail.  On  n'est  pas  vertueux,  lorsqu'on  n'aime  pas  ses  pa- 
rents. Nous  ne  sommes  pas  tristes,  nous  n'avons  pas  perdu  nos 
livres.  Vous  n'etes  pas  appliques,  vous  n'avez  pas  fait  (done) 
vos  themes.  Yos  freres  ne  sont  pas  paresseux,  ils  n'ont  pas 
pleure.  Yos  sceurs  ne  sont  pas  mechantes,  elles  n'ont  pas  pris 
mes  plumes.  Les  homines  qui  sont  me'chants,  ne  sont  pas  heu- 
reux. Ceux  qui  n'ont  pas  fait  leur  theme,  sont  paresseux.  Je 
ne  suis  pas  venu  avec  votre  frere;  je  n'ai  pas  lu  le  livre  que 
vous  avez  lu.  Beaucoup  de  livres  ne  sont  pas  utiles. 

104.  I  am  not  rich,  but  I  am  contented.   I  have  not  drunk  of 
this  wine.   Thou  art  not  the  first  in  (of)  the  class,  and  (thou)  hast 
not  done  -\made)  the  best  exercise.     This  town  is  not  pleasant. 
This  dog  is  not  faithful.     Our  neighbor  has  not  bought  this 
house.     We  are  not  poor,  we  have  not  sold  our  gardens.     You 
are  not  unhappy,  you  have  not  lost  your  relatives.   These  exer- 
cises are  not  difficult.     These  houses  are  not  high.    My  friends 
have  not  found  their  father;  they  are  not  gone  to  Mr.  Mably's. 
Tour  sisters  have  not  done  their  exercises,  they  are  not  diligent. 


—    42     — 

105.          Masculine.  Feminine. 

cruel  cruelle,  cruel,  farce 

mortel  mortelle,  mortal 

immortel  immortelle,  immortal 

las  lasse,  tired 

bas  basse,  loiv 

gros  grosse,  large 

vif  vive,  lively 

actif  active,  active 

neuf  neuve,  new 

ne — pas,  not,  no  ne — plus,  not  more,   no  more, 

no  longer 
ne— point,  not  at  all,  no        ne— jamais,  not  ever,  never 

il  n'aime  pas,  he  does  not  like 

il  n'aime  point,  he  does  not  like  at  all 

ce  n'est  pas,  this  (it)  is  not 

ce  ne  sont  pas,  these  (they)  are  not 

il  n'y  a  pas,  there  is,  (there  are)  not 

le  corps,  the  body  la  chevre,  the  goat 

1'ame  (f.),  the  soul  la  brebis,  the  sheep 

1'hyene  (J.),  the  hyena  si,  so,  if;  aussi,  also,  as 
La  brebis  est  un  animal  utile.  La  brebis  n'est  pas  si  vive 
que  la  chevre.  Les  chevres  sont  des  animaux  tres-vifs.  Le 
corps  est  mortel,  mais  Tame  est  immortelle.  L'hyene  est 
cruelle;  le  tigre  n'est  pas  si  cruel  que  1'hyejne.  Ma  cousine 
n'est  pas  active;  elle  fait  peu  de  plaisir  a  ses  parents.  Cette 
pauvre  femme  est  lasse.  Ces  animaux  sont  tres-gros.  Yous 
avez  la  une  grosse  pomme.  La  maison  du  jardinier  est  tres- 
basse.  Toutes  les  maisons  de  cette  ville  sont  basses.  Mon 
.  chapeau  est  neuf.  Cette  corbeille  n'est  pas  neuve.  Je  n'ai 
point  de  domestique:  Jean  est  parti,  et  Henri  n'est  pas  encore 
arrive'.  Guillaume  n'est  plus  chez  moi.  Mon  pere  nra  pas  de 
domestiques.  Ce  n'est  pas  bien  fait.  Ce  ne  sont  pas  vos  gants, 
ce  sont  les  miens.  Ce  n'est  pas  votre  chapeau,  c'est  celui  de 
mon  frere.  II  n'y  a  pas  de  fruit  dans  ce  jardin.  Mon  oncle 
n'est  pas  si  riche  que  mon  voisin:  il  n'a  pas  tant  de  chevaux. 


—    43     — 

106.  All  men  are  mortal.    These  animals  are  very  fierce. 
Are  you  tired,  (my)  children  ?  I  am  not  yet  tired,  but  my  sister 
is  very  tired.     My  shoes  are  new,  but  my  boots  are  not  new. 
This  child  is  very  lively,  but  his  sister  is  not  so  lively.     Our 
servant  is  an  idle  man,  but  our  maid-servant  is  very  active. 
Our  servants  (f.)  are  not  so  active  as  yours.    This  letter  is  not 
well  written:  it  is  not  so  well  written  as  thy  sister's  (that  of 
thy  sister).     Thy  cousin  is  very  naughty;  he  has  no  friends. 
This  is  not  my  cousin,  it  is  the  friend  of  my  cousin.    Where  are 
my  stockings?    They  are  not  thine,  they  are  my  brother's 
(those  of  my  brother).  We  have  been  at  (chez)  the  gardener's; 
fre  have  never  had  more  pleasure.     My  father  is  richer  than 
^ur  neighbor;  but  he  is  not  so  rich  as  the  banker. 

107.  Masculine.  Feminine. 

beau,  bel  belle,  beautiful,  fine 

npuveau,  nouvel  nouvelle,  new 

vieux,  vieil  vieille,  old 

doux  douce,  sweet,  gentle 

faux  fausse,  false,  treacherous,  insincere 

frais  fraiche,  fresh,  new 

sec  seche,  dry 

blanc  blanche,  white 

long  longue,  long 

bel,  nouvel,  vieil  are  used  instead  of  beau,  nouveau,  vieux, 

before  a  vowel  or  silent  h. 

la  fourchette,  the  fork          1'habit  (in.),  the coat,dress,  garment 
la  main,  the  hand  un  cheveu,  a  single  hair 

Tencrierfm.;,  theinkstand   les  cheveux  (m.),  the  hair 

Voila  un  bon  couteau  et  une  bonne  fourchette.  Mes  cou- 
teaux  sont  aussi  bons  que  les  votres,  mais  vos  fourchettes  sont 
meilleures  que  les  miennes.  Mon  mouchoir  est  blanc;  cette 
toile  n'est  pas  si  blanche.  Mon  gant  est  sec,  mais  votre  cra- 
vate  n'est  pas  encore  seche.  Ce  jardin  est  long.  Ma  soeur  a 
les  cheveux  tres-longs.  Vos  mains  ne  sont  pas  si  longues  que 
les  miennes.  Donnez-moi,  s'il  vous  plait,  du  pain  frais.  Avez- 
vouz  de  Feau  fraiche  ?  Voila  un  beau  chateau.  Ces  chateaux 
sont  tr6s-beaux.  Vous  avez  la  une  belle  fleur.  Get  homme 
est  deja  vieux.  Sa  femme  est  vieille  aussi.  Ce  vin  n'est  pas 


—    44    — 

doux.  Ces  poires  sont  plus  douces  que  ces  pommes.  J'ai  re<ju 
un  nouveau  livre  et  une  nouvelle  plume.  Le  chat  est  faux,  mais 
la  brebis  n'est  pas  fausse.  Yoici  un  bel  homtne.  J'ai  un  nouvel 
encrier.  Get  homine  a  un  vieux  chapeau  et  un  vieil  habit. 

108.  My  mother  has  bought  a  dozen  knives  and  forks.    The 
ham  which  you  have  received,  is  not  fresh,  but  this  mustard  is 
fresh.     Mr.  Mably  is  very  handsome;  his  sister  is  still  more 
handsome;  she  has  the  most  beautiful  hair  in  (ol)  the  world. 
These  lemons  are  dry,  but  these  pears  are  still  drier.     Henry 
has  given  (to)  my  brother  an  apple  which  is  very  sweet.     Our 
old  servant  (f.)  is  ill.     Francis  has  received  a  new  penknife 
and  a  new  watch.     My  letter  is  not  so  long  as  thine.     These 
girls  are  very  gentle.     Thy  sisters  are  not  so  insincere  as  thy 
cousins  C/J. 

109.  Singular.  Plural. 

quel  (m.),  quelle  (f.)    quels  (raj,  quelles  (f.),  which,  what 

le  temps,  the  time,  weather  depuis,  since,  ago 

1'heure  (fj,  the  hour,  time  (of  day)  midi,  mid-day,  noon 

1'age  (m.),  the  age  minuit,  midnight 

le  quart,  the  quarter  quinze  jours,  a  fortnight 

tard,  late  moins,  less 

demi  (m.),  demie  (fj,  half 

midi  et  demi,  half  past  twelve  (mid-day) 

une  heure  et  demie,  halfimst  one 

quelle  heure  est-il ?  what  o'clock  is  it  ?  tvhat  time  is  it  ? 

huit  heures  et  quart,  a  quarter  past  eight 

onze  heures  moins  vingt  (minutes),  twenty  minutes  to  eleven 

cinq  heures  et  dix  (minutes),  ten  minutes  after  Jive 

il  y  a  six  mois,  six  months  ago 

il  y  a  un  an,  a  year  ago 

quel  age  avez  vous?  how  old  are  you  (tvhat  age  have  you)? 

j'ai  seize  ans,  /  am  sixteen  years  old  (I  have  sixteen  years). 

Quel  livre  as-tu  perdu  ?    Quelle  plume  as-tu  la?    De  quel 
iardinier  as-tu  .-ec,u  ces  pommes?  A  quelle  pauvre  femme  as-tu 


—    45     — 

donnd  ton  pain  ?  A  celle-ci.  Chez  quel  marchand  avez-vous 
achete  cette  belle  toile  ?  Chez  notre  voisin.  Dans  quels  livres 
avez-vous  lu  ?  Dans  ceux-ci.  Quelle  heure  est-il  ?  II  est  six 
heures;  il  n'est  pas  encore  tard.  A  quelle  heure  6tes-vous 
arrives?  Nous  sommes  arrives  a  neuf  heures  et  quart;  a 
onze  heures  moins  un  quart.  Ma  sreur  est  arrivee  a  midi;  a 
midi  et  demi.  Yotre  oncle  est  parti  depuis  trois  mois,  et  votre 
tante  depuis  six  mois.  Quel  age  a  votre  cousin  ?  II  a  seize 
ans,  mais  ma  cousine  n'a  pas  encore  douze  ans.  Combien  de 
temps  avez-vous  &£  a  Philadelphie  ?  J'ai  ete  neuf  mois  a  Phila- 
delphie,  et  quinze  mois  a  Baltimore.  Je  suis  arrive  il  n'y  a  pas 
encore  quinze  jours.  J'ai  vu  votre  frdre  a  Westpoint  il  y  a 
trois  semaines;  il  est  grand  et  gros. 

1 10.  What  knife  hast  thou  found  ?    What  flowers  hast  thou 
there  ?  On  what  table  hast  thou  laid  my  penknife  ?  What  shoe- 
maker has  made  thy  shoes?    At  (chez)  what  bookseller's  hast 
thou  bought  these  pencils  ?     In  what  towns  hast  thou  been  ? 
To  what  merchants  have  you  written?     What  time  is  it?    It  is 
one  o'clock  (one  hour);  it  is  not  yet  half-past  one  (one  hour 
and  a  hall).     Tell  me,  if  you  please,  what  o'clock  it  is.    It  is  a 
quarter  to  eleven.     At  what  hour  did  you  arrive  (are  you  ar- 
rived) ?     At  midnight.     Where  is  your  cousin?     He  has  been 
(is)  at  St.  Louis  for  (since)  three  months.    How  long  were  you 
(have  you  been)  at  Rochester?    We  were  a  fortnight  at  Ro- 
chester.    How  old  are  you  ?    I  am  twenty  years  old,  and  my 
brother  sixteen  (years).     Your  father  is  very  old. 

111.  Indicative  Mood,  Imperfect  Tense,  Negatively. 

je  n'etais  pas,  /  was  not  je  n'avais  pas,  /  had  not 

tu  n'etais  pas,  thou  wast  not  tu  n'avais  pas,  thou  hadst  not 

il  n'etait  pas,  he  was  not  il  n'avait  pas,  he  had  not 

nous  n'etioiis  pas,  we  ivere  not  nous  n'avions  pas,  we  had  not 

vous  n'etiez  pas,  you  were  not  vous  n'aviez  pas,  you  had  not 

ils  n'e'taient  pas,  they  were  not  ils  n'avaient  pas,  they  had  not 

alte,  gone  revcnu,  returned, 

sorti,  gone  out  arrive',  arrived 

parti,  gone  away,  set  out,  de-  rc^^remained,  stayed,  stayed 
parted,  started  behind 


—     46     — 

fl  est  sorti,  he  is  gone  out 
elle  est  sortie,  she  is  gone  out 
ils  sont  sortis,  they  are  gone  out  (m.) 
elles  sont  sorties,  they  are  gone  out  (f.) 
dormi,  slept 

Vous  dtiez  sorti  ee  matin,  lorsque  je  suis  arrive*.  Vous 
n'6tes  pas  venu  a  huit  heures;  il  etait  plus  tard.  Mon  frere 
n'etait  pas  sorti,  il  n'avait  pas  encore  fait  ses  themes.  J'etais 
malade  hier;  je  n'avais  pas  assez  dormi.  Ales  sceurs  n'etaient 
j)as  allees  avec  moi ;  elles  n'avaient  pas  encore  e'crit  leurs 
lettres.  Lorsque  j'etais  a  Chicago,  je  n'avais  pas  tant  d'amis 
qu'aujourd'hui;  je  n'dtais  pas  si  content.  Vous  n'etiez  pas  si 
actif,  vous  n'aviez  pas  tant  d'affaires.  Mon  cousin  et  moi, 
nous  etions  autrefois  plus  heureux  qu'a  present.  Quelle  heure 
dtait-il  lorsque  votre  pere  est  parti  ?  II  n'etait  pas  encore  onze 
heures.  Mes  cousines  n'e'taient  pas  encore  sorties.  J'ai  envoy e 
la  servante  chez  le  cordonnier;  je  n'avais  plus  de  souliers.  Qucl 
age  avait  votre  frere,  lorsqu'il  etait  a  Philadelphie  ?  II  avait 
dix  ans;  dix  ans  et  demi. 

112.  Have  you  slept  well  ?    I  have  not  slept  well.   You  were 
not  here  yesterday.     We  were  gone  out.     We  had  no  more 
business.     These  gentlemen  were  not  so  rich  formerly,  and 
these  ladies  had  not  so  many  friends  (f.).     Thou  wast  not  so 
contented  formerly;   thou  hadst  not  so  much  pleasure  as  at 
present.   At  noon  my  brothers  had  (were)  not  yet  arrived:  my 
parents  had  not  yet  received  any  (de)  letters.     Have  you  been 
ill?    We  have  not  been  ill;  we  did  (are)  not  come,  because  we 
had  not  time.  At  what  hour  did  they  arrive  (are  they  arrived)  ? 

113.  je  n'ai  pas  etd,  I  have  not  been,  Iivas  not 
tu  n'as  pas  dte,  thou  hast  not  been 

il  n'a  pas  ete',  he  has  not  been 
nous  n'avons  pas  eld,  we  have  not  been 
vous  n'avez  pas  die,  you  have  not  been 
ils  n'ont  pas  dte,  they  have  not  been 

In  the  same  manner  conjugate: 

je  n'avais  pas  ete\  i  had  not  been. 


_    47    — 

personne— ne,  no  one         rien— ne,  nothing 
Personne  n'a  trouvd  la  bourse,     No  one  has  found  the  purse. 
.Je  n'ai  trouve  personne,  I  have  found  no  one. 

Rien  n'est  plus  agreable,  Nothing  is  more  agreeable. 

Je  n'ai  rien  perdu,  /  have  lost  nothing. 

depuis  quand  ?  since  when,  how  long  ? 

Depuis  quand  est-il  ici?  How   long   has  he  been  here 

(since  when  is  he  here)? 

Depuis  quand  sont-ils   ici  ?          How  long  have  they  been  here 

(since  when  are  they  here)? 

II  y  a  longtemps  que  je  suis  ici.  )  f  ^  ^  her&  a  ,        ^ 

Je  suis  ici  depuis  longtemps.     ) 

que,  that  le  succes,  the  success 
J'ai  etd  ce  matin  chez  mon  oncle,  ou  j'ai  trouvd  monsieur 
Rougemont  que  je  n'avais  pas  vu  depuis  trois  ans.  Vous  n'avez 
pas  ete  hier  dans  le  jardin  de  votre  tante.  11  y  a  longtemps 
que  je  suis  chez  cette  bonne  fern  me.  Mes  enfant  s  n'ont  pas 
ete  malades.  Nous  n'avons  jamais  ete  dans  cette  ville.  Mon 
frere  n'a  jamais  ete  plus  content  qu'aujourd'hui.  Mon  fils,  tu 
n'as  pas  ete  applique,  tu  n'as  pas  i'ait  tes  themes.  Mes  enfants, 
vous  n'avez  pas  ete  sages,  vous  avez  mange  tout  mon  fruit. 
Nous  n'avons  rien  mange,  nous  n'avons  pas  e'te  dans  votre 
chambre.  Personne  n'a  e'te'  ici;  personne  n'a  pris  vos  pommes. 
Rien  n'est  plus  beau;  vous  n'avez  rien  pi-is,  vous  n'avez  vu  per- 
sonne, et  mes  pommes  ne  sont  plus  dans  ma  boite.  Depuis  quand 
6tes-vous  ici  ?  II  n'y  a  pas  longtemps  que  nous  sommes  ici. 

114.  Nobody  is  more  unhappy  than  this  young  man.  He  is 
never  contented,  he  has  no  friends,  he  loves  no  one.  Hast  thou 
seen  my  uncle  ?  He  has  not  yet  been  at  my  father's.  We  have 
not  been  long  in  (at)  Washington.  You  have  not  been  fortunate 
in  your  business,  you  have  not  had  much  success.  Your  brothers 
have  not  been  so  unfortunate,  they  have  sold  much.  Thou 
hast  not  been  diligent,  thou  hast  done  nothing.  I  have  done 
nothing  because  I  am  ill.  How  long  hast  thou  been  ill  ?  (Since 
when  art  thou  ill  ?)  Since  jresterday.  Thy  sisters  have  not  been 
idle,  they  have  done  everything.  This  poor  child  has  eaten 
nothing.  My  brothers  have  written  nothing. 


—     48     — 

Indicative  Present,  Interrogatively  and  Negatively. 

ne  suis-je  pas?  am  I  not?  n'ai-je  pas?  have  I  not? 

ife.s-tii    pas?  art  thou  not?  n'as-tu  pas?  hast  thou  not? 

u'est-il  pas?  is  he  not?  n'a-t-il  pas?  has  he  not? 

ne  sommes-nous  pas?    are  we  n'avons-nous   pas?     have  we 

not?  not? 

n'etes-vous  pas?  are  you  not?  n'avez-vouspas?  haveyounot? 

ne  sont-ils  pas?    are  they  not?  n'ont-ils  pas?  have  they  not? 

In  the  same  manner  conjugate: 

n'etais-je  pas?  was  I  not9  n'avais-je  pas?  had  I  not? 

n'ai-je  pas  ete  ?  have  I  not  been  f  n'ai-je  pas  eu  ?  have  I  not  had  ? 

n'avais-je  pas  ete?  had  I  not  been?        n'avais-je  pas  en?  had  I  not  had? 

Y  a-t-il  longtemps  que  vous          Have  you  been  here  long? 

etes  ici  ? 
N'y  a-t-il  pas  longtemps  que      Have   not  your  sisters   been 

vos  soaurs  sont  ici  ?  here  long? 

Ne  suis-je  pas  tres-heureux  ?  N'ai-je  pas  beaucoup  de  plai- 
sir?  N'es-tu  pas  content?  N'as-tu  pas  assez?  N'est-il  pas  en- 
core venu  ?  N'a-t-il  pas  ecrit  ?  N'est-elle  pas  aimable  ?  N'a-t-elle 
pas  beaucoup  de  bonte's  pour  moi  ?  Ne  sommes-nous  pas  ap- 
plique's? N'avons-nous  pas  fait  beaucoup  de  themes?  N'etes- 
vous  pas  les  amis  de  mon  cousin?  N'avez-vous  pas  connu  mon 
oncle?  Yoila  mes  freres;  ne  sont-ils  pas  tres-las?  N'ont-ils 
pas  trouve'  leurs  amis?  Yoila  aussi  mes  soeurs;  ne  sont-elles 
pas  tristes  ?  N'ont-elles  pas  perdu  leurs  livres  ?  N'etais-jc  pas 
autrefois  l'homme  le  plus  heureux  du  mondc?  N'avait-il  pas 
toujours  les  plus  beaux  chiens  ?  N'etions-nous  pas  plus  riches 
que  nos  voisins?  N'avez-vous  jamais  et^  a  San  Francisco? 
N'aviez-vous  pas  encore  vu  cette  ville  ?  N'ai-je  pas  dtd  souvent 
dans  cette  maison?  Depuis  quand  n'astu  pas  ete  chez  mon 
oncle?  N'a-t-il  jamais  ete  dans  notre  jarilin  ?  N'avez-vouspas 
etd  mediants  ?  N'ont-ils  pas  ete'  les  premiers  ?  N'ont-elles  pas 
ete'  les  dernieres  ?  N'avions-nous  pas  toujours  e"te  les  D!US  actifs ? 
Y  a-t-il  longtemps  que  ces  dames  sont  ici  ? 

116.  Have  (am)  I  not  come?  Hast  thou  no  bread?  It  is 
not  yet  time.  Has  he  said  nothing  ?  Have  we  no  more  pears  ? 
Are  you  the  servants  (m.)  of  my  uncle  ?  There  arc  mv  children; 


—    49     -— 

have  they  not  cried  ?  Wast  thou  Yiot  here  yesterday  ?  Had  he 
not  watered  his  flowers  ?  Were  we  never  together  ?  Had  you 
never  seen  these  birds?  There  are  your  sisters;  have  they  not 
been  a  long  time  in  New  York  ?  Hast  thou  not  been  to-day  at 
the  physician's ?  Has  he  not  had  my  penknife  this  morning? 
Have  we  not  always  been  at  your  uncle's?  Have  you  not  yet 
eaten  cherries  ?  Have  you  never  been  in  this  house  ?  Had  you 
not  lost  your  parents,  when  you  were  at  London  ?  Have  you 
not  yet  been  to  (at)  Brooklyn? 

117.  Indicative  Mood,  Future  Tense, 

je  serai,  /  shall  or  ivill  be 
tu  seras,  thou  shalt  or  wilt  be 
il  sera,  he  shall  or  will  be 
nous  serons,  we  shall  or  will  be 
vous  serez,  you  shall  or  will  be 
ils  seront,  they  shall  or  will  be 

j'aurai.  /  shall  or  will  have 

tu  auras,  thou  shalt  or  wilt  have 

il  aura,  he  shall  or  will  have 

nous  aurons,  we  shall  or  will  have 

vous  aurez,  you  shall  or  will  have 

ils  auront,  they  shall  or  will  have 

demain,  to-morrow  raisonnable,  reasonable 
Seras-tu  aujourd'hui  dans  ton  jardin  ?  Auras-tu  des  affaires  ? 
Nous  aurons  beau  temps.  Yous  n'aurez  pas  la  visite  de  ces 
messieurs.  A  quelle  heure  serez- vous  chez  votre  oncle  ?  Quel 
age  a  votre  frere  ?  II  aura  dix  ans  dans  peu  de  jours.  Ou 
seront  demain  vos  sceurs  ?  Elles  ne  seront  pas  encore  a  Wash- 
ington. Quand  vous  serez  a  Saratoga,  vous  aurez  beaucoup 
de  plaisir.  -  Si  vos  cousines  sont  parties,  elles  auront  beau 
temps.  Dans  trois  jours  je  serai  chez  mes  parents.  Nous 
serons  contents,  quand  nous  aurons  rec,u  cet  argent.  Ma  soeur 
sera  contente,  quand  elle  aura  fait  son  theme.  Dites  au  domes- 
tique  que  je  serai  dans  ma  chambre.  Tu  auras  cet  oiseau, 
quand  tu  seras  applique.  N'aurai-je  pas  aussi  ce  beau  canif  que 
mon  pere  a  achete'  ?  Yous  aurez  un  chapeau  neuf,  et  vos  soeurs 


—     50     — 

auront  une  douzaine  de  mouchoirs.  Ma  cousine  ne  sera  plus  si 
triste,  qiuind  clle  aura  vu  ses  parents.  Ces  enfants  auront  e*t6 
tres-sages.  Ils  auront  cu  beaucoup  de  plaisir. 

118.  I  shall  have  some  pears  and  apples  to-morrow.     I  shall 
always  be  diligent.     You  shall  have  (sing.)  some  paper,  ink, 
and  pens,  when  you  are  (shall  be)  reasonable.     My  sister  will 
nave  three  pairs  of  stockings,  and  two  pairs  of  gloves.     Shall 
we  have  some  vinegar,   flour,  and  cheese  to-day?     Will  you 
always  be  as  happy  as  you  (it)  are  to-day  ?    Will  you  not  often 
have  a  visit  from   your    friends?      When  wilt   thou   receive 
(auras-tu)  thy  new  boots?    These  children  will  be  tired.    Your 
sisters  will  not  be  so  unhappy  as  I.     The  soldiers  will  have  no 
more  generals.     Our  gardener  will  have  no  more  flowers;  he 
will  be  very  sad. 

119.  Conditional. 

je  serais,  /  should  or  would  be 
tu  serais,  thou  shouldst  or  wouldst  be 
il  serait,  lie  should  or  would  be 
nous  serious,  u-e  should  or  would  be 
vous  seriez,  you  should  or  would  be 
ils  seraient,  they  should  or  loould  be 

j'aurais,  /  should  or  would  have 
tu  aurais,  thou  shouldst  or  ivouldst  have 
il  aurait,  he  should  or  would  have 
nous  aurions,  ive  should  or  would  have 
vous  auriez,  you  should  or  would  have 
ils  auraient,  they  should  or  ivould  have 

sij'avais,  if  I  had  sij'etais,  if  I  were 

si  j'avais  eu,  if  I  had  had      si  j'avais  dtd,  if  I  had  been 

II  est  alle"  chez  mon  frere.     He  is  gone  to  my  brother's. 

Je  serais  plus  heureux,  si  j'avais  des  livres  et  des  amis. 
J'aurais  plus  de  plaisir,  si  mes  cousins  ^taient  ici.  Tu  ne  serais 
pas  si  riche,  si  tu  n'avais  pas  fait  tant  d'affaires.  Charles 
n'aurait  pas  trouve  son  pere,  s'il  dtait  arrive'  un  peu  plus  tard. 
Louise  ne  serait  pas  si  triste,  si  elle  avait  ces  belles  fleurs-ci. 


—    51     — 

Nous  ne  seriong  pas  encore  yenus,  si  nous  n'avions  pas  rec,u 
une  lettre  de  notre  pere.  Beaucoup  d'hornmes  seraient  plus 
heureux,  s'ils  dtaient  plus  actifs.  Ces  fillcs  nc  seraient  pas  si 
me'chantes,  si  elles  n'avaient  pas  perdu  leur  mere.  Si  tu  avais 
eu  des  amis,  tu  aurais  etc  plus  content.  S'il  avait  eu  de  1'ar- 
gent,  il  aurait  achete  ces  couteaux.  Si  je  n' avais  pas  e'te  chez 
le  mddecin,  je  serais  tres-malade.  Si  vous  aviez  e'te  plus  sage, 
vous  n'auriez  pas  ete  malheureux.  Si  je  n'avais  trouvd  per- 
sonne,  je  serais  alle  chez  mon  oncle.  Si  nous  n'avions  rien  fait, 
nous  aurions  e'te  tres-paresseux.  Mon  pere  a  dit  quo  nous 
aurions  demain  un  autre  domestique.  Ma  mere  a  dent  qu'elle 
serait  dans  deux  jours  a  Boston  si  le  temps  etait  beau. 

120.  Wouldst  thou  be  contented  if  thou  hadst  all  these  flowers  ? 
Godfrey  would  not  have  bought  that  dog,  if  he  had  not  received 
some  money.  Matilda  would  not  have  (be)  departed,  if  she 
had  been  ill.  If  we  had  not  so  many  friends,  we  should  have 
little  pleasure.  "Would  you  not  have  been  very  naughty  if  you 
had  taken  these  knives?  These  parents  would  not  be  so  happy 
if  their  children  were,  not  so  diligent  and  modest.  No  one 
would  have  been  richer  than  our  neighbor,  if  he  had  not  had 
so  much  ill  fortune  (maUieurs).  These  (this)  people  would  not 
be  so  unhappy  if  they  (il)  had  more  money.  We  should  have 
(be)  gone  to  our  aunt's  if  the  weather  had  been  fine.  This 
shoemaker  would  not  be  so  poor  if  he  were  not  so  idle.  My 
cousins  would  not  have  been  so  sad  if  they  had  received  the 
letters  from  their  father. 

121. 

Votrc  frere  est-il  malade  ?  7s  your  brother  ill? 

Sa  soeur  n'est-elle  pas  venue  ?  Has  (is)  not  his  sister  come? 

Vos  soeurs  sont-ellcs  arrivdes  ?  Have  (are)  your  sisters  arrived? 

Ces  enfants  ont-ils  ete  sages?  Have  these  children  been  good? 

Co  chien  est-il  fidele  ?  Get  dcu  n'est-il  pas  faux  ?  Monsieur 
Sicard  n'est-il  pas  encore  arrive?  Vos  enfants  sont-ils  malades? 
J3ettc  chemise  n'est-elle  pas  tres-blanche  ?  Yotre  voisin  a-t-il 
requ  den  lettres  de  son  fils  ?  La  camp_agne  n'est-elle  pas  plus 


—    52    — 

agreeable  que  la  ville  ?  Louise  n'a-t-elle  pas  6te*  plus  applique*e 
que  Josephine?  Votre  tante  n'avait-elle  pas  autrefois  un  graud 
commerce  ?  Votre  oucle  n'etait-il  pas  le  plus  riche  libraire  de 
lavillc?  Ce  marchand  nc  veud-il  pas  aussi  de  la  toile  ?  Ces 
arbres-ci  ne  sont-ils  pas  plus  hauts  que  ceux-lu  ?  Ces  maisous- 
la  nc  sont  elles  pas  plus  belles  que  celles-ci?  Votre  cousin 
n'aura-t-il  pas  des  bottes  neuves  ?  Ta  cousine  ne  sera-t-elle  pas 
tres-triste,  quand  sa  mere  sera  partie  ?  Depuis  quand  votre 
fils  est-il  a  Albany  ?  Votre  soeur  a-t-elle  bien  dormi  cette 
nuit  ?  Cette  chambre  ne  sera-t-elle  pas  trop  petite  ?  Ces  bas 
seront-ils  assez  longs  ?  Ces  chaises  ne  seront-elles  pas  un  peu 
basses?  Ces  messieurs  ne  seraient-ils  pas  tres-riches,  s'ils 
avaient  toujours  ete  aussi  actifs  qu'a  present?  Marie  sera 
toujours  sage  et  appliquee. 

122.  Is  this  child  ill?    Is  this  exercise  difficult?    Is  not  the 
moon  smaller  than  the  sun?     Are  not  these  flowers  more 
beautiful  than  mine  ?     Has  your  neighbor  sold  his  house  ?    Do 
these  meadows  belong  to  the  neighbor  of  our  aunt  ?  Was  your 
cousin  at  Baltimore  yesterday  ?  Were  not  these  children  always 
more  diligent  than  ours  ?  Has  Charles  been  at  the  shoemaker's  ? 
Has  the  shoemaker  made  a  pair  of  shoes  for  Henry  ?  Have  not 
these  girls  been  very  diligent  ?     How  long  is  it  since  your  ser- 
vant went  out?  (since  when  is  your  servant  gone  out?)     Will 
these  gentlemen  always  be  the  first?  Would  these  ladies  always 
be  the  first  ?  Would  not  these  ladies  have  been  very  sad  if  they 
had  lost  their  children  ?    Shall  we  have  a  lesson  to-day  ?     Has 
John  found  his  book  ? 

123.  parler,  to  speak,  talk;  parle,  spoken 

Indicative  Present. 

je  parle,  /  speak  parle-je?  am  I  speaking? 

tu  paries,  thou  speakest  parles-tu  ?  art  thou  speaking? 

il  parle,  he  speaks  parle-t-il?  is  he  speaking? 

nous  parlons,  ice  speak  parlons-nous  ?  are  we,  speaking? 

vous  parlez,  you  speak  parlez-vous  ?  are  you  speaking? 

ils  parlent,  they  speak  parlent-ils  ?  are  they  speaking? 


—     53      - 

je  ne  parle  pas,  I  am  not  speaking 
ne  parle"-je  pas  ?   am  I  not  speaking? 

chereher,  to  seek,  look  for        penser,  to  think 
aimer,  to  love,  like  que  ?  what  ? 

Ic  bien,  the  good,  that  which  is  right 

In  English,  the  Present  Tense  may  be  expressed  in  three  different  ways; 
namely,  I  speak,  I  am  speaking,  I  do  speak;  in  French,  there 
is  only  one  form  for  the  Present  Tense ;  as:  je  parle. 

Quo  cherchez-vous  ?  Moi,  je  cherche  ma  plume,  et  mon 
fr6ro  cherche  son  craj'on.  Nous  cherchons  notre  chien.  Ces 
enfants  cherchent  leurs  livres.  Que  pensez-vous  do  ma  soaur  ? 
Je  pense  qu'elle  est  tres-malade.  Avez-vous  pense  a  mon  canif  ? 
Tu  pcns^s  que  nous  avons  perdu  tout  notre  argent.  Nous 
pensons  tous  Ics  jours  a  nos  amis.  Vous  no  pensez  jamais  a 
vos  affaires.  Les  riches  ne  pensent  pas  aux  malhcurs  des 
pauvres.  J'aime  ton  frere.  Aimes-tu  aussi  mon  cousin  ?  Ma 
mere  aime  Charles  etGodefroi;  elle  parle  toujours  de  Mathilde 
et  de  Louise.  Dieu  aime  les  hommes  qui  font  le  bien.  Nous 
aimons  les  enfants  du  medecin;  nous  parlous  souvent  du  plaisir 
que  nous  avons  eu  dans  leur  jardin.  Vous  n'aimez  pas  les 
fleurs,  vous  ne  parlez  jamais  de  votre  jardin.  Les  bons  enfants 
aiment  leurs  parents.  Ces  meres  sont  heureuses;  elles  parlent 
avec  plaisir  de  leurs  enfants. 

124.  I  am  always  thinking  of  (to)  my  sister.  If  thou  lovest 
thy  parents,  thou  wilt  be  happy.  Thy  cousin  is  looking  for  her 
bonnet.  Our  gardener  is  always  speaking  of  his  son.  I  do  not 
love  (the)  naughty  children.  We  are  not  speaking  of  these 
girls,  but  of  those.  I  have  never  spoken.  Have  I  not  spoken 
well  ?  Thou  speakest  too  much,  my  friend.  Sensible  men  usually 
speak  little,  but  they  think  much.  Hast  thou  thought  of  my 
books  ?  I  did  not  think  (have  not  thought)  that  thou  wouldst 
be  here.  What  art  thou  looking  for?  I  am  looking  for  my 
watch.  No  one  has  taken  thy  watch,  it  is  on  the  table.  Do 
you  like  (the)  coffee  ?  We  do  not  like  (the)  coffee,  but  we  like 
(the)  chocolate.  My  cousins  (f. )  like  (the)  coffee  and  (the)  milk. 


—     54     — 

Indicative  Imperfect. 

parlais,  /  spoke,  ivas  speaking,  used  to  speak 
tu  parlais,  thou  spokest,  wast  speaking,  etc. 
il  parlait,  he  spoke,  icon  sneaking,  etc. 
nous  parlioiis,  u-c  spoke,  were  speaking,  etc. 
vous  parliez,  you  spoke,  were  speaking,  etc. 
ils  parlaieiit,  they  spoke,  icere  speaking,  etc. 

parlais-je?  was  I  speaking? 

je  ne  parlais  pas,  /  was  not  speaking 

ne  parlais-je  pas  ?  ivas  I  not  speaking? 

quand,  when        intelligent,  intelligent 

In  English,  the  Imperfect  Tense  may  be  expressed  in  four  different  ways; 
as:  I  spoke,  I  was  speaking,  I  used  to  speak,  I  did  speak. 

£n  Frouch,  there  is  only  cue  form  for  the  Imperfect  Tense;  as:  je  parlais. 

Autrefois  j'aimais  lo  jcu,  mais  a  present  j'aime  les  livres. 
Tu  n'aimais  pas  les  fleurs,  tu  parlais  toujours  de  tes  chiens  et 
de  tes  chats.  Ton  cousin  cherchait  encore  son  chapeau,  lorsque 
nous  sorames  partis.  Isous  parlions  souvent  a  votre  oncle, 
lorsque  vous  e"tiez  a  Boston.  Mcs  fils  n'aimaient  pas  les  affaires; 
ils  e"taient  toujours  paresseux.  Si  vous  ne  parliez  pas  si  souvent, 
vous  seriez  plus  airaables.  Notre  voisin  serait  tres-riche,  s'il 
aimait  plus  le  travail.  Ces  demoiselles  seraient  plus  contentes, 
si  elles  ne  cherchaient  pas  le  bonheur  dans  les  plaisirs  du  monde. 
Si  je  n'aimais  pas  mes  parents,  je  serais  tres-inechant.  Henri 
et  moi,  nous  n'aimions  pas  les  faux  amis;  nous  cherchions 
toujours  ceux  qui  dtaient  fiddles.  Louise  ct  Marie  pensaient 
toujours  au  jeu;  clles  ne  parlaicnt  jauiais  do  livres.  Si  j'avais 
vu  mon  canif  ici,  je  n'aurais  pas  cherche*  si  longtemps. 

120.  I  formerly  liked  this  young  man:  he  was  always  so  modest 
and  so  intelligei/t;  he  spoke  little,  but  very  well;  and  he  always 
sought  friends  who  liked  books  more  than  wine.  We  were  often 
together,  we  never  thought  of  play.  What  were  you  looking 
for  yesterday,  when  I  was  talking  with  my  father?  I  was 
looking  for  my  hat,  which  I  had  lost.  I  should  not  have  looked 


—    55     — 

so  long  (si  longtemps),  if  thy  brother  had  (was)  not  come.  Thy 
mother  and  mine  are  talking  together.  The  cat  has  taken  the 
meat.  The  merchant  whom  you  were  looking  for  to-day, 
has  been  here.  Who  is  the  young  man  that  was  speaking 
with  my  father  this  morning  ?  He  is  a  bookseller  who  wa« 
formerly  very  rich;  but  he  liked  pleasure  and  wine  too  much; 
he  is  now  very  poor. 
127.  Indicative  Future. 

je  parlerai,  /  shall  or  will  speak 
tu  parleras,  thou  sha.lt  or  wilt  speak 
il  parlera,  he  shall  or  will  speak 
nous  parleroiis,  ice  shall  or  will  speak 
vous  parlerez,  you  shall  or  will  speak 
ils  parleroiit,  they  shall  or  will  speak 

Conditional. 

je  parlerais,  /  should  or  would  speak 
tu  parlerais.  thou  shouldst,  etc. 
il  parlerait,  he  should,  etc. 
nous  parlerions,  we,  should,  etc. 
vous  parleriez,  you  should,  etc. 
ils  parleraieiit,  they  should,  etc. 

laborieux  (mj,  laborieuse  f/J,  industrious 
Je  parlerai  aujourd'hui  a  monsieur  Brown,  qui  est  arrive* 
avec  sa  soeur.  Penserez-vous  a  mes  affaires  ?  Je  penserai  a 
vos  atfaires  et  aux  miennes.  Ne  chercherez-vous  pas  le  canif 
quo  vous  avez  perdu  hier?  Nous  chercherons  plus  tard  en- 
semble. Tu  no  penseras  plus  a  moi,  quand  tu  seras  a  Rich- 
mond. Ce  jeune  homme  est  tres-laborieux :  il  a  beaucoup 
d'argerit.  Ces  messieurs  penseront  plus  souvent  a  leurs  plaisirs 
qu'a  leurs  affaires.  Si  je  parlais  aussi  bien  que  vous,  je  parle- 
rais plus  souvent.  Si  tu  avals  des  livres  utiles,  tu  nepenserais 
plusau  jeu.  Mon  pere  n'aimerait  pas  ce  jeune  hornme,  s'il 
n'e"tait  pns  si  modeste.  Nos  cousins  sont  alles  chercher  leurs 
amis;  nous  chercherions  aussi  les  notres,  s'ils  n'etaient  pas 
partis.  Vous  penseriez  plus  souvent  a  vos  livres,  si  vous  etiez 
plus  applique's.  Ces  jeunes  demoiselles  n'aimeraient  pas  tant 
leg  plaisirs.  si  elles  avaient  moins  d'amies. 


—     56     — 

128.  Wilt  thou  speak  to  thy  cousin  to-day?  I  will  not  speak 
to  my  cousin  to-day.     Thou  wilt  look  for  thy  brother  a  long 
time;  he  is  not  here.    Will  he  think  also  of  my  books?    We 
shall  often  speak  of  this  town.     You  will  love  these  pleasures 
no  more.    These  children  will  look  for  their  mother.     I  should 
speak  to  the  physician  if  I  were  ill.     Thou  wouldst  not  like 
this  dog  if  he  were  not  so  faithful.    Our  servant  (f.)  would 
think  of  everything  if  she  were  not  so  idle.    We  would  not 
seek  another  servant  if  Louisa  were  industrious.     If  you  had 
put  your  boots  on  the  table,  you  would  not  have  looked  for 
them  so  long  (looked  so  long).     These  gentlemen  would  not 
love  pleasure  so  much,  if  they  had  less  money. 

129.  chanter,  to  sing  louer,  to  praise 
jouer,  to  play  oublier,  to  forget 
blarner,  to  blame  travailler,  to  ivork 

dcouter,  to  listen,  listen  to 

la  chanson,  the  song  la  guitare,  the  guitar 

le  violon,  the  violin  le  maitre,  the  master 

la  flute,  the  flute  le  cahier,  the  copy-book 

appris,  learnt  pendant,  during,  for 

le  soir,  the  evening 

Mon  frere  joue  du  violon  et  de  My  brother  plays  on  (of)  the 
la  flute.  violin  and  on  (of)  the  flute. 

Votre  frere  a  chante'  une  belle  chanson,  il  chante  tres-bien. 
Chantez-vous  aussi?  Je  ne  chante  pas;  mais  mes  freres  chan- 
tent  tous.  Vous  avez  oubli£  mon  cahier;  vous  oubliez  tout. 
Voila  mes  sceurs;  elles  jouent  avec  leurs  amies.  Plus  tard  nous 
jouerons  aussi.  Ces  cnfants  ont  jou<5  hier  ensemble.  Le  niaitrc 
a  beaucoup  blame*  Emilie;  il  a  dit  qu'elle  ne  travaillait  pas, 
qu'elle  jouait  toujours  ct  qu'elle  oubliait  tout.  Les  enfunts 
sages  e*coutcnt  Icur  maitre.  Si  vous  ne  travaillcz  pas,  vous 
sercz  toujours  pauvrcs.  Adolphe  n'a  pas  appris  sa  leqon;  il 
est  paresseux.  Le  maitre  blame  les  enfants  paresscux,  mais  il 
lone  ceux  qui  sont  applique's.  Nous  ne  lotions  pas  votre  ?o?ur. 
parce  qu'elle  est  tres-me'chante.  Votre  frere  joue-t-il  du  violon  ? 
Mon  frere  joue  du  violon,  et  mes  cousins  jouent  de  la  flute. 


—    57     — 

Travaillerez-vous  ce  soir?  Nous  ne  travaillerons  pas  ce  soir. 
Chanteras-tu  aujourd'hui?  Mes  soeurs  ehanteront.  Autrefois 
je  chantais  plus  souvent,  mais  je  ne  travaillais  pas. 

130.  Who  has  sung  this  beautiful  song  ?  It  is  my  sister  who 
has  sung  this  song.  We  have  listened  with  pleasure.  Docs 
your  sister  sing?  She  (has)  learned  singing  (a  chanter)  for  six 
months.  Do  you  play  (of)  the  violin  ?  My  brother  plays  the 
violin;  but  my  sister  and  I  (we)  play  the  guitar.  Do  your 
brothers  also  sing?  My  brothers  sang  formerly  very  well,  but 
now  they  no  longer  sing.  The  teacher  blamed  thy  cousin 
Charles  yesterday,  but  he  praised  thy  cousin  Mary.  Has  thy 
brother  worked  to-day  ?  He  has  worked  tEis  morning,  and  he 
will  work  again  this  evening.  We  would  not  work  so  long,  if  we 
had  not  so  much  business.  Hast  thou  forgotten  my  penknife? 
I  have  forgotten  nothing;  there  is  also  thy  copy-book  and  (thy) 
pen.  Thy  brother  forgets  everything,  he  will  forget  his  exercises. 

131. 

donner,  to  give  preter,  to  lend 

porter,  to  carry,  wear       pleurer,  to  weep 
couter,  to  cost.  demeurer,  to  live,  dwell 

trouver,  to  find,  meet  with,  like 

le  drap,  the  cloth  noir,  black 

le  tailleur,  the  tailor          excellent,  excellent 

pourquoi?  why?  comment,  how 

Combien  ce  drap  coute-t-il?  j  _ 

Combien  coute  ce  drap  ?       {  How  much  doe8  thls  cloth  cosi? 

Je  ne  cherche  pas  mon  cahier.  Tu  ne  donnes  rien  an.x 
pauvres.  Cet  enfant  pleure,  il  n'a  pas  de  pain.  Nous  trou- 
vons  toujours  des  amis,  quand  nous  sommes  riches.  Vous  por- 
tez  toujours  des  habits  noirs.  Combien  coute  le  drap  de  votre 
habit?  Ou  avez-vous  achete  ce  beau  canif?  Comment  trouvez- 
v6us  ce  vin  ?  Je  trouve  quo  ce  vin  est  excellent.  Pourquoi 
pleurez-vous  ?  Nous  ne  pleurons  pas.  Ou  portez-vous  ce  drap? 
Nous  portons  ce  drap  chez  le  tailleur.  Ou  demenrez-vous  ?  Je 
demeure  chez  mon  oncle.  Messieurs  Barton  ne  demeurent  plua 


—    58    — 

ici.  Je  pr6terai  raon  livre  a  votre  frere,  s'il  a  perdu  le  sien. 
Vous  ne  trouverez  jamais  le  temps  long,  si  vous  aiinez  le  travail. 
Ces  enfants  plcureront  bcaucoup,  quand  leur  mere  sera  partie. 

132.  What  did  (have)  these  cups  cost?    What  tailor  has 
made  this  garment?     Where  does  he  live?    Why  do  you  not 
work?    Who  has  found  this  knife?    Of  (chez)  whom  did  you 
buy  (have  you  bought)  this  cloth  ?     Why  didst  thou  weep  yes- 
terday ?    How  did  he  like  this  wine  ?     How  many  trees  wilt 
thou  give  to  the  gardener  ?    To  whom  will  you  lend  this  book  ? 
Have  those  gentlemen  lived  long  here?  (See  Ex.  115.)    Does 
thy  sister  always  wear  black  stockings?     How  long  did  you 
wear  (have  you  worn)  that  large  hat?    WouWst  thou  give  thy 
violin  for  this  flute  ?     Did  this  guitar  cost  twenty  francs  ?    Will 
thy  brother  carry  all  these  books?     Is  this  fruit  good?    How 
much  will  this  house  cost? 

133.  finir,  to  finish;  fini,  finished 

Indicative  Present. 
je  finis,  I  finish,  do  finish,  am    nous  finissons,  we  finish,  do 

finishing  finish,  are  finishing 

tu  finis,  thou  finishest,  etc.  vous  fmissez,  you  finish,  etc. 
il  finit,  fie  finishes,  etc.  ils  finissent,  they  finish,  etc. 

punir,  to  punish  obdir,  to  obey 

salir,  to  soil,  dirty  choisir,  to  choose 

batir,  to  build  remplir,  to  fill,  fulfil,  do 

le  devoir,  the  duty  le  ruban,  the  ribbon, 

Get  enfant  obdit  a  sa  mere.       This  child  obeys  (to)  his  mother. 

J'obdis  a  mes  parents.  Tu  choisis  les  meilleurs  fruits. 
Mon  voisin  batit  trois  maisons.  Nous  remplissons  nos  devoirs 
avec  plaisir.  Pourquoi  ne  punissez-vous  pas  vos  enfants,  quand 
ils  sont  me'chants?  Ces  messieurs  ne  remplisscnt  pas  leurs 
verres.  Je  ne  punis  jamais  ce  jeune  homme,  parce  qu'il  est 
toujours  bon.  Vous  avez  bien  choisi;  ce  ruban-ci  est  le  plus 
beau.  N'avez-vous  pas  encore  fini  ?  Ces  messieurs  ne  finissent 
jamais.  Si  vous  ne  finissez  pas,  je  parlerai  a  votre  pere.  Qui 
a  rempli  ces  deux  verres  ?  Pour  qui  sont  les  cadeaux  que  vous 


— .     59     - 

choisissez  ?  Pourquoi  ne  batissez-vous  pas  ?  Nous  ne  batissons 
pas,  parce  que  nous  n'avons  point  d'argent.  Yos  soeurs  ne 
sont  pas  sages;  clles  salissent  toujours  leurs  habits. 

134.  I  have  not  yet  finished  my  exercise.  Hast  thou  already 
finished  thine  ?  We  are  finishing  ours  now.  Why  do  you  not 
also  finish  yours?  My  sons  always  finish  their  exercises. 
The  teacher  punishes  those  who  do  not  obey.  We  always 
obey  (to)  our  teacher.  You  are  very  sensible;  you  do  your 
duty.  Who  has  soiled  this  copy-book?  Henry;  he  soils  every 
thing.  We  never  soil  our  copy-books.  Which  copy-book  hast 
thou  chosen  ?  I  have  not  yet  chosen.  I  choose  this,  and  my 
sister  chooses  that.  You  are  too  long  choosing.  Who  is  build- 
ing this  house?  It  is  the  bookseller  who  is  building  this  house. 
People  are  building  (On  bdtit)  much  in  this  city.  Is  this  bottle 
filled?  You  do  not  fill  the  bottles  well.  There  is  too  little 
water  in  this  bottle. 

135.  Indicative  Imperfect. 

je  finissais,  /  finished,  icas  finishing,  used  to  finish 
tu  finissais,  thou  finishedst,  wast  finishing,  etc. 
il  finissait,  he  finished,  was  finishing,  etc. 
nous  (missions,  loe  finished,  tvere  finishing,  etc. 
vous  finissiez,  you  finished,  were  finishing,  etc. 
ils  finissaient,  they  finished,  were  finishing,  etc. 

Charles  dtait  autrefois  tr&s-heureux:  il  chantait  toujours, 
il  jouait  avec  ses  amis,  mais  il  aimait  aussi  le  travail.  Nous 
e'tions  souvent  ensemble.  Nous  finissions  toujours  les  premiers 
nos  themes.  Le  maitre  etait  toujours  content,  et  il  ne  punissait 
jamais.  Nous  obdissions  a  nos  parents,  et  nous  dcoutions  nos 
maitres.  Jean  choisissait  les  meilleurs  livres,  et  Louise  cher- 
chait  les  plus  beaux  fruits.  Yous  parliez  souvent  de  vos  amis, 
et  vous  ne  salissiez  jamais  vos  habits.  Nos  freres  aimaient  les 
affaires  plus  que  les  plaisirs,  et  ils  punissaient  ceux  qui  ne  tra- 
vaillaient  pas.  Autrefois,  quand  nous  aimions  beaucoup  les 
cerises,  votre  mere  remplissait  toujours  nos  corbeilles.  Nous 
portions  une  partie  de  nos  fruits  aux  enfants  du  pauvre  menui- 
sier  qui  dcmcurait  dans  la  maison  de  notre  voisiu. 


—     60     — 

130.  If  you  obeyed  (to)  your  parents  you  would  be  happier. 
You  would  be  very  diligent  if  you  finished  (finissiez)  your  exer- 
cises to-day.  If  we  soiled  our  dresses, our  mother  would  blame 
the  servants  (f.).  These  gentlemen  would  find  more  pleasure 
if  they  fulfilled  their  duties.  It  would  be  (on  aurait)  wrong 
to  (of)  build  now.  It  would  be  right  to  (of)  choose  these  rib- 
bons. My  brother  would  be  very  idle  if  he  did  not  finish 
his  exercises  to-day.  You  would  be  very  diligent  if  you  filled 
these  bottles.  If  we  do  not  obey  (to)  our  teachers,  we  shall  be 
very  naughty.  lie  would  be  right  if  he  punished  thy  brother 
who  is  generally  so  idle. 

137.  Indicative  Future. 

je  finirai,  /  shall  or  will  finish 
tu  finiras,  tliou  slialt  or  wilt  finish 
il  finira,  he  shall  or  will  finish 
nous  finirons,  we  shall  or  will  finish 
vous  finirez,  you  shall  or  will  finish 
ils  finirOHt,  they  shall  or  will  finish 


Conditional. 

je  finirais,  I  should  or  would  finish 
tu  finirais,  thou  shouldst  or  wouldst  finish 
il  finirait,  he  should  or  would  finish 
nous  finirioiis,  we  should  or  would  finish 
vous  finiriez,  you  should  or  would  finish 
ils  finiraieiit,  they  should  or  would  finish 

la  salle,  the  room      si — ne,  if— not,  unless 

Quand  finirez-vous  votre  theme  ?  Je  finirai  tout  a  1'heure. 
Tu  saliras  ton  habit,  si  tu  portes  cette  corbeille.  Dieu  punira 
les  me'chants.  Nous  aurons  aujourd'hui  des  rubans,  nous  choisi- 
rons  les  plus  beaux.  Les  cnfants  sages  obe"iront  toujours  a 
leurs  parents.  Si  raon  frere  etait  ici,  je  finirais  mon  theme. 
Si  j'avais  de  1'argent,  je  hatirnis  nno  sallc.  Si  jc  batissais,  mon 
voisin  batirait  aussi.  Nous  ne  remplirions  plus  nos  verrcs,  si 
le  vin  n'e'tait  pas  si  bon.  Si  vous  portiez  cette  huile,  vous 
saliriez  vos  gants.  Je  n'aimerais^pas  ce  jeune  homme  s'il 


—     61     — 

n'obeissait  pas  a  ses  parents  et  a  son  maitre.  Mes  soeurs  ne 
choisiraient  pas  ces  chapeaux,  si  elles  ne  trouvaient  quo  ce  sont 
les  meilleurs.  Nous  aurions  choisi  ces  bas-ci,  s'ils  etaient  im 
peu  plus  longs.  Vous  auriez  fini  votre  theme,  si  vous  aviez 
toujours  travaille. 

138.  I  will  fill  thy  glass;  thou  hast  not  yet  drunk.     There  i? 
also  cheese  and  bread.     I  will  give  this  slice  of  ham  to  your 
little  Francis.     We  shall  finish  our  letter  this  evening.     Henry 
will  soil  his  clothes  if  he  carries  this  tree.  We  will  always  obey 
(to)  our  parents.  You  will  not  punish  this  young  man,  because 
he  has  done  nothing.  Will  you  also  build?  I  have  built  enough: 

I  will  not  build  (any)  more.   You  would  finish  to-day  if  you  were 
more  diligent.     We  would  fill  our  glasses  if  we  had  not  drunk 
enough.     You  would  obey  (to)  your  brother  if  you  were  more 
sensible.     My  neighbors  would  build  if  they  had  more  money. 

139.  vendre,  to  sell;  vendu,  sold 

Indicative  Present, 
je  vends,  /  sell,  am  selling 
tu  vends,  thou  sellest,  art  selling 
il  vend,  he  sell?,  is  selling 
nous  vendons,  we  sell,  are  selling 
vous  vendez,  you  sell,  are  selling 
ils  vendent,  they  sell,  are  selling 

le  prix,  the  price  vert,  green 

la  coulenr,  the  color  a  la  mode,   in  the  fashion, 

en,  of  it  fashionable 

fin  (m.),  fine  (f.),  fine          gros  (m.),  grosse  (f.),  coarse 
la  qualite,  the  quality 

Combien    vend-il  ce  drap  At  how  much  does  he  sell  this  cloth 

I'aune  ?  an  ell  (this  cloth  the  ell)  ? 

II  le   vend   vingt  francs  He  sells  it  at  twenty  francs  an 
1'aune.  ell  (twenty  francs  the  ell). 

Votre  oncle  vend  sa  maison.     Mon  oncle  ne  vend  pas  sa 
maison,  mais   il  vend  son  jardin.       Combien  vendez-vous   ce 


—    62    — 

drap  noir  1'aune  ?  Je  vends  ce  drap  quatorze  francs  Vaune. 
C'est  tres-cher.  Je  trouve  que  c'est  tres-cher.  Yoila  un  drap 
vert  qui  cst  aussi  beau  que  celui-la,  ct  qui  ne  coute  pas  autant. 
Ce  drap  est  tres-fin,  et  la  couleur  en  est  belle.  Combien  dites- 
vous  que  ce  drap-ci  coute?  Quel  est  le  dernier  prix  de  ce  drap  ? 
Nous  vendons  ce  drap  dix  francs  ct  dcmi  Faune.  Yous  vendez 
tres-cher.  Les  autres  marchands  de  la  ville  ne  vcndent  pas  si 
cher  que  vous.  Ce  drap  est  d'une  tres-bonne  qualite;  vous 
trouverez  qu'il  n'est  pas  trop  cher.  Nous  en  vendons  beaucoup 
de  cette  qualite';  ce  matin  nous  en  avons  vendu  vingt  aunes. 
Tons  ccux  qui  ont  achete  de  ce  drap  en  ont  e"te  tres-contents. 
Comment  trouves-tu  ce  drap,  Henri?  Je  trouve  que  ce  drap 
vert  est  plus  gros  que  ce  drap  noir.  Si  c'etait  pour  moi,  je 
choisirais  celui-ci.  Tu  as  raison.  Le  tailleur  a  dit  aussi  que 
le  vert  n'etait  plus  a  la  mode. 


140.  Where  are  these  beautiful  pencils  sold?     (Where  do 
people  sell,  etc.  ?)    Do  you  sell  penknives?  I  sell  nothing.    Thy 
brother  is  selling  all  his  birds.     We  are  also  selling  ours.    You 
are  selling  everything.      Are  your   sisters  also  selling  their 
books?     My  brother  is  not  selling  his  horse,  but  he  is  selling 
his  dog.     How  much  do  these  gloves  cost  ?    These  gloves  and 
stockings  together  cost  six  francs  and  a  half.  That  is  not  dear. 
Where  did  you  buy  (have  you  bought)  this  hat?     Does  your 
neighbor  also  sell  cloth?     Do  you  not  find  that  he  sells  too 
dear?    He  does  not  sell  his  cloth  dear:  he  sells  the  green  cloth 
at  ten  francs  an  ell.  This  cloth  is  fine,  but  that  is  coarse.    This 
is  good,  but  the  color  is  not  fashionable. 

141.  rendre,  to  give  back,  restore  attendre,  to  wait 
descendre,  to  descend,  come  down  perdre,  to  lose 
repondre,  to  answer,  reply  battre,  to  beat 

la  porte,  the  door  doucement,  softly,  gently,  slowly 

le  moment,  the  moment    venez,  come;  allez,  go,  are  going 
tout,  quite  vite,  promptement,  quickly 


—    63    — 

Je  perda  mon  temps.  Je  n'attends  pas  plus  longtemps. 
Pourquoi  ne  reponds-tu  pas  ?  Votre  fr6re  ne  descend-il  pas  ? 
Mon  frere  et  ma  soeur  descendent  en  ce  moment.  A  qui  esi 
ce  livre?  Pourquoi  ne  rendez-vous  pas  ce  livre?  Vous  battez 
toujours  mcs  sceurs;  elles  ont  beaucoup  pleure.  Ces  enfants 
perdcnl  leurs  plumes  a  tout  moment.  Ou  allez-vous  si  vite? 
Attendez  un  moment;  n'allez  pas  si  vite;  allez  tout  doucement. 
Venez,  il  est  deja  tard:  nous  n'attendons  pas;  nous  perdons 
trop  de  temps.  Venez  ici,  mes  cousins  attendent  a  la  porte. 
Nous  avons  attendu  plus  d'une  (than  an)  heure.  Que  fait 
votre  frere?  II  joue.  Combien  perdez-vous  aujourd'hui? 

142.  What  are  you  looking  for  ?    Have  you  lost  your  pen- 
knife?    You  lose  everything.    We  arc  looking  for  nothing;  we 
have  lost  nothing;  it  is  our  cousin  who  loses  everything.     He 
is  beating  (bat)  all  the  children.     When  I  (shall)  come  down 
I  will  speak  to  my  cousin  (m. ).     Where  are  you  going  now  ? 
You  are  not  going  too  quickly,  you  are  going  quite  slowly. 
Come  with  me.     Wait  a  little,  I  am  looking  for  my  hat.     Why 
do  you  beat  this  child  ?      He  has  done  nothing.     You  do  not 
answer;  you  are  very  naughty.    Give  me  back  my  pen,  cr  give 
me  yours.    WThy  do  you  not  wait?  We  are  waiting;  my  sisters 
are   also  waiting.       These  children  never  answer;  they  are 
always  losing  their  hate. 

143.  Indicative  Imperfect. 

je  vcndais,  /  sold,  loas  selling,  used  to  sell 
tu  vendais,  thou  soldest,  toast  selling  etc. 
il  vendait,  he  sold,  was  selling  etc. 
nous  vendioiis,  ive  sold,  were  selling  etc. 
vous  vendiez,  you  sold,  were  selling  etc. 
ils  vendaient,  they  sold,  were  selling  etc. 

Pourquoi  n'attendais-tu  pas  ?  J'avais  oublie  ma  montre. 
Nous  descendions  souvent  cette  montagne,  quand  nous  demeu» 
rions  chez  notre  oncle.  Autrefois  vous  aimiez  beaucoup  le  jeu, 
vous  perdiez  souvent  tout  votre  argent.  II  est  vrai,  je  perdais 
trop,  j'e'tais  tres-malheureux.  Je  trouvais  toujours  le  temps 
long;  je  n'avais  pas  assez  d'affaires.  Depuis  que  je  suis  ici,  je 


—     64     — 

ne  pense  plus  au  jeu.  Yotre  frere  airne  le  commerce;  il  6tait 
co  matin  a  la  porte  de  notre  maison,  et  il  vendait  son  petit 
chien  au  tils  du  libraire.  11  a  bien  fait;  tous  les  uiifants  bat- 
taient  ce  pauvre  animal.  Pourquoi  nc  repondie/-vous  pas, 
lorsque  mon  perc  etait  ici  ?  Je  ne  repondais  pas,  parce  que 
j'etais  trop  triste.  Mes  freres  descendaient  lorsquc  vous  parliez 
avec  mon  oncle. 

144.  Why  did  you  not  wait?    We  did  not  wait  because  we 
had  no  more  time.     Your  cousin  answers  very  well;  he  is  an 
industrious  young  man.     My  brothers  did  not  answer  so  well; 
they  did  not  like  work  enough.     Why  did  you  beat  this  child  ? 
I  beat  this  child  because  he  was  very  naughty.     Why  were  you 
coming  down  so  quickly  ?     The  general  had  come.     We  should 
lose  our  money  if  we  waited  longer.      If  you  gave  back  these 
flowers  to    your   cousin,   he  would  be  very  pleased.      Your 
sisters  would  be  very  sad  if  you  did  not  reply. 

145.  Indicative  Future. 

je  vendrai,  /  shall  or  will  sett 
tu  vendras,  thou  shalt  or  wilt  sell 
il  vendra,  he  shall  or  will  sell 
nous  vendrons,  we  shall  or  will  sell 
vous  vendrez,  you  shall  or  ivill  sell 
ils  vendroiit,  they  shall  or  will  sell 

Conditional. 

je  vendrais,  I  should  or  would  sell 
tu  vendrais,  thou  shouldst  or  wouldst  sell 
il  vendrait,  he  should  or  would  sell 
nous  vendrions,  ive  should  or  would  sell 
vous  vendriez,  you  should  or  ivould  sell 
ils  vendraient,  they  should  or  would  sell 

retourner,  to  return,  go  back  bientot,  soon 
As-tu  deja  r^pondu  a  la  lettre  de  ton  cousin  ?  Je  re'pondrai 
ce  soir  a  sa  lettre.  Vendrez-vous  votre  cheval  ?  Je  ne  vendrai 
pas  mon  cheval,  mais  mon  frere  vendra  le  sien.  Descendrez- 
nms  bientot  ?  Nous  ne  desccndrons  pas  encore.  Vos  sceurs 
descend  ront-elles?  Elles  attendront  encore  un  pon.  Je  n'atten- 


—    (55     — 

drai  pas  plus  longteraps.  Nous  attendrions  encore  un  inonieni. 
si  notre  frere  etait  ici.  Vous  .perdricz  beaucoup,  si  vous  ven- 
diez  votre  inaison.  Si  je  vendais  nion  chcvtil,  je  vendrais  aussi 
inon  chien.  Si  cc  jcime  homme  etait  plus  sage,  il  ne  battrait 
pas  son  domestique.  Si  nos  cousins  n'etaient  pas  malades,  ils 
repondraient  a  notre  lettrc.  Je  rctournerai  tout  a  1'heure. 

14(t.  When  will  you  answer  (reply  to)  the  letter  of  your 
brother?  I  have  already  answered  his  last  letter;  he  has  already 
received  two  of  my  letters.  He  will  answer  in  three  days. 
We  shall  lose  our  friend  Henry:  he  is  very  ill.  This  is  a  great 
misfortune  for  his  sister.  You  will  wait  for  your  father:  he 
has  not  yet  come.  Wait  a  moment,  we  will  go  back  together. 
We  would  wait  with  pleasure,  if  we  had  time.  You  would  lose 
your  time,  if  you  waited  longer.  These  gentlemen  would  not 
sell  their  horses,  if  they  had  not  lost  their  money. 

147.  lever,  to  lift,  raise 

Indicative  Present. 

je  leve,  /  raise  nous  levons,  ive,  raise 

tu  leves,  thou  raisest  vous  levez,  you  raise 

il  leve,  lie  raises  ils  levent,  they  raise 

Imperfect,      je  levais,        /  was  raising 
Future.         je  leverai,     /  shall  raise 
Conditional,  je  leverais,    /  should  raise 
e'lever,  to  bring  up,  educate        achever,  to  complete,  end 
mener,  to  guide,  lead,  bring       acheter,  to  buy 

appeler,  to  call,  name 

Indicative  Present. 

j'appelle,  I  call  nous  appelons,  we  call 

fu  appelles,  thou  callest       vous  appelez,  you  call 
il  appelle,  he  calls  ils  appellent,  they  call 

Imperfect,      j'appelais,  I  was  calling 

Future.         j'appellerai,       I  shall  call 
Conditional,   j'appellerais,     I  should  call 


jeter,  to  throiu,  throw  away 

je  jette,  /  throw  je  jetais,  I  was  throwing 

je  jetterai,  I  shall  throw     je  jetterais,  7  should  throw 


la  robe,  the  gown,  dress  la  pierre,  the  stone 

la  plante,  the  plant  lourd  (m.),  lourde  (f.),  heavy 

10  cheinin,  the  ivay,  road  faites,  make,  do 
1'ecole  (f. ),  the  school  1'eglise  (f.),  the  church 
eleve',  educated  leve,  lifted,  raised 

Ou  achetez-vous  vos  robes  ?  J'ache'te  mes  robes  chez  mon- 
sieur Henri,  et  ma  soaur  achdte  les  siennes  chez  notre  voisin. 
Ma  mere  achetora  aujourd'hui  une  paire  de  gants  pour  ma 
soeur.  Nous  acheterions  ces  plantes,  si  elles  n'etaicnt  pas  trop 
cheres.  Que  faites- vous  ?  J'achSve  mon  theme.  Nous  ache- 
verons  le  notre  ce  soir.  Quand  acheverez-vous  ce  theme  ? 
Appelle  ton  frere.  Ou  est-il  ?  Ou  menez-vous  cet  enfant  ?  Je 
mene  cet  enfant  a  1'ecole.  Ce  chomin  meno  a  1'eglise.  Cet 
enfant  est  tres-bien  eleve.  Cc  jeune  homme  est  tres-applique': 

11  mene  unc  vie  tres-active.     Yous  ne  leverez  pas  cette  pierre; 
elle  est  tres-lourde.     Votre  tante  dldve  bien  ses  erifants.     Ma 
m^re  est  malade;  nous  appellerons  le  medecin.     Comment  ap- 
pellc-t-on  cette  plante?  Jetez  cette  plume;  elle  n'est  pas  bonne. 
Je  jetterai  cette  lettre  au  feu;  elle  n'est  pas  bien  dcrite. 

148,  Why  did  you  not  complete  (have  you  not  completed) 
your  exercises  ?    I  shall  complete   my  exercises  to-morrow. 
Have  you  called  the  servant  (m.)t    The  servant  has  gone  out; 
I  will  call  the  maid-servant.     You  are  a  naughty  boy  (you  are 
naughty),  you  are  always  throwing  stones  into  our  garden.     I 
will  take  my  sisters  this  evening  to  my  uncle's.  *  These  gentle- 
men would  lead  a  botter  life  if  they  were  more  diligent.    I  have 
lifted  this  stone,  it  is  not  heavy.     My  brother  will  not  Hit 
this  stone.     These  mothers  bring  up  their  children  very  well; 
they  are  well  educated  children.     Your  father  will  buy  my 
uncle's  garden.     Who  has  thrown  this  stone  into  my  room? 

149.  pre'fe'rer,  to  prefer. 

Indicative  Present. 

je  preTere,  I  prefer  nous  preTdrons,  we  prefer 

tu  preTeres,  thou  preferrest       vous  preferez,  you  prefer 
il  preTere,  he  prefers  ils  preTerent,  they  prefer 


—     67     — 

Imperfect,     je  prdfdrais,  I  was  preferring,  I  preferred 

Future.        je  prefererai,  I  shall  prefer 

Conditional,  je  prdfererais,  I  should  prefer 

espdrer,  to  hope  moddrer,  to  moderate 

posseder,  to  possess  odder,  to  cede,  to  give,  to  yield 

exagdrer,  to  exaggerate  rdgler,  to  rule,  to  settle 

cdldbrer,  to  celebrate 

la  colere,  anger  la  fete,  the  feast,  birth-day 

la  passion,  the  love,  affection  chaque  amide,  each,  every  year 

le  defaut,  the  defect,  fault  ce  qui,  ce  que,  that  which,  which, 

la  fortune,  the  fortune  what 

la  place,  the  place  1'dcolier,  the  scholar 

J'espere  que  tu  trouveras  ton  livre.  Nous  espdrons  que 
nos  parents  arriveront  bientot.  Ma  sceur  espere  que  tu  n'ou- 
blieras  pas  son  cahier.  Ma  fortune  n'est  pas  tr6s-grande.  Les 
hommes  esperent  toujours.  Nous  cdlebrerons  demain  la  fete 
de  notre  pere.  Ces  dcoliers  cdlebrent  chaque  annde  la  f6te 
de  leur  maitre.  Je  prdfere  mes  livres  &  ceux  de  mon  cousin. 
Ma  mere  prdfere  le  the  au  cafe.  Nous  prefdrons  ce  violon  a 
cette  flute.  Mon  oncle  possede  beaucoup  de  jardins  et  de 
prairies.  Nous  possddons  une  tres-belle  maison.  Tout  ce  que 
je  possede,  est  a  vous.  Je  rdglerai  mes  affaires  et  les  votres. 
Moddrez  votre  co!6re.  Celui  qui  modere  ses  passions  est  heu- 
reux.  Je  cdderai  ma  place  a  ce  monsieur.  C'est  un  homme  qui 
exagdre  tout.  Vous  exagerez  les  defauts  de  cet  enfant. 

loO.  Have  you  celebrated  the  birth-day  of  your  aunt  to-day? 
We  celebrate  her  birth-day  every  year.  I  hope  that  we  shall 
yet  celebrate  this  day.  We  hope  that  my  brother  will  be  good. 
I  prefer  my  boots  to  yours.  Do  you  prefer  these  apples  to 
those  pears  ?  We  shall  always  prefer  our  duties  to  all  pleasures. 
You  exaggerate  every  thing.  We  exaggerate  nothing.  I  will 
give  my  dog  to  my  brother.  If  you  do  not  moderate  your 
anger,  you  will  be  unhappy.  This  man  was  formerly  very  rich; 
he  possessed  many  houses  and  much  land  (terres).  Now  he  is 
poor;  he  possesses  nothing.  You  formerly  possessed  nothing, 
and  now  you  possess  a  large  fortune. 


employer,  to  employ,  spend 

Indicative  Present. 

j'cmploie,  I  employ  nous  employ ons,  we  employ 

tu  emploies,  thou  employest       vous  employ ez,  yon  employ 
il  emploie,  he  employs  ils  emploient,  they  employ 

Imperfect    j'employais,          /  was  employing,  I  employed 
Future.       j'emploierai,        I  shall  employ 
Conditional,  j'emploierais,      1  should  employ 

envoy er,  to  send  payer,  to  pay,  pay  for 

nettoyer,  to  clean  essayer,  to  try 

aboyer,  to  bark  essuyer,  to  ivipe,  dry  up 

effrayer,  to  frighten. 

1'amitie'  (fj,  friendship  propre,  proper,  clean,  neat 
1'humeur,  (f~)t  temper     mordre,  to  bite 
la  dent,  the  tooth  la  jeunesse,  youth 

lalarme,   the  tear  la  faute,  the  fault,  mistake 

mauvais,  mauvaise,  bad 
volontiers,  willingly 

For  the  sake  of  euphony,  son  is  used  instead  of  sa  before  a  vowel  or  silent 
h,  as :  son  amitie  for  sa  amifie,  son  humeur  for  sa  humeur. 

Employez  bien  votre  temps.  Celui  qui  emploie  bien  son 
temps,  est  tres-sage.  La  mauvaise  humeur  de  mon  frere 
m'effraie.  Je  paie  tout  ce  que  j'achete.  Nous  pay  ons  sou  vent 
bien  cher  les  fautes  que  nous  avonsfaites.  Nous  cnvoyons  notre 
domestique  chez  votre  cousin.  Mon  pdre  paiera  tout  ce  que 
nous  avons  re9u.  Si  vous  ne  payez  pas  mon  cousin,  vous  per- 
drez  son  amitie'.  Nous  paieri ons  volontiers  votre  cousin,  si  nous 
avions  rec.ii  de  1'argent.  Mon  pere  a  perdu  ses  dents  dans  sa 
jeunesse.  Ma  chambre  n'est  pas  propre;  vous  ne  nettoyezja- 
mais  ma  chambre.  Mon  frere  nettoie  toujours  ses  habits. 
Pourquoi  ce  chien  aboie-t-il?  Les  chiens  qui  aboient,  ne  mor- 
dent pas.  Le  chien  de  notre  voisin  amordumon  frere.  Essayez 
cette  plume;  elle  est  tres-bonne.  ^"ous  n'avez  pas  essuyd  vos 
mains.  J'essuierai  ines  mains  a  mon  mouchoir.  Essuyez  vos 
larmes,  ne  pleurez  plus.  Vous  avez  effrayd  ces  enfants.  Mon 
frere  effraie  toujours  les  enfants. 


—    69    — 

L52.  If  you  do  not  employ  the  time  of  your  youth  well,  you 
will  not  be  happy.  My  sister  employs  her  money  well.  How 
do  you  spend  the  greater  part  of  your  time?  This  dog  barks 
the  whole  night.  A  dog  which  barks,  does  not  generally  bite. 
Clean  your  shoes.  You  have  not  yet  cleaned  your  teeth.  I  am 
sending  three  francs  to  this  poor  family.  You  send  nothing  to 
your  brother.  We  are  sending  a  basket  of  fruit  to-day  to  our 
sister.  Have  you  paid  the  gardener?  We  will  pay  the  gardener 
to-morrow.  Caroline  has  cried;  she  is  drying  up  her  tears. 
My  pen  is  not  good;  I  will  try  yours.  The  table  is  not  clean; 
you  never  wipe  the  table.  I  was  much  (tres)  frightened  be- 
cause I  had  lost  my  book.  We  have  paid  for  the  cloth  which 
we  have  received  from  the  tailor. 

153»  placer,  to  put,  place,  lay 

Indicative  Present. 

je  place,  I  place  nous  pla^ons,  we  place 

tu  places,  thou  placest  vous  placez,  you  place 

il  place,  he  places  ils  placent,  they  place 

Imperfect,      je  pla<jais,      /  was  placing,  I  placed 
Future.         je  placer ai,     /  shall  or  will  place 
Conditional,  je  placerais,    I  should  or  would  place 

commencer,  to  begin  rincer,  to  rinse 

effacer,  to  efface,  strike  out       prononcer,  to  pronounce 
avancer,  to  advance 


manger,  to  eat 
Indicative  Present. 

je  mange,  I  eat  nous  mangeons,  we  eat 

tu  manges,  thou  eatest  vous  mangez,  you  eat 

\\  mange,  he  eats  ils  mangent,  they  eat 

Imperfect,      je  mangeais,    /  was  eating 
Future.         je  mangerai,    /  shall  or  loill  eat 
Conditional,  je  mangerais,  I  should  or  would  eat 

corriger,  to  correct  changer,  to  change,  alter 

partager,  to  share,  divide         protdger,  to  protect 


—     70     — 

1'innocence  (f,),  innocence         le  latin,  Latin 

la  ligne,  the  line  autrement,  othenvise,  differently 

le  mot,  the  word  micux,  better 

1'etude  (f.),  the  study  outre,  between,  among 

1'anglais,  English  le  bien,  property,  estate,  fortune 

le  franqais,  French  1'appetit,  (m.)  the  appetite 

Vous  ne  prononcez  pas  bien  ce  mot.  Nous  pronongons  le 
franc,  a  is  micux  que  vous.  Mon  cousin  prononqait  tres-bien 
1'anglais.  Effacez  cctte  ligne.  Prononcez  ces  mots  autrement. 
L'etude  du  latin  est  tres-agreable.  Nous  placons  nos  livres  sur 
cette  table.  Pourquoi  avez-vous  efface  cette  ligne  ?  Nous 
n'effac,ons  jamais  un  mot.  Vous  n'avancez  pas  dans  vos  e'tudes. 
Autrefois  j'avangais  beaucoup  plus.  Nous  avanc/ms  tons  les 
jours.  Vous  n'avez  pas  encore  corrigd  les  fautes  de  votre 
theme.  Nous  ne  corrigeons  jamais  les  themes  de  notre  frere. 
Mon  oncle  a  partage  son  bien  entre  ses  enfants.  Nous  parta- 
geons  avec  nos  amis  tout  ce  que  nous  avons.  Mangerez-  vous 
un  peu  de  ce  fruit  ?  Je  ne  mangerai  rien  a  present,  je  n'ai 
pas  d'appetit.  Vous  protegez  toujours  ce  jeune  nomine.  Dieu 
protege  1'innocence.  Nous  protegeons  nos  amis.  Le  temps  a 
change.  Avez-vous  deja  commence  votre  lettre?  Je  commcri- 
cerai  dans  un  moment.  Je  n'ai  pas  encore  rince  les  verres. 


.  You  do  not  pronounce  well.  You  formerly  pronounced 
better.  The  French  pronounce  (the)  Latin  differently  from  us 
(otherwise  than  we).  Why  do  you  not  eat?  We  do  not  eat, 
because  we  have  no  appetite.  We  will  presently  eat  a  little  of 
this  ham.  Put  this  book  on  the  table.  We  will  place  every- 
thing on  this  chair.  I  have  not  yet  corrected  my  exercise. 
We  will  correct  ours  this  evening.  My  brother  formerly  cor- 
rected my  exercises.  We  will  share  this  apple  with  our  cousin. 
We  will  not  begin  to-day;  we  will  begin  to  morrow.  Do  not 
efface  these  two  lines.  Why  have  you  struck  out  this  word  ? 
The  weather  will  change.  This  gentleman  is  much  (bien) 
altered.  Why  do  you  not-  protect  this  girl  ?  We  protect  no 
one.  Have  you  already  rinsed  the  glasses?  We  are  now 
rinsing  the  glasses  and  cups. 


~  n  — 

155.  Singular.  Plural. 

moi,  /,  me  nous,  ice,  us 

toi,  thouf  thee  vous,  you 

lui,  lie,  him  cux  (m.),  they,  them 

elle,  she,  her  elles  (f.),  they,  them 

ceci,  this  avant,  &e/ore 

cela,  £/ia£  apres,  a/ter 

cnvers,  towards,  to  ingrat,  ungrateful,  unthankful 

centre,  against  ou,  or 

chez  moi,  to  or  a£  my  house      en,  m 

Venez  avec  moi.  Allez  avec  lui.  As-tu  ete  chez  moi?  Je 
n'ai  pas  ete  chez  vous.  Qui  a  ecrit  cette  lettre,  toi  ou  elle  ? 
Nous  avons  travaille  pour  vous.  Vous  etes  ingrat  envers  nous. 
Yotre  frere  est  arrive  avant  moi.  Vous  arriverez  apres  lui. 
Voila  ta  petite  soeur;  n'as-tu  rien  pour  elle?  Je  n'ai  pas  vu 
aujourd'hui  tcs  freres,  mais  j'ai  pense  a  eux.  Nous  n'avons  pas 
vu  vos  soeurs,  mais  nous  avons  pense  a  elles.  Vous  n'aimez 
pas  mon  frere,  vous  etes  toujours  centre  lui.  Nous  aimons 
beaucoup  votre  soeur;  nous  parlons  souvent  d'elle.  Je  pense 
toujours  a  toi,  mais  tu  ne  penses  jamais  a  moi.  Get  habit  est- 
il  pour  vous?  Cette  montre  est-elle  pour  toi?  Qui  a  pris  mon 
canif?  Moi.  C'est  toi  qui  as  pris  ma  plume.  Celui  qui  n'est 
pas  avec  moi,  est  centre  moi.  Ou  est  votre  petit  frere?  Ces 
fruits  et  ces  fleurs  sont  pour  lui.  Ou  est  la  pauvre  femme  ? 
Get  argent  est  pour  elle.  Ceci  est  pour  vous,  cela  est  pour 
nous.  A  qui  est  cela?  Ceci  est  a  moi,  et  cela  est  a  toi.  Don- 
nez-moi  de  ceci  ou  de  cela. 

136.  Thou  hast  not  thought  of  (to)  me.  We  have  often 
spoken  of  thee.  Thy  cousin  is  always  against  us.  Is  this  knife 
for  you?  Thy  sister  has  (is)  come  with  me.  Thy  cousins  have 
gone  away  before  us.  You  went  away  (are  gone  away)  after 
them.  For  whom  is  this  ?  Is  this  for  my  brother  ?  This  is  for 
thee,  and  that  is  for  him.  My  sisters  are  ill;  I  am  working  to- 
day for  them.  Our  neighbor  is  very  ungrateful  to  (envers)  us. 
Who  has  taken  my  pencil?  Thy  uncle  has  been  to  (chez)  us 
to-day. 


—    7 '2     — 

157.            Singular.  Plural, 

me,  we,  to  me  nous,  us,  to  us 

te,  thee,  to  thee  vous,  you,  to  you 

lui,  to  him,  to  her,  to  it         lour,  them,  to  them 
se,  himself,  herself,  itself       se,  themselves,  one  another 

le,  Mm,  #  les,  them 

la,  for,  #  les,  them 

Testampe  (f.),  the  engraving    montrer,  to  show 
la  bibliotheque,  the  library 

Je  te  donnerai  cette  plume,  si  tu  me  pretes  ton  crayon. 
Ou  est  votre  frere  ?  Nous  le  cherchons  depuis  une  heure;  or, 
il  y  a  une  heure  que  nous  le  cherchons.  Ta  soeur  est  tres- 
applique'e  ;  le  maltre  la  loue  toujours.  As-tu  vu  mon  cheval? 
Je  ne  1'ai  pas  encore  vu.  As-tu  ma  plume?  Non,  je  ne  1'ai 
pas.  Tu  ne  m'as  pas  dit  que  ton  frere  est  malade.  Mon  cousin 
t'a  pre'te'  une  plume.  Je  lui  ai  rendu  sa  plume.  Vous  ne  lui 
avez  pas  encore  dent.  Notre  jardiniere  est  heureuse;  son  fils 
lui  a  envoye  cent  francs.  Je  ne  vous  ai  pas  encore  montre  ma 
petite  bibliotheque.  Je  vous  montrerai  aussi  mcs  flours.  Votre 
fr6re  nous  a  dit  que  vous  aviez  beaucoup  de  livres  et  beaucoup 
de  fleurs.  Cos  estampes  sont  tre's-belles;  je  Jes  ai  reques  de 
mon  oncle.  Ou  avez-vous  achete'  ces  beaux  livres  ?  Je  ne  les 
ai  pas  achete's,  c'est  un  cadeau  de  ma  tante.  Vos  fibres  n'ai- 
ment  pas  les  livres;  ils  aiment  trop  le  jeu.  Je  leur  ai  souvent 
pretd  mes  livres. 

158.  I  love  thee,  and  thou  blamest  me.  Thy  brother  loves 
me,  but  thou  dost  not  love  me.  This  dog  is  not  faithful,  and 
I  do  not  like  him.  Where  is  thy  sister?  Her  mother  is  seeking 
her.  Where  have  you  been  ?  We  have  been  looking  for  you 
(one  seeks  you)  for  (depuis)  an  hour.  My  uncle  has  given  me 
a  beautiful  book.  I  had  written  (to)  him  a  letter.  Has  your 
aunt  been  here?  Yes,  I  have  told  (to)  her  that  you  are  ill. 
A  basket  of  fruit  has  been  sent  us  (one  has  sent  us. .  . .). 
Charles  will  carry  these  flowers  for  you;  he  will  give  them 


—     73     — 

to  your  gardener.  My  children  love  ''the)  flowers  very  much, 
I  will  give  them  those  which  are  in  my  room. 

159.         le  meme,  la  m6me        les  me'mes,  the  same 

je  crois,  I  believe 
Ces  enfants  s'aiment.     These  children  love  one  another. 

Que  cherches-tu?  As-tu  perdu  ton  canif?  Ne  le  trouves- 
tu  pas  ?  Ne  l'as-tu  pas  mis  dans  ta  boite  ?  Je  crois  que  mon 
cousin  1'a  pris.  Ton  cousin  ne  1'a  pas  pris.  Je  lui  ai  prete  le 
*nien.  II  m'a  rendu  ma  plume,  mais  il  ne  m'a  pas  encore  rendu 
mon  canif.  Je  ne  lui  preterai  plus  rien.  II  ne  rend  jamais  ce 
qu'on  lui  prete.  Ma  soeur  a  le  me'me  deTaut.  Quand  je  lui 
prete  un  livre,  elle  ne  le  rend  pas.  Nous  rendons  toujours  ce 
qu'on  nous  prete.  Je  vous  preterai  tout  ce  que  j'ai.  Mes  amis 
me  rendent  aussi  ce  que  je  leur  pr6te;  ils  m'ont  rendu  ce  matin 
le  crayon  que  je  leur  avais  prete  hier.  Le  pauvre  homme  est 
renu:  je  lui  donnerai  un  morceau  de  pain  blanc  et  un  verre  de 
biere.  Ma  cousine  m'a  dent.  Je  lui  ai  rdpondu  que  je  lui 
ach&terais  un  joli  chapeau.  si  elle  dtait  toujours  sage  et  appli- 
quee.  Ces  enfants  ne  s'aiment  pas,  ils  se  battent  toujours. 

WO.  My  sisters  are  always  giving  me  (some)  flowers.  Yon 
give  me  much  money.  The  teacher  never  praises  you;  you  are 
not  industrious.  I  have  received  the  book  which  you  (have) 
sent  me.  I  (have)  found  it,  when  I  came  (am  come).  If  you 
love  me,  I  will  also  love  you.  I  should  love  you,  if  you  were 
industrious.  If  you  find  my  dog,  I  will  give  you  five  francs. 
My  brother  is  in  (at)  London:  I  have  written  to  him,  but  he 
has  not  yet  replied  to  me.  Our  father  has  given  us  a  basket 
of  fruit  and  a  bottle  of  wine.  These  children  are  very  poor, 
some  bread  and  money  have  been  given  to  them  (one  has  given 
to  them,  etc. ).  My  uncle  has  given  me  every  thing  that  he  had 
(all  that  which  he  had). 

161.  Me  cherchez-vous  ?  M'avez-vous  oublie*  ?  Te  cherche- 
t-il?  T'a-t-il  donne*  des  pommes  ?  Le  trouvez-vous  ?  L'avez- 
vous  deja  vu  ?  Cette  maison  est-elle  a  vous  ?  La  vendez-vous? 
Ne  la  vendez-vous  pas  ?  Votre  fr6re  est-il  parti  ?  Lui 


—  u  — 

Vous  a-t  il  re'pondu?  Ne  hii  avez-vous  pas  encore  dcrit? 
Ne  vous  a-t-il  pas  encore  re'pondu?  Votre  sceur  est-elle  malade  ? 
Lui  avez-vous  acliete  du  sucre?  Vous  a-t-elle  parle  de  moi? 
Nous  attend-on?  Xous  a-t-on  envoy e  des  has  et  des  souliers? 
Vous  trouvcra-t-il  aujourd'hui?  Vous  a-t-il  parte  de  mon 
malheur?  A vcz-vous  oublie  vos  devoirs?  Les  remplissez-vous 
toujours?  No  les  avez-vous  pas  encore  remplis?  Avez-vous 
partf  a  mes  cousins  ?  Leur  avez-vous  rendu  le  livre  qu'ils  vous 
ont  pre'te'?  Ne  leur  avez-vous  pas  dit  que  nous  travaillons 
ensemble  ? 

162.  Wilt  thou  choose  me?    Will  he  find  thee?    Hast  thou 
told  him  tliat  we  are  here?    Is  he  contented ?    Will  he  buy  it? 
Hast  thou  read  it?     Has  he  punished  you?     Will  he  answer 
us  ?    Will  he  look  for  it  ?     Where  are  thy  books  ?     Hast  thou 
laid  them  on  the  table  ?  Where  are  my  shoes?    Who  has  taken 
them?   Have  (are)  your  brothers  come?   Have  you  given  your 
engraving  to  them?     Has  your  mother  sent  the  servants  (m.) 
to  them?    Is  the  maid-servant  ill?    Have  they  gone  for  (est-on 
alle  chercher)  the  physician?     Has  he  given  the  wine  to  him? 

163,  me  le,  it  to  me  nous  le,  it  to  us 

me  les,  them  to  me        nous  les,  them  to  us 
te  le,  it  to  thee  vous  le,  it  to  you 

te  les,  them  to  thee        vous  les,  them  to  you 

Je  vous  le  donne,  /  give  it  to  je  ne  vous  le  donne  pas,  1  do 

you  .  not  give  it  to  you 

vouslo  donnd-je?  do  I  give  it  ne  vous  le  donnd-je  pas  ?  do  1 

to  you?-  not  give  it  to  you? 


dcmander,    to  demand,   beg,      ddsirer,  to  desire,  ivish  for 

ask,  ask  for  refuser,  to  refuse 

conseiller,to  advise,recommend  deTendre,  to  defend,  forbid 
tu  promets,  thou  promisest 

Avez-rous  lu  le  livre  1    Votre  frere  me  le  donnera,  quand 
il  1'aura  lu.    Tu  fi«  detnandd  mon  camf;  je  te  le  preterai.  si  tu 


—    75    — 

promets  de  me  le  rendre.  Tu  m'as  pretd  hier  ta  plume;  je  te 
la  reiidrai  demain.  Le  jardinier  a  regu  les  fruits;  il  nous  les 
vendra.  Si  j'avais  re9u  les  livres,  je  vous  les  preterais.  Je 
n'ai  pas  chantd  aujourd'hui;  mon  pere  me  1'a  defendu.  Je  n'ai 
pas  encore  vu  tes  estampes.  Mon  frere  te  les  montrera.  Dites- 
moi  pourquoi  vous  etes  si  triste.  Je  vous  1'ai  ddja  dit.  Vous 
ne  me  1'avez  pas  encore  dit.  Je  ne  vous  1'avais  pas  encore 
demandd.  Que  me  conseillez-vous  ?  Je  ne  vous  le  conscille 
pas.  II  nous  le  refusera.  M'avez-vous  demandd  moncheval? 
Je  vous  1'ai  demandd,  mais  vous  me  1'avez  refusd.  Vous  ne 
nous  avez  pas  encore  paye  uotre  chien.  Je  ne  vous  le  paierai 
jainais.  Que  desirez-vous? 

164.  Where  is  my  book?   I  have  lent  it  to  thee.    I  will  return 
it  to  thee ;  I  have  lent  it  to  my  cousin.     If  you  wish  for  it,  he 
will  give  it  (to)  you  with  much  pleasure.  He  has  not  refused  it 
(to)  us:  he  never  refused  (to)  me  what  I  have  asked  (to)  him. 
I  would  not  recommend  it  to  you,  if  you  were  not  so  modest. 
Our  neighbor  has  received  many  flowers;  he  will  sell  them  to 
us.    I  have  seen  two  beautiful  dogs;  I  will  buy  them  for  you. 
We  will  not  play  to-day;  the  teacher  has  forbidden  us  (it  to  us). 
What  do  you  advise  me  ? 

165.  le  lui,  it  to  him  le  leur,  it  to  them 

les  lui,  them  to  him         les  leur,  them  to  them 

je  le  lui  donne,  I  give  it  to  je  ne  le  lui  donne  pas,  I  do  not 
him  give  it  to  him 

le  lui  donnd-je  ?  do  I  give  it  to  ne  le  lui  donnd-je  pas?  do  I  not 
him?  give  it  to  him? 


la  canne,  the  cane        promis,  promised        voulu,  wished 

Vous  m'avez  vendu  votre  encrler,  vous  ne  me  1'avez  pas 
pr6td.  Je  t'ai  pr£te  mon  livre,  je  ne  te  1'ai  pas  vendu.  II  m'a 
demande"  mon  canif ;  je  ne  le  lui  ai  pas  donnd.  Elle  t'a  demandd 
ton  crayon,  pourquoi  ne  le  iui  as-tu  pas  donnd?  Si  vous  m'a- 
viez  demande*  mon  chien,  je  ne  vous  1'aurais  pas  refusd.  Si 
mos  amis  me  demandent  mon  chcval.  je  ne  'e  leur 


—     76    — 

pas.  Mon  frere  m'a  demandd  ma  canne,  je  la  lui  donnerai. 
Vous  m'avez  promis  votre  oiseau,  mais  vous  ne  me  1'avez  pag 
doune.  Si  je  te  1'ai  promis,  je  te  le  donnerai.  Nous  aurona 
aujourd'hui  un  nouveau  cheval;  notre  pere  nous  1'a  promis. 
Mon  ami  donnera  un  petit  chat  a  mes  sceurs; 
promis  hier. 


My  son  has  asked  me  for  a  horse;  I  will  not  refuse  it 
(to)  him.  We  shall  have  a  new  inkstand  to-day;  my  mother 
has  promised  it  to  me.  The  gardener's  child  has  asked  you 
for  the  knife;  why  have  you  not  lent  it  to  him?  My  friends 
have  asked  you  for  this  book;  why  have  you  not  lent  it  to 
them?  Where  are  John's  boots?  At  the  shoemaker's;  the 
servant  will  bring  them  to  him  in  an  hour.  Who  has  given  a 
present  to  the  children  ?  My  aunt  has  given  it  to  them. 

167.  la  cuiller,  or  cuillerc,  the  spoon    la  sole,  the  silk 
la  prune,  the  plum  lire,  to  read 

Ou  est  mon  encrier?  Me  le  rendezvous?  Ou  est  mon 
livre  ?  Me  1'avez-vous  rendu  ?  As-tu  vu  mon  chapeau  de  soie? 
Te  l'ai-je  montrd  ?  Ton  pere  a  voulu  lire  ton  livre;  le  lui  as-tu 
donnd?  Nous  avons  achete  un  joli  canif  chez  le  libraire;  nous 
l'a-t-il  envoyd?  Ces  messieurs  demandent  votre  cheval;  le  leur 
avez-vous  promis  ?  Si  Francois  avait  une  canne,  te  la  prete- 
rait-il?  Ou  est  le  chapeau  de  ma  soeur?  Le  lui  avez-vous 
envoye"?  Vous  demandez  pourquoi  j'ai  pris  votre  couteau;  ne 
me  1'avez-vous  pas  vendu?  Get  enfant  salit  son  habit;  pour- 
quoi ne  le  lui  defendez-vous  pas?  Je  vous  ai  vendu  une  dou- 
zaine  de  fourchettes  et  trois  douzaines  de  cuillers;  ne  me  les 
paierez-vous  pas  ?  Tu  as  vendu  a  cette  dame  une  corbeille  de 
prunes;  ne  te  les  paiera-t-clle  pas?  Ma  mere  a  achete'  une 
robe  de  soie  pour  ma  soeur. 

168.  Where  is  my  hat?    I  gave  (have  given)  it  to  thee  yes- 
terday.   Thou  hast  refused  it  to  me.    You  had  a  beautiful  dog; 
you  have  sold  him  to  us.  These  children  have  a  beautiful  book, 
I  have  given  it  to  them.     He  has  lent  the  book  to  him,  he  has 
uot  sold  it  to  him.    You  have  not  promised  it  to  us.    These 


—    7T     — 

children  have  begged  a  book  of  (to)  me,  I  have  not  given  it  to 
them.  Why  do  you  not  give  us  the  inkstand  ?  Have  I  not 
promised  it  to  you?  You  have  not  promised  it  to  us.  If  I  had 
promised  it  to  you,  I  would  also  give  it  to  you.  Why  do  you 
not  pay  me  ? 

169. 

donnez-moi,  give  (to)  me  ne  me  donnez  pas,  do  not  give 

(to)  me 
donnez-le-moi,  give  it  to  me         ne  me  le  donnez  pas,  do  not 

give  it  to  me 
donnez-lui,  give  to  him,  to  her    ne  lui  donnez  pas,  do  not  give 

to  him,  to  her 

donnez-le-lui,  give  it  to  him,     ne  le  lui  donnez  pas ,    do  not 
to  her  give  it  to  him,  to  her 

Vous  avez  un  beau  canif;  donnez-le-moi.  Rendez-moi  le 
canif  que  je  vous  ai  prete.  Je  vous  ai  pr6td  deux  plumes; 
rendez-les-moi.  Mon  frere  a  demande  votre  crayon;  donnez-le- 
lui.  Vous  avez  pris  la  canne  de  mon  cousin;  rendez-la-lui. 
Yous  avez  achete  dcs  prunes  chez  cette  femme;  payez-les-lui. 
Yous  avez  une  belle  montre;  montrez-la-  nous.  Get  enfant  est 
mediant;  punisscz-lo.  Cette  femme  est  tres-pauvre;  donnez- 
lui  un  morceau  de  pain.  Yos  parents  sont  vos  meilleurs  amis; 
aimez-les  tonjours.  Ce  canif  n'ost  pas  bon;  ne  1'achetez  pas. 
Ma  canne  est  perdue;  ne  la  cherchez  plus.  C'est  1'encrier  de 
Guillaume;  ne  le  lui  rendez  pas.  Get  habit  est  trds-beau;  ne  le 
salissez  pas.  Remplissez  toujours  vos  devoirs;  ne  les  oubliez 
jamais.  Cette  fille  est  tres-sage;  ne  la  punissez  pas. 

170.  Thi5?  apple  is  very  good;  eat  it.  This  plum  is  not  good; 
do  not  eat  it.  This  book  is  very  useful;  lend  it  to  me.  Do  not 
lend  it  to  him.  Have  you  found  your  stockings?  look  for  them. 
Do  not  look  for  them.  Your  father  is  your  best  friend;  obey 
(to)  him  always;  love  him;  never  forget  him.  These  horses  are 
very  beautiful ;  sell  them  to  me.  These  flowers  belong  to  my 
sister;  give  them  back  to  her.  These  fruits  belong  to  the 
children  of  our  neighbor;  givo  them  back  to  them,  Do  not 
eat  them. 


—    78    — 

Reflective  Verb.     Indicative  Present. 

Affirmatively. 

sc  laver,  to  wash  one's  self 
je  me  lave,  I  luash  myself 
tu  te  laves,  thou  -washed  thyself 
il  se  lave,  he  washes  himself 
elle  se  lave,  she  washes  herself 
nous  nous  lavons,  we  wash  ourselves 
vous  vous  lavez,  you  wash  yourselves 
ils  se  lavent,  they  wash  themselves 
elles  se  lavent,  they  wash  themselves 

Interrogatively. 

me  lave-je  ?  do  I  wash  myself? 
te  laves-tu  ?  dost  thou  wash  thyself? 
se  lave-t-il  ?  does  he  wash  himself 
se  lave-t-elle?  does  she  wash  herself? 
nous  lavons-nous  ?  do  ive  wash  ourselves? 
vous  lavez-vous  ?  e?o  ?/OM  w/os/i  yourselves? 
se  lavent-ils  ?  do  Mey  ivash  themselves? 
se  lavent-elles  ?  do  they  wash  themselves? 
Negatively. 

je  ne  me  lave  pas,  /  do  not  wash  myself 
tu  ne  te  laves  pas,  thou  dost  not  wash  thyself 
il  ne  se  lave  pas,  he  does  not  ivash  himself 
elle  ne  se  lave  pas,  she  does  not  wash  herself 
nous  ne  nous  lavons  pas,  we  do  not  wash  ourselves 
vous  ne  vous  lavez  pas,  you  do  not  ivash  yourselves 
ils  ne  se  lavent  pas,  they  do  not  ivash  themselves 
elles  ne  se  lavent  pas,  they  do  not  wash  themselves 

Negatively  and  Interrogatively. 
ne  me  lave'-je  pas?  do  I  not  wash  myself? 
ne  te  laves-tu  pas  ?  dost  thou  not  wash  thyself? 
ne  se  lave-t-il  pas  ?  does  he  not  wash  himself? 
ne  se  lave-t-elle  pas  ?  does  she  not  ivash  herself? 
ne  nous  lavons-nous  pas  ?  do  we  not  wash  ourselves! 
ne  vous  lavez-vous  pas?  do  you  not  wash  yourselves' 
ne  se  lavent-ils  pas?  do  they  not  wash  themselves? 
ne  se  lavent-elles  pas?  do  they  not  wash  themselves? 


—    79    — 

se  tromper,   to  deceive   one's  se  rejouir,  to  rejoice,  to  be  re- 
self,  to  be  mistaken  joiced 

so  porter,  to  carry  one's  self,  se  promener,  to  walk,  take  a 

to  be  walk 

se  porter  bien,  to  be  ivell  se  reposer,  to  rest 

s'jimuser,  to  be  amused  se  hater,  to  make  haste,  to  hurry 

s'habiller,  to  dress  one's  self  s'appeler,   to  be  called,   to  be 
s'affliger,  to  grieve  named 

se  coucher,  to  go  to  bed  se  lever,  to  vise,  get  up 


la  mort,  death  la  journde,  the  day 

Comment  se  porte  monsieur  votre  pere?  or,  Comment 
monsieur  votre  pere  se  porte-t-il?  II  se  porte  tres-bien,  depuis 
qu'il  est  a  la  campagne.  Et  vous,  comment  vous  portez-vous? 
Je  me  porte  toujours  bien.  Mes  soeurs  ne  se  portent  pas  bien. 
Que  faites-vous  ?  Je  m'habille.  Vous  habillerez-vous  aussi  ? 
Nous  nous  habillerons  plus  tard.  Charles,  ne  te  laveras-tu  pas 
aujourd'hui?  Je  me  laverai  dans  un  moment.  Mon  oncle  arri- 
vera  ce  soir;  nous  nous  amuserons  bien.  Hatez-vous,  il  est 
tres-tard.  Je  me  rejouis  de  vous  trouver.  J'aime  celui  qui  se 
rejouit  du  bonheur  de  ses  amis.  Pourquoi  vous  affligez-vous? 
Je  m'afflige  de  la  mort  de  mon  cousin.  A  quelle  heure  vous 
levez-vous  ordinairement?  Je  me  leve  toujours  a  six  heures,  et 
je  me  couche  a  neuf  heures.  Mon  frere  se  16  vera  demain  a  tro's 
heures;  il  partira  pour  Baltimore.  Nous  nous  levons  plus  tard 
que  vous.  Autrefois  nous  ne  nous  levions  pas  si  tard.  Si  vous 
avez  fini  votre  th6me,  nous  nous  promenerons  un  peu.  Yous 
vous  promenez  toute  la  journee.  Venez  ici,  reposez-vous  un  peu. 
Comment  s  appelle  cejeune  homme?  II  s'appelle  Henri.  Et 
vous,  comment  vous  appelez-vous  ?  Je  m'appelle  Godefroi. 

172.  How  does  (Mrs.)  your  mother  do?  She  is  very  ill. 
How  do  your  brothers  do  ?  They  are  very  well.  At  what  hour- 
does  (Mr.)  your  father  go  to  bed?  He  goes  to  bed  at  ten 
o'clock,  and  rises  at  five.  At  what  hour  will  your  sisters  rise 
to-morrow?  They  will  rise  at  seven  o'clock.  My  brother  goes 


—     80     — 

to  bed  later  than  I.  Why  does  your  uncle  rise  so  late? 
We  will  rest  a  little.  When  you  have  (shall  have)  written  your 
exercise,  we  will  take  a  walk.  I  walk  every  day  in  my  aunt's 
garden.  What  is  your  neighbor  called?  What  is  your  friend 
called?  And  you,  what  are  you  called  ?  I  am  named  William. 
My  lather  and  mother  are  rejoiced  to  see  you.  I  am  rejoiced  to 
find  that  you  are  happy.  I  love  him  (celui)  who  rejoices  when 
his  friend  is  praised  (when  one  praises  his  friend).  What  are 
you  doing,  Henry?  I  am  dressing  (myself).  Will  the  children 
wash  (themselves)  ?  They  will  wash  (themselves)  in  an  hour. 
Has  my  brother  come  with  Mr.  Green?  You  are  mistaken,  your 
brother  will  not  come  (ne  viendra  pas)  to-day.  I  will  make 
haste  and  finish  (make  haste  to  finish)  my  exercise.  At  what 
hour  does  your  uncle  go  to  bed?  He  goes  to  bed  at  ten  o'clock. 

173.  Affirmatively. 

je  me  suis  lavd,  /  have  washed,  did  wash  myself 

tu  t'es  lavd,  thou  hast  ivashed  thyself 

il  s'est  lave',  fa-  has  washed  himself 

nous  nous  sommes  lave's,  we  have  ivashed  ourselves 

vous  vous  6tes  lave's,  you  have  washed  yourselves 

ils  se  sont  lave's,  they  have  washed  themselves 

Interrogatively. 

me  suis-je  lavd?  have  I  washed  myself? 

t'es-tu  lave'  ?  hast  thou  washed  thyself? 

s'est-il  lave'  ?  has  he  washed  himself? 

nous  sommes-nous  lave's?  have  ice  ivashed  ourselves? 

vous  etes-vous  lave's?  have  you  washed  yourselves? 

se  sont-ils  laves?  have  they  ivashed  themselves? 

Negatively. 

je  ne  me  suis  pas  lavd,  1  have  not  washed  myself 

tu  ne  t'es  pas  lavd,  thou  hast  not  ivashed  thyself 

il  ne  s'est  pas  lavd,  he  has  not  washed  himself 

nous  ne  nous  sommes  pas  lave's,  we  have  not  washed  ourselves 

vous  ne  vous  6tes  pas  lave's,  you  have  not  ivashed  yourselves 

ils  ne  se  sont  pas  lave's,  they  have  not  washed  themselves 


—     81     — 

Negatively  and  Interrogatively. 

ne  me  suis-je  pas  lavd  ?  have  1  not  washed  myself? 
ne  t'es-tu  pas  lavd  ?  hast  thou  not  washed  thyself? 
ne  s'est-il  pas  lave  ?  has  he  not  washed  himself? 
ne  nous  somincs-nous  pas  laves?  have  we  not  washed  ourselves? 
ne  vous  etes-vous  pas  lave's  ?  have  you  not  washed  yoursdves? 
ne  se  sont-ils  pas  laves'?  have  they  not  ivashed  themselves  ? 


je  me  suis  couche  hier  soir      /  went  to  bed  at  ten  o'clock  last 

a  dix  h cures,  night 

je  mo  suis  bien  amuse  samedi,  I  was  much  amused  on  Saturday 

toute  la  matinee,  all  the  morning 
toute  la  soiree,  all  the  evening 
tant,  so  much 
dans  peu  de  temps,  in  a  little  time 

J'ai  vu  hier  votre  frere.  Vous  vous  etes  trompe',  inon 
frere  n'est  plus  ici.  Je  ne  me  suis  pas  trompe',  je  lui  ai  parle. 
A  quelle  heurc  vous  6tes-vous  couches  hier  ?  Nous  nous  som- 
mes  couches  a  onze  heures  et  demie.  Mon  fr6re  ne  s'est  pas 
encore  leve'.  Ou  avez-vous  e"te  ?  Je  me  suis  promene'  toute  la 
matinee.  Je  me  reposerai  un  peu.  Tes  soeurs  ne  s'e'taient  pas 
encore  habillees,  lorsque  nous  sommes  venus.  Pourquoi  ne 
vous  etes-vous  pas  encore  lave?  Je  me  serais  lave,  si  j'avais 
eu  de  1'eau.  Nous  avons  e'te'  a  la  campagne  la  semaine 
derniere,  nous  nous  sommes  bien  amuse's.  Mon  voisin  est  tres- 
malade;  il  s'est  trop  afflige'  du  malheur  de  son  fils.  Faites  votre 
theme;  hatez-vous  un  peu;  nous  nous  promenerons  plus  tard. 
Rejouissez.-vous,  mes  enfants,  votre  oncle  arrivera  ce  soir. 

174.  Have  you  not  yet  asked  him  for  it  (it  to  him)  ?  You 
went  to  bed  that  evening  at  eight  o'clock ;  you  always  get  up 
late.  Charles  dresses  (himself)  quickly.  Thou  hast  not  yet 
washed  (thyself).  He  who  gets  up  late,  will  never  be  well. 
Who  has  lost  his  book  ?  Have  you  lost  it,  Charles  ?  You  are 
mistaken;  I  never  lose  my  books.  Will  you  walk  to-day  ?  My 
brother  will  walk  to  day  with  his  teacher,  because  he  has  been 
very  industrious.  How  do  your  sisters  do  ?  Are  they  not 


—     82     — 

in  (at)  the  country  ?  1  think  that  they  are  not  very  well. 
Were  you  much  amused  yesterday?  We  are  always  much 
amused  (we  amuse  ourselves  always  well)  when  we  are  at  our 
aunt's.  I  am  very  tired,  I  shall  go  to  bed  in  a  little  time. 
Why  do  you  make  so  much  haste?  It  is  not  late  yet;  the 
school  has  not  yet  begun. 

175.    en,  of  Mm,  of  Tier,  of  it,  of  them 

en,  with  him,  with  her,  with  it,  with  them,  some,  any 
y,  there,  thither,  within 
y,  to  it,  to  them 

Avez-vous  des  pommes  ?  Have  you  any  apples? 

Oui,  j'en  ai.  Yes,  I  have  (some). 

Etes-vous  content  de  cette  Are  you  satisfied  with  this  pen? 

plume  ? 

Oui,  j'en  suis  content.  Yes,  lam  (satisfied  with  it). 

Mon  frere  a-t-il  parld  de  cet  Has  my  brother  spoken  of  that 

homme  ?  man? 

Oui,  il  en  a  parld.  Yes,he  has  (spoken  of  him), 

le  concert,  the  concert  oui,  yes 

le  thdatre,  the  theater  non,  no 

A-t-on  parld  de  mon  malheur  ?  Oui,  on  en  a  parle*.  Etes- 
vous  content  de  ce  livre  ?  Oui,  j'en  suis  content.  Avons-nous 
des  plumes?  Oui,  nous  en  avons.  Avez-vous  du  pain?.  Oui, 
j'en  ai.  Mon  frere  est-il  au  jardin  ?  Non,  il  n'y  est  pas.  Avez- 
vous  pensdamon  affaire?  Non,  je  n'y  ai  pas  pense*.  Avez- 
vous  dtd  au  concert?  Non,  nous  n'y  avons  pas  dte.  Yotre 
frere  a-t-il  des  oiseaux?  II  en  a  beaucoup.  A-t-il  aussi  des 
fleurs?  II  n'en  a  point.  Combien  de  freres  avez-vous?  J'en 
ai  trois.  Avez-vous  aussi  une  soeur  ?  Oui,  j'en  ai  une.  As-tu 
rec,u  des  lettres?  J'en  ai  rec,u  une  de  mon  pere.  Seras-tu  ce 
soir  chez  monsieur  Monge  ?  Je  n'y  serai  pas.  Avez-vous  dtd 
au  thdatre  ?  Nous  n'y  avons  pas  encore  dtd. 

176*.  Have  you  any  fruit  ?  Yes,  I  have  (of  it).  Have  you 
also  any  friends?  No,  I  have  none  (of  them).  Hns  your  aunt 
many  children?  She  has  seven  (of  them).  Has  your  cousin 


—     83    — 

been  to  Rome  ?  No,  he  has  not  been  there.  How  many  pens 
hast  thou  ?  I  have  ten.  Has  thy  sister  written  the  letters  ? 
She  has  written  three.  Is  your  cousin  in  your  room?  She 
was  (there);  but  she  is  no  longer  there.  Have  you  any  flowers? 
Tes,  we  have  (of  them),  but  we  do  not  give  you  any  (of  them). 

1 77.  m'en,  some  to  me  nous  en,  some  to  us 

t'en,  some  to  thee  vous  en,  some  to  you 

lui  en,  some  to  7dm,  to  her    leur  en,  some  to  them 


il  m'en  donne,  he  gives  some  to  me 

il  lui  en  donne,  he  gives  some  to  him,  to  her,  to  it 


il  y  a,  there  is,  there  are 

il  y  avait,  there  was,  there  were 

il  est  arrive  quelque  chose,  something  has  happened 

ar river,  to  happen    le  monde,  people 

As-tu  donnd  du  pain  au  pauvre?  Je  lui  en  ai  donnd.  Si  tu 
ne  lui  en  as  pas  encore  donne,  il  t'en  demandera.  Mon  cousin 
a  beaucoup  de  fruits;  il  m'en  donne  tous  les  jours.  T'endonne- 
t-il  aussi?  II  nous  en  donne  souvent.  II  n'aime  pas  les  enfants 
du  voisin;  il  ne  leur  en  donne  jamais.  Yous  avez  ete  aujour- 
d'hui  au  concert;  je  vous  y  ai  vu.  Y  avez- vous  vu  mon  oncle? 
il  y  dtait  aussi.  Non,  je  ne  1'y  ai  pas  vu.  II  y  avait  beaucoup 
de  monde.  Je  n'y  ai  jamais  vu  tant  de  monde.  On  dit  qu'il 
est  arrive  un  grand  malheur.  On  en  parle  dans  toute  la  ville. 
Mon  ami  m'en  a  parle  aussi, 

178.  Have  you  been  to  Paris?  I  have  never  been  there. 
Has  the  teacher  been  to  the  church?  He  has  not  been  there. 
My  father  has  four  horses;  my  uncle  has  three  (of  them).  How 
many  apples  have  you?  I  have  two.  I  have  many  pears;  I 
will  give  some  (en)  to  my  sisters.  The  king  has  (is)  arrived  in 
(a)  Berlin ;  we  have  spoken  to  him.  These  pens  are  good; 
buy  a  dozen  of  them.  The  queen  gives  money  to  the  poor; 
people  often  speak  of  it  (one  speaks  often  of  it).  Have  you 
any  bread?  Yes,  I  have. 


—     84    —       . 

179.  du  pain,  bread,  when  some  or  any  bread  is  meant 
de  bon  pain,  good  &reacZ,when  some  or  any  good  bread  is  meant 
de  la  viande,  meat,  some  or  any  meat 

de  mauvaise  viande,  bad  meat,  some  or  any  bad  meat 

des  flcurs,  floivers,  some  or  any  flowers 

de  belles  ficm-s,beautifuljloivers,some  or  any  beautiful  flowers 

de  bon  drap,  some  good  cloth  de  bons  fruits,  some  good  fruit 
dvi  drap  bleu,  some  blue  cloth  des  fruits  murs,  some  rlpefruii 

Nous  avons  mange*  de  bons  fruits.  Vous  avez  bu  de  bonne 
eau,  mais  vous  avez  bu  de  mauvaise  bi6re.  Donnez-moi  de  bon 
papier.  Ces  messieurs  ont  de  beaux  jardins  et  de  grandes 
maisons.  Nous  avons  bu  du  vin  excellent.  La  servante  a 
achetd  de  bon  sel,  de  bonne  moutarde  et  de  mauvais  poivre. 
Charles  a  lu  des  livres  franc,ais.  Vous  avez  des  chiens  fideles. 
Mon  oncle  a  de  beaux  chevaux.  Cette  demoiselle  a  de  bonnes 
amies,  d'aimables  freres  et  .des  livres  utiles.  Les  Franc,ais  ont 
toujours  eu  de  bons  ge'ne'raux.  Notre  ge'ne'ral  a  de  braves 
soldats.  Cette  mere  a  des  enfants  tres-appliquds.  Nous  avons 
achete'  de  tres-belles  fleurs. 

180.  Here  is  good  paper  and  good  ink.      We  have  drunk 
bad  wine  and  good  beer.      My  uncle  has  beautiful  gardens 
and  large  meadows.      We  have  faithful  friends  and  amiable 
brothers.     This  bookseller  sells  beautiful  penknives.    Our  gar- 
dener has  excellent  fruit.     My  mother  has  purchased  for  me 
three  pairs  of  black  stockings.      Give  me  better  bread  and 
better  meat.     Have  you  any  good  mustard  ?    Have  you  any 
good  bread?    Yes,  we  have.    Have  you  any  good  books?   No, 
we  have  not.     Do  you  sell  white  hats  ?    Tell  me  what  you  sell; 
I  will  pay  you  well. 

181.  le  savon,  the  soap  rouge,  red 
1'essuie-main  (m.),  t7ie  towel    chaud,  warm 
la  patience,  the  patience         froid,  cold 

le  poisson,  the  Jlsh  apporter,  to  bring 

1'dtang  (m.),  the  pond  souhaiter,  to  wish 

rarement,  seldom  rarely        seulement,  only 


—    85    — 

Ce  marchand  vend  du  papier,  de  Tencre  et  des  plumes. 
Apportez-moi  de  1'eau,  du  savon,  et  un  essuie-main.  Souhaitez- 
vous  de  1'eau  chaude  ou  de  1'eau  froide  ?  Je  vous  donnerai  des 
pommes  et  des  cerises,  si  vous  etes  sages  et  applique's.  Mon 
fr&re  a  de  bonne  encre  et  de  bon  papier.  Nous  avons  eu  de 
beaux  chiens.  Tu  as  peu  de  patience,  mon  ami.  Avez-vous 
achete  des  crayons  et  des  cariifs?  Mon  voisin  vend  de  bonnes 
plumes.  Ma  sosur  a  de  jolis  gants.  Combien  de  livres  fram^ais 
avez-vous  ?  II  y  a  des  poissons  dans  cet  e'tang.  II  y  a  beau- 
coup  d'oiseaux  dans  notre  jardin.  Votre  cousin  a  peu  de  livres 
et  encore  moins  d'argent.  Les  bons  maitres  aiment  les  bons 
dcoliers.  Votre  frere  parle  toujours  de  bon  vin  et  de  bons 
fruits,  mais  rarement  dc  belles  estampes  et  de  livres  utiles. 

182.  Bring  me  some  vinegar  and  oil,  some  knives  and  forks. 
Hast  thou  any  good  pens  and  ink  ?  I  have  no  good  pens,  but 
I  have  excellent  ink.  Thy  paper  is  good.  I  have  bought  some 
very  bad  paper.  Where  did  you  find  or  buy  (have  you  found) 
these  beautiful  towels  f  Our  neighbor  has  bought  some  white 
linen,  red  cloth,  black  hats,  and  beautiful  stockings.  You  are 
always  speaking  of  dresses  and  of  visiting  (de  visitcs),  but 
seldom  of  exercises  and  business.  I  do  not  like  those  who 
speak  only  of  their  amusements,  and  who  never  think  of  their 
duties. 


SECOND   PART. 

PARADIGMS. 


Singular. 

Norn,  le  p6re,  the  father 

Gen.  du  pere,  of  the  father 

Dat.  au  pere,  to  the  father 

Ace.  le  pere,  the  father 

Nom.  la  mere,  the  mother 

Gen.  de  la  m£re,  of  the  mother 

Dat.  a  la  mere,  to  the  mother 

Ace.  la  mere,  the  mother 

Norn.  1'ami,  the  friend 

Gen.  de  1'ami,  of  the  friend 

Dat.  a  1'ami,  to  the  friend 

Ace.  1'ami,  the  friend 

Nom.  mon  fi  ere,  my  brother 

Gen. 

Dat. 

Ace.  mon  frere,  my  brother 


I.    DECLENSION. 

Plural. 

les  peres,  the  fathers 
des  peres,  of  the  fathers 
aux  peres,  to  the  fathers 
les  peres,  the  fathers 

les  meres,  the  mothers 
des  meres,  of  the  mothers 
aux  meres,  to  the  mothers 
les  m£res,  the  mothers 

les  amis,  the  friends 
des  amis,  of  tJie  friends 
aux  amis,  to  the  friends 
les  amis,  the  friends 


mes  freres,  wj/  brothers 

demon  frere,  of  my  brother  de  mes  freres,  of  tny  broiiivn 
a  mon  fr6re,  to  my  brother    a  mes  freres,  to  my  brothers 

mes  freres,  my  brokers 

Nom.  un  jardin,  a  garden 

Gen.  d'un  jardin,  of  a  garden 

Dat.  a  un  jardin,  to  a  garden 

Ace.  un  jardin,  a  garden 

Nom.  une  maison,  a  house 
Gen.    d'une  maison,  of  a  hous*, 
Dat.    a  une  maison,  to  a  houst 
Ace.    une  maison,  a  house 
86 


—  87    — 

IL   CONJUGATION. 

avoir,  to  have;  eu,  had 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tens*, 

j'ai,  1  have  j'aurai,  1  shall  have 

tu  as,  thou  hast  tu  auras,  thou  wilt  have 

il  a,  he  has  il  aura,  he  will  have 

nous  avons,  we  have  nous  aurons,  we  shall  have 

vous  avez,  you  have  vous  aurez,  you  will  have 

ils  ont,  they  have  ils  auront,  they  will  have 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

j 'avals,  /  had  j'aurais,  /  should  have 

tu  avals,  thou  hadst  tu  aurais,  thou  ivouldst  have 

il  avait,  he  had  il  aurait,  he  would  have 

nous  avions,  we  had  nous  aurions,  ive  should  have 

vous  aviez,  you  had  vous  auriez,  you  would  have 

ils  avaient,  they  had  ils  auraient,  they  would  have 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  eu,  /  have  had  j'aurai  eu,  I  shall  have  had 

j'avais  eu,  I  had  had  j'auraig  eu,  I  should  have  hack 

£tre,  to  be;  ete,  been 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

je  suis,  I  am  je  serai,  /  shall  be 

tu  es,  thou  art  tu  seras,  thou  wilt  be 

il  est,  he  is  fl  sera,  he  will  be 

nous  sommes,  we  are  nous  serons,  we,  shall  be 

vous  etes,  you  are  vous  serez,  you  will  be 

ils  sont,  they  are  Ils  seront,  they  will  be 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

j'etais,  I  was  Je  serais,  I  should  be 

tu  etais,  thou  wast  tu  serais,  thou  ivouldst  be 

il  elait,  he  was  il  serait,  he  would  be 

nous  e'tions,  we  were  nous  serions,  we  should  be 

vous  etiez,  you  were  vous  seriez,  you  would  be 

Us  dtaient,  they  were  fls  seraient,  they  would  be 

Compound  Tenses. 

J'ai  e*te*,  I  have  been  j'aurai  die*,  I  shall  have  been 

J'avais  6t6,  I  had  been  j'aurais  dtd,  I  should  have  been 


—     88     — 


parler,  to  speak;  parle,  spoken 


Present  Tense, 
je  parle,  I  speak 
tu  paries,  thou  speakest 
il  parle,  he  speaks 
nous  parlous,  we  speak 
vous  parlez,  you  speak 
ils  parlent,  they  speak 

Imperfect  Tense, 
je  parlais,  I  spoke 
tu  parlais,  thou  spokest 
il  parlait,  he  spoke 
nous  parlioiis,  we  spoke 
vous  parliez,  you  spoke 
ils  parlaient,  they  spoke 


Future  Tense. 

je  parlerai,  I  shall  speak 
tu  park-ras,  thou  wilt  speak 
il  parler  a,  he  ivill  speak 
nous  parlerons,  we  shall  speak 
vous  parlerez,  you  will  speak 
ils  parleront,  they  ivill  speak 

Conditional. 

je  parlerais,  I  should  speak 
tu  parlerais,  thou  ivouldst  &c. 
.  il  parlerait,  he  would  &c. 
nous  parlerions,  we  should  &c. 
vous  parlcriez.  you  would  &c. 
ils  parleraieiit,  they  would  &c. 


Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  parld,  I  have  spoken      j'aurai  parle*,  I  shall  have  spoken 
j'avais  parle",  I  had  spoken  j'aurais  parle",  I  should  have  spoken 

finir,  to  finish  ;  fini,  finished 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense. 

je  finirai,  I  shall  finish 
tu  finiras,  thou  wilt  finish 
il  finira,  he  will  finish 
nous  finirons,  we  shall  finish 
vous  finirez,  you  will  finish 
ils  finiront,  they  will  finish 

Conditional. 

je  finirais,  /  should  finish 
tu  finirais,  thou  u-ouldst  finish 
il  finirait,  he  would  finish 
nous  finirions,  we  should  finish 
vous  finiriez,  you  would  finish 
ils  finiraient,  they  ivould  finish 
Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  fini,  I  have  finished       j'aurai  fini,  I  shall  have  finished 
j'avais  fini,  I  had  finished  j'aurais  fini,  I  should  have  finished 


je  finis,  I  finish 

tu  finis,  thoufinishest 

il  finit,  he  finishes 

nous  finissons,  we  finish 

vous  finissez,  you  finish, 

ils  finissent,  they  finish 

Imperfect  Tense, 
je  finissais,  I  finished 
tu  finissais,  thou  finishedst 
il  finissait,  he  finished 
nous  finissions,  we  finished 
vous  finissiez,  you  finished 
ils  finissaient,  they  finished 


—     69     — 

vendre,  to  sell;  vendu,  sold 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

je  rends,  I  sell  je  vendrai,  I  shall  sell 

tu  vends,  thou  sellest  tu  vendras,  thou  wilt  sell 

il  vend,  he  sells  il  vendra,  he  will  sell 

nous  vendons,  we  sell  nous  vendrons,  ive  shall  sell 

vous  vendez,  you  sell  vous  vendrez,  you  will  sell 

ils  vendent,  they  sell  ils  vendront,  they  will  sell 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

je  vendais,  /  sold  je  vendrais,  /  should  sell 

tu  vendais,  thou  soldst  tu  vendrais,  thou  ivouldstsell 

il  vendait,  he  sold  il  vendrait,  he  would  sell 

nous  vendions,  ive  sold  nous  veMrious,  we  should  sell 

vous  vendiez,  you  sold  vous  vendriez,  you  would  sett 

ils  veridaient,  they  sold  ils  vendraient,  they  would  sell 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  vendu,  I  have  sold  j'aurai  vendu,  /  shall  have  sold 

j'avais  vendu,  /  had  sold  j'aurais  vendu,  I  should  have  sold 

acheter,  to  buy;  achete,  bought 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

j 'achete,  I  buy  j'acheterai,  I  shall  buy 

tu  achetes,  thou  buyest  tu  acheteras,  thou  wilt  buy 

il  achete,  he  buys  il  achetera,  he  will  buy 

nous  achetons,  we  buy  nous  acheterons,  we  shall  buy 

vous  achetez,  you  buy  vous  acheterez,  you  ivill  buy 

ils  achetent,  they  buy  ils  acheteront,  they  will  buy 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

j'achetais,*  /  bought  j'achete rais,  I  should  buy 

tu  achctais,  thou  boughtest         t\ia,cheter&is,thouivouldstbuy 
il  achetait,  he  bought  il  acheterait,  he  would  buy 

nous  achctions,  ive  bought  nous&chetQrion$,wes7iouldbuy 

vous  achctiez,  you  bought          vous  acheteriez,  you  would  buy 
ils  achetaient,  they  bought          ilsacheteraient,^7ie?/«t;owM&Mi/ 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  achete*,  I  have  bought      j'aurai  achete',  I  shall  have  bought 
j'avais  achetd,  I  had  bought  j'aurais  achete,  I  should  have  &c. 


—  90     — 

appeler,  to  call;  appele,  called 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

j'appelle,  I  call  j'appellerai,  /  shall  call 

tu  appelles,  thou  callest  in  appelleras,  thou  wilt  call 

il  appelle,  he  calls  il  appellera,  he  will  call 

nous  appelons,  ive  call  nous  appellerons,  we  shall  call 

vous  appelez,  you  call  vous  appellerez,  you  will  call 

ils  appellent^Ae?/  call  ils  appelleront,  they  will  call 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

j'appelais,  I  catted  j'appellerais,  I  should  call 

tu  appelais,  thou  calledst  tu  appellerais,  thou  wouldst  call 

il  appelait,  he  called  il  appellerait,  he  ivould  call 

nous  appelions,  we  called  nousappellerions,wes7icm&Zca^ 

vous  appeliez,  you  called  vous  appelleriez,  you  would  call 

ils  appelaient,  they  called  ilsappelleraient,ZAe?/i£oi^fZcaW 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  appele,  Ihave  called  j'a  urai  appele,  1  shall  have  called 

j'avais  appele,  I  had  called  j'auraisappele',/s7iowfcZ/iave<£c. 

regler,  to  rule;  regie,  ruled 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

je  regie,  I  rule  je  rdglerai,  I  shall  rule 

tu  regies,  thou  rulest  tu  regleras,  thou  wilt  rute 

il  regie,  he  rules  il  reglera,  he  will  rule 

nous  regions,  we  rule  nous  reglerons,  ive  shall  rule 

vous  re'glez,  you  rule  vous  re'glerez,  you  will  rule 

ils  reglent,  they  rule  ils  regleront,  they  will  rule 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

je  re'glais,  I  ruled  je  reglerais,  I  should  rule 

tu  re'glais,  thou  ruledst  tu  re'glerais,  thou  wouldst  rule 

il  rdglait,  he  ruled  il  rdglerait,  he  would  rule 

nous  rdglions,  we  ruled  nous  r(?glerious,  we  should  rule 

vous  re'glez,  you  ruled  vous  regleriez,  you  would  rule 

ils  re'glaient,  they  ruled  ils  re'gleraient,  they  would  rule 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  re'gle',  1  have  ruled  j'aurai  regie,  I  shall  have  ruled 

j'avais  re'gle',  T  had  ruled  j'aurais  re'gld,  I  should  &c. 


—  91     — 

employer,  to  employ;  employe,  employed 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

j'emploie,  I  employ  j'einploierai,  I  shall  employ 

tu  emploies,  thou  employest  tu  emploieras,  thou  wilt  &c. 

il  emploie,  he  employs  il  emploiera,  he  will  &c. 
nous  employons,  ive  employ      nous  emploierons,  we  shall  &c, 

vous  em  ploy  ez,  you  employ  vous  emploierez,  you  will  &c. 
ils  einploient,  they  employ         ils  emploieront,  they  will  &c. 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

j'employais,  I  employed  j'emploierais,  I  should  employ 
tu  employ ais,  thou  employedst    tu  emploier ais,  thou  wouldst  &c. 
il  employait,  he  employed          il  emploierait,  he  would  &c. 
nous  em  ploy  ions,  we  employed    nous  emp\oiQrions,ive  should  &d 
vous  employiez,  you  employed    vcus  eniploieriez,  you  would  &c. 
ils  employaient,  they  employed    ils  emploieraient,  they  would  &c. 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  employe,  I  have  employed  j'aurai  employe^  I  shall  have  &c. 

j'avais  employe',  I  had  &c,  j'&ur  ais  employ  6, 1  should  have  &c. 

placer,  to  place;  place,  placed 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

je  place,  I  place  je  placerai,  I  shall  place 
tu  places,  thou  placest  tu  placeras,  thou  wilt  place 

il  place,  he  places  il  placera,  he  ivill  place 

nous  placons,  we  place  nous  placerons,  we  shall  place 

vous  placez,  you  place  vous  placerez,  you  will  place 

ils  placent,  they  place  Us  placeront,  they  will  place 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

je  placais,  I  placed  je  placerais,  I  should  place 
tu  placais,  thou  placedst  tu  placerais,  thou  ivouldst place 

il  placait,  he  placed  il  placerait,  he  would  place 

nous  placions,  ive  placed  nous  placerions,  we  should  place 

vous  placiez,  you  placed  vous  placeriez,  you  would  place 

ils  placaient,  they  placed  ils  placeraient,  they  would  place 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  placd,  I  have  placed  j'aurai  placd,  I  shall  have  placed 

j'avais  place*,  I  had  placed  j'aurais  placd,  I  should  have  &c. 


—    92    — 

manger,  to  eat;  mange,  eaten 

Present  Tense.  Future  Tense, 

je  mange,  /  eat  je  mangerai,  /  shall  eat 

tu  manges,  thou  eatest  tu  mangeras,  thou  wilt  eat 

il  mange,  he  eats  il  mangera,  he  will  eat 

nous  mangeons,  we,  eat  nous  mangerons,  we  shall  eat 

vous  mangez,  you  eat  vous  mangerez,  you  ivitt  eat 

ils  mangent,  they  eat  ils  mangeront,  they  will  eat 

Imperfect  Tense.  Conditional, 

je  mangeais,  /  ate  je  mangerais,  /  should  eat 

tu  mangeais,  thou  atest  tu  mangerais,  thou  wouldst  eat 

il  mangeait,  he  ate  il  mangerait,  he  would  eat 

nous  mangions,  ive  ate  nous  mangerions,  we  should  eat 

vous  mangiez,  you  ate  vous  mangeriez,  you  would  eat 

ils  mangeaient,  they  ate  ils  mange raient,  they  would  eat 

Compound  Tenses. 

j'ai  mange,  I  have  eaten        j'aurai  mangd,  I  shall  have  eaten 
j'avais  mange,  I  had  eaten    j'aurais  mangd,  I  should  have  &c. 


se  1  rom per,  to  be  mistaken 

Present  Tense. 

je  me  trompe,  /  am  mistaken 
tu  te  trompes,  thou  art  mistaken 
il  se  trompe,  he  is  mistaken 
nous  nous  trompons,  ive  are  mistaken 
vous  vous  trompez,  you  are  mistaken 
ils  se  trompent,  they  are  mistaken 

Imperfect  Tense. 

je  me  trompais,  1  u-as  mistaken 
tu  te  trompais,  thou  wast  mistaken 
il  se  trompait,  he  ivas  mistaken 
nous  nous  trompions,  we  were  mistaken 
vous  vous  trorapiez,  you  were  mistaken 
Ils  se  trompaient,  they  were  mistaken 


—    93    — 

Future  Tense. 

je  me  tromperai,  I  shall  be  mistaken 
tu  te  tromperas,  thou  wilt  be  mistaken 
il  se  trompera,  lie  will  be  mistaken 
nous  nous  tromperons,  we  shall  be  mistaken 
vous  vous  tromperez,  you  will  be  mistaken 
ils  se  tromperont,  they  will  be  mistaken 

Conditional. 

je  me  tromperais,  /  should  be  mistaken 
tu  te  tromperais,  thou  wouldst  be  mistaken 
il  se  tromperait,  he  would  be  mistaken 
nous  nous  tromperions,  we  should  be  mistaken 
vous  vous  tromperiez,  you  would  be  mistaken 
ils  se  tromperaient,  they  would  be  mistaken 

Compound  Tenses. 

je  me  suis  trompd,  /  have  been  mistaken 
je  m'etais  trompd,  /  had  been  mistaken 
je  me  serai  trompe,  I  shall  have  been  mistaken 
je  me  serais  trompe,  /  should  have  been  mistaken 

Write  the  following  exercises  in  all  tenses: 
je  1'ai,  /  have  it 
je  ne  1'ai  pas,  /  have  it  not 
l'ai-je?  do  I  have  it? 
ne  l'ai-je  pas  1  do  I  not  have  it  ? 
je  le  cherche,  /  look  for  it 
je  ne  le  cherche  pas,  /  do  not  look  for  it 
je  lui  donne,  I  give  Mm 
je  ne  lui  donne  pas,  1  do  not  give  him 
je  le  lui  pr6te,  I  lend  it  him 
je  ne  le  lui  prete  pas,  I  do  not  lend  it  him 
j'en  parle,  I  speak  of  it 
je  n'en  parle  pas,  I  do  not  speak  of  it 


—    94    — 


THIRD    PART. 


VOCABULARIES. 


Note.     The  plural  of  French  nouns  is  added  only  when  irregular;  adjective 
whose  feminine  differs  from  the  masculine,  are  always  given  in  full. 


1.     FRENCH  AND  ENGLISH  VOCABULARY 

containing  all  French  words  occurring  in  this  book,  with  their  meanings, 
but  only  as  used  in  the  French  Exercises. 


A. 

a,  has 

a,  to,  at,  in;  a  la  mode,  in  the  fashion, 

fashionable;  a  present,  now 
aboyer,  to  bark 
achete,  bought 
acheter,  to  buy 
achever,  to  complete,  end 
actif,  active,  active 
Adolphe,  Adolphus 
1'affaire  (f.),  the  business,  work 
s'affliger,  to  grieve 
1'Afrique  (f.),  Africa 
1'age  (m.),  the  age 
agreable,  agreeable,  pleasant 
(j')ai,  (I)  have 
aimable,  amiable 
(il)  aime,  (he)  loves,  likes 
(j')aime,  (I)  love,  like 
aimer,  to  love,  like 
alle,  gone 

allez,  go,  are  going 
1'ame  (f. ),  the  soul 
1'Amerique  (f. ),  America 
1'ami  (m.),  the  friend 
l'amie  (f.),  the  friend 
I'amitte  (f.),  the  friendship 
B'amuser,  to  be  amused 
Tan  (m.),  the  year 


1'anglais,  English 

1'animal,  les  animaux  (m.),  the  animal 

1'annee  (f.),  the  year,  chaque  annee, 
every  year 

1'annee  bissextile  (f.),  leap-year 

Aout  (m.),  August  (month) 

appeler,  to  call,  name;  s'appelle,  is 
coiled;  s'appeler,  to  be  catted,  to  be 
named 

1'appetit  (m. ),  the  appetite 

apporter,  to  bring 

applique,  appliquee;  diligent 

appris,  learnt 

apres,  after 

1'arbre  (m. ),  the  tree 

l'ardoise(f.),  the  slate 

1'argent  (m.),  the  money,  silver 

arrive,  arrivee;  arrived;  il  est  arrive 
quelque  chose,  something  has  hap- 
pened 

arriver,  to  happen 

arrose",  watered 

as,  hast 

1'Asie  (f.),  Asia 

assez,  enough 

attendre,  to  wait 

aujourd'hui,  to-day 

1'aune  (f.),  the  eU 

aussi,  also,  as 


—     95    — 


1'Australie  (f.),  Australia 
witant,  as  much,  as  many 
J'autre,  the  other 
Hutrefois,  formerly 
mtrement,  otherwise,  differently 
ivancer,  to  advance 
ivant,  before 
avec,  with 

(vous)  avez,  (you)  have 
(nous)  avons,  (we)  have 
Avril  (m.),  April 

B. 

le  banquier,  the  banker 

le  bas,  the  stocking 

bas,  basse,  low 

batir,  to  build 

battre,  to  beat 

beau,  bel,  belle,  beautiful,  fine, 

beaucoup,  much,  many 

le  beurre,  the  butter 

la  bibliotheque,  the  library 

bien,  well 

le  bien,  the  benefit,  good,  that  which  is 

right,  the  properly,  estate,  fortune 
bientot,  soon 
la  biere,  the  beer 
blamer,  to  blame 
blanc,  blanche,  white 
la  boite,  the  box 
bon,  bonne,  good 
le  bonheur,  (the)  happiness 
les  bontes  (f.),  the  kindness,  good  will 
la  botte,  the  boot 
le  boulanger,  the  baker 
le  bouquet,  the  nosegay 
la  bouteille,  the  bottle 
la  brebis,  the  sheep 
Bruxelles,  Brussels 
bu,  drunk 

c. 

le.  cadeau,  les  cadeaux,  the  present 

le  cafe,  the  coffee 

le  cahier,  the  copy-book 

la  campagne,  the  country 

le  canif,  the  penknife 


la  canne,  the  cane 

car,  for,  as 

ce,  cet,  cette;ces;  this,  that;  these,  those 

c'est,  that  is,  it  is 

ce  qm    I  that  which,  which,  what 
ce  que   ) 

ce  sont,  these  are,  they  are 

ceci,  this 

ceder,  to  cede,  give,  yield 

cela,  that 

celebrer,  to  celebrate 

cehii,  celle;  ceux,  celles;  that,  those 

celui-ci,    celle-ci;   ceux-ci,     celles-ci; 

this,  these 
celui-la,    celle-la;    ceux-la,    celles-la; 

that,  those 
cent,  a  hundred 
cent  un,  a  hundred  and  one 
le,  la  centieme,  the  hundredth 
la  cerise,  the  cherry 
la  chaise,  the  chair 
la  chambre,  the  room 
changer,  to  change,  alter 
la  chanson,  the  song 
chanter,  to  sing  [bonnet 

le  chapeau,    les  chapeaux,    the   hat, 
chaque  annee,  every  year,  each  year 
le  chat,  the  cat 
le  chateau,  les  chateaux,   the  castle, 

country-seat 
chaud,  chaude,  warm 
le  chemin,  the  way,  road 
la  chemise,  the  shirt 
cher,  chere,  dear/  dearly 
cherche,  sought 
chercher,  to  seek,  look  for 
le  cheval,  les  chevaux,  the  horse 
un  cheveu,  a  single  hair 
les  cheveux  (m.),  the  hair 
la  chevre,  the  goat 
chez,  at  the  house  of;  chez  moi,  to  or 

at  my  house;  chez  le  boulanger,  at 

the  baker's;  chez  mon  frere,  to,  at 

my  brother's;  chez  mon  pere,  at  my 

father's 
le  chien,  the  dog 


—    96    — 


le  chocolat,  the  chocolate 
/choisir,  to  choose 
/Chretien,  Christian 
/    cinq,  five 

cinquante,  fifty 

le,  la  cinquantieme,  the  fiftieth 

le,  la  cinquieme,  the  fifth 

le  citron,  the  lemon 

le  coffre,  the  box,  trunk 
\      la  colere,  anger 

^combien?  hoic  much,  liow  many? 
teommencer,  to  begin 

comment  ?  how  ? 

le  commerce,  trade,  business 

le  concert,  the  concert 

connu,  known 

conseiller,  to  advise,  recommend 
^   content,  contente;  contented,  pleased 

centre,  against 

la  corbeille,  the  basket 

le  cordonnier,  the  shoemaker 

le  corps,  the  body 

corriger,  to  correct 

se  coucher,  to  go  to  bed 

la  couleur,  the  color 

court,  courte,  short 

le  cousin,  the  (male)  cousin 

la  cousine,  the  (female)  cousin 

le  couteau,  les  couteaux,  the  knife 

couter,  to  cost 

la  cravate,  the  cravat 

le  crayon,  the  pencil 

cree,  created 

(je)  crois,  (I)  believe 

cruel,  cruelle,  cruel,  fierce 

la  cuiller     i 

la  cuillere  \  {he  sP°on 

D. 

la  dame,  the  lady 

dans,  in;  dans  pen  de  temps,  in  a  little 

time 

le  de,  the  thimble 
Decembre  (m.),  December 
le  deYaut,  the  defect,  fault 
dei'endre,  to  defend,  forbid 


deja,  already 

demain,  to-morrow 

demander,  to  demand,  beg, ask,  ask  for 

demeurer,  to  live,  dwell 

demi,  demie,  half 

demi-douzaine  (f.),  Iwlfadozen 

la  demoiselle,  the  young  lady 

la  dent,  the  tooth 

depuis,  since,  ago 

depuis  quand  ?  since  when,  horo  long  ? 

le  dernier,  la  derniere,  the  last 

descendre,  to  descend,  come  down 

desirer,  to  desire,  wish  for 

deux,  two 

le  devoir,  the  duty 

Dieu,  God 

difficile,  difficult 

dimanche  (m.),  Sunday 

dites,  say,  tell 

dix,  ten 

dix-huit,  eighteen 

le,  la  dix-huitieme,  the  eighteenth 

le,  la  dixieme,  the  tenth 

dix-neuf,  nineteen 

le,  la  dix-neuvieme,  the  nineteenth 

dix-sept,  seventeen 

le,  la  dix-septieme,  the  seventeenth 


/ieser  m/ 

la  domestique  ) 
donne,  given 
donner,  to  give 
donnez-moi,  give  (to)  me 
dormi,  slept 

doucement,  softly,  gently,  slowly 
doux,  douce,  sweet,  gentle 
la  douzaine,  the  dozen 
douze,  twelve 

le,  la  douzieme,  the  twelfth 
le  drap,  the  cloth;  de  bon  drap,  some 

good  doth;  du  drap  bleu,  some  blue 

cloth 

E. 

1'eau,  les  eaux  (f.),  the  wat& 
1'ecole  (f.),  the  school 
1'fecolier  (m.),  the  sotoi-tr 


—    97    — 


e"couter,  to  listen,  listen  to 

ecrit,  written 

un  ecu,  a  crown,  dollar 

effacer,  to  efface,  strike  out 

effrayer,  to  frighten 

1'eglise  (f. ),  the  church 

eleve,  educated 

clever,  to  bring  up,  educate 

elle,  she,  it;  elles,  they,  them 

Emilie,   Emily 

employer,  to  employ,  spend 

en,   in;  of  him,   of  her,  of  it,  of  them, 

with  him,  with  her,  with  it,  with  them, 

some,  any 

encore,  still,  yet,  again 
1'encre  (f.),  the  ink;   de  1'encre,  some 

ink,  any  ink 

1'encrier  (m.),  the  inkstand 
1'enfant  (m.  &  f . ),  the  child;  des  enfants, 

some  children,  any  children 
ensemble,  together 
entre,  between,  among 
envers,  towards,  to 
envoye,  sent 
envoyer,  to  send 
esperer,  to  hope 
essayer,  to  try 

1'essuie-main  (m.),  the  towel 
r,  to  wipe,  dry  up 
b  a,  belongs  to 
(f. ),  the  engraving 
et,  and  m . 

1'etang  (m.),  the  pond 
ete,  been 
etre,  to  be 

1' etude  (f.),  the' study 
eu,  had 

1'Europe  (f.),  Europe 
eux,  they,  them 
exagerer,  to  exaggerate, 
excellent,  excellente,  excellent 

F. 

facile,  easy 

fait,  (he)  makes;   made,  paid  (of  a 
visit} 


faites,  make,  do 

la  famille,  the  family 

la  farine,  the  flour,  meal 

la  faute,  the  fault,  mistake 

faux,  fausse,  false,  treacherous,  in- 
sincere 

la  femme,  the  woman 

le  fer,  (the)  iron 

la  fete,  the  feast,  birthday 

le  feu,  les  feux,  the  fire 

Fevrier  (m.),  February 

fidele,  faithful 

la  fille,  the  daughter,  girl 

le  fils,  the  son 

fin,  &ne,fine 

fini,  finished 

fiuir,  to  finish 

la  fleur,  the  flower;  des  flours,  some 
flowers,  any  flowers;  de  belles  fleurs, 
some  beautiful  flowers 

la  flute,  theflutt 

font,  make 

fort,  forte,  strong 

la  fortune,  the  fortune 

la  fourchette,  the  fork 

frais,  fraiche,  fresh,  new 

le  franc,  the  franc,  twenty  cents 

le  fran9ais,  French 

Fran9ois,  Francis 

le  frere,  the  brother 

froid,  froide,  cold 

le  fromage,  the  cheese 

le  fruit,  the  fruit;  de  bons  fruits,  some 
good  fruit;  des  fruits  murs,  some 
ripe  fruit 

G. 

le  gant,  the  glove 

le  general,  les  generaux,  the  general 

Godefroi,  Godfrey 

grand,  graude,  large,  long,  tall,  great 

la  grand'mere,  the  grandmother 

gros,  grosse,  large,  coarse 

Guillaume,  William 

la  guitare,  the  guitar 


—    98     — 


H. 

s'habiller,  to  dress  one's  self 

1'habit  (in.),  the  coat,  dress,  garment 

se  hater,  to  make  haste,  to  hurry 

haut,  haute,  hlyh 

Henri,  Henry 

1'heure  (f.),  the  hour,  time  of  the  day; 

tout  a  1'heure,  presently,  just  now 
heureux,  heureuse,  happy,  fortunate 
hier,  yesterday 
I'homme  (m. ),  the  man 
honnete,  honest 
1'huile  (f.),  the  OH 
huit,  eight 

le,  la  huitieme,  the  eighth 
1'humeur  (f.),  the  temper 
1'hyene  (f.),  the  hyena 

I. 

ici,  here 

ignorant,  ignorante,  ignorant 
il,  he,  it;  il  aime,  he  loves,  he  likes;  il 
est  arrive  quelque  chose,  something 
has  happened;   il  fait,  he  makes,  il 
trouve,  he  finds;  il  vend,  he  sells 
il  y  a,  there  is,  there  are 
il  y  avait,  there  was,  there  were 
ils,  they 

immortel,  immortelle,  immortal 
ingrat,  ingrate,  ungrateful;  unthankful 
1'innocence  (f.),  innocence 
instruit,  instruite,  learned 
intelligent,  intelligent*,  intelligent 

J. 

le  jambon,  the  ham 

Janvier  (m. ),  January 

le  jardin,  the  garden 

le  jardinier;  the  gardener  (m.) 

la  jardiniere,  the  gardener  (f.) 

je,  I;  j'ai,  I  have;  j'ai  raison,  I  am 
right;  j'ai  tort,  I  am  wrong;  j'aime, 
I  love,  Hike;  je  parle,  I  speak;  je 
pense  &  vous,  I  think  of  you 

Jean,  John 

Jeter,  to  throw,  throw  away 


le  jeu,  les  jeux,  the  play,  gamt 

jeudi  (m. ),  Thursday 

jeune,  young 

la  jeunesse,  youth 

joli,  jolie,  pretty 

jouer,  to  play 

le  jour,  the  day 

la  journee,  the  day 

Juillet  (m.),  July 

Juin  (in.),  June 


la,  the 

la,  her,  it 

la,  there 

laborieux,  laborieuse,  industrious 

le  lait,  the  milk 

la  larme,  the  tear 

las,  lasse,  tired 

le  latin,  Latin 

Be  laver,  to  wash  one's  self 

le.the 

le,  him,  it 

le  leur,  it  to  them 

le  lui,  U  to  him 

les  legumes  (m.),  the  vegetables 

les,  the,  them 

las  leur,  them  to  them 

les  lui,  them  to  him 

la  lettre,  the  letter 

leur,  leurs,  their 

le  leur,  la  leur,  les  leurs,  theirs 

leur,  them,  to  them 

leur  en,  some  to  them 

leve,  lifted,  raised 

lever,  to  lift,  raise;  se  lever,   to  risq 

get  up 

le  libraire,  the  bookseller 
la  ligne,  the  line 
le  lion,  the  lion 
lire,  to  read 
le  livre,  the  book 
la  livre,  the  pound 
la  loi,  the  law 
Londres,  London 
long,  longue,  long 


—    99     — 


lorsque,  when,  at  the  time  when 

louer,  to  praise 

Louis,  Louis 

Louise,  Louisa 

lourd,  lourde,  heavy 

lit,  read 

lui,  he,  him;  to  him,  to  her,  to  it 

lui  en,  some  to  him,  to  her,  to  it 

luadi  (m.),  Monday 

la  lune,  the  moon 

M. 

madame,  Mrs.;  niesdames,  Mesdames 
mademoiselle,  Miss;  mesdemoiselles, 

Misses 

Mai  (m.),  May 
la  main,  the  hand 
rnais,  but 

la  maison,  the  house 
le  maitre,  the  master 
le  mal,  les  maux,  the  evU 
malade,  sick,  til 
le  malheur,  (the)  misfortune 
malheureux,   malheureuse,   unhappy, 

unfortunate 

la  malle,  the  box,  trunk 
mange,  eaten 
manger,  to  eat 
le  marchand,  the  tradesman 
mardi  (in.),   Tuesday 
Marie,  Mary 
Mars  (m. ),  March 
Mathilde,  Matilda 
Is  matin,  the  morning 
la  matinee,  thi  morning 
mauvais,  mauvaise,  bad 
me,  me,  to  me  m'en,  some  to  me 

me  le,  it  to  me 
me  les,  them  to  me 
mechant,  mechante,  naughty 
le  medecin,  the  physician 
meilleur,  raeilleure,  better;  le  meilleur, 

la  meilleure,  the  best;  le  meilleur 

homme  de  la  ville,  the  best  man  in 

town 
le  meme,  la  meme,  lesniemes,  the  same 


mener,  to  lead,  guide,  bring 

le  menuisier,  the  joiner 

mercredi  (m.),  Wednesday 

la  mere,  the  mother;  mon  pere  et  ma 
mere,  my  parents 

le  metal,  les  metaux,  the  metal 

midi  (m. ),  midday,  noon;  midi  et  de- 
mi,  half  past  twelve 

le  mien,  la  mienne;  les  miens,  le- 
miennes,  mine 

mieux,  better 

le,  la  millieme,  the  thousandth 

minuit  (m.),  midnight 

la  minute,  the  minute 

mis,  put,  laid 

la  mode,  the  fashion;  a  la  mode,  in 
the  fashion,  fashionable 

moderer,  to  moderate 

modeste,  modest 

moi,  I,  me 

le  moineau,  les  moineaux,  the  sparrow 

nioins,  less,  fewer 

le  mois,  the  month 

le  moment,  the  moment 

mon,  ma,  mes,  my 

le  monde,  the  world,  people 

monsieur,  Mr.,  messieurs,  Messi-s.; 
ce  monsieur,  this  gentleman 

la  montagne,  the  mountain 

la  montre,  the  watch 

montrer,  to  show 

le  morceau,  les  morceaux,  the  piece 

mordre,  to  bite 

la  mort,  death 

mortel,  mortelle,  mortal 

le  mot,  the  word 

le  mouchoir,  the  pocket-handkerchief 

la  moutarde,  the  mustard 

mur,  mure,  ripe 

H. 

ne.  .jamais,  not  ever,  never;  ne.  .pas, 
not,  no;  ne..plus,  not  more,  no 
more,  no  longer;  ne.  .point,  not  at 
all,  no 

le  negociant,  the  merchant 


—    100    — 


nettoyer,  to  dean 

neuf,  neuve,  neto 

neuf,  nine 

le,  la  neuvieme,  the  ninth 

noir,  noire,  black 

le  nombre,  the  number 

non,  no 

noire,  nos,  our 

le  notre,  la  notre;  les  notres,  ours 

nous,  we,  us,  to  us 

iious  en,  some  to  us 

Dons  le,  it  to  us 

DOUS  les,  fhem  to  us 

nouveau,  nouvel,  nouvelle,  new 

Novembre  (m.),  November 

la  nuit,  the  night 

O. 

obeir,  to  obey 

Octobre  (m.),  October 

Voiseau,  les  oiseaux  (m. ),  the  bird 

en,  one,  people 

1'oncle  (m.),  the  uncle 

onze,  eleven 

le,  la  onzieme,  the  eleventh 

ordinairement,  usually 

ou,  or 

ou?  where? 

onblier,  to  for  get 

oui,  yes 

P. 

la  page,  the  page 

le  pain;  thebread;  du  pain,  some  bread, 
de  bon  pain,  some  good  bread 

la  paire,  the  pair 

le  papier,  the  paper 

parce  que,  because 

les  parents   (m.),   the  relatives;  mea 
parents,  my  parents 

paresseux,  paresseuse,  idle 

(je)  parle,  (I)  speak 

parle,  spoken 

parler,  to  speak 

partager,  to  share,  divide 

parti,  partie,  gone  away,  set  out,  de- 
parted, started 


la  partie,  the  peart 

pas  de,  no    - 

la  passion,  love,  affection 

la  patience,  the  patience 

pauvre,  poor 

payer,  to  pay,  pay  for 

pendant,  during 

penser,  to  think;  je  pense  a  vous,  1 

think  of  you 
perdre,  to  lose 
perdu,  lost 
le  pere,  the  father;  mon  pere  et  ma 

mere,  my  parents 
personne . .  ne,  no  one 
petit,  petite,  small,  short,  little 
peu,  little,  few 
le  peuple,  the  people 
Philadelphie,  Philadelphia 
la  pierre,  the  stone 
la  place,  the  place 
placer,  to  put,  place,  lay 
le  plaisir,  the  pleasure 
la  plante,  the  plant 
pleure,  cried,  wept 
pleurer,  to  cry,  weep    J 
la  plume,  the  pen       •* 
la  plupart,  the  greater  part 
plus,  more 
la  poire,  the  pear 
le  poisson,  the  fish 
le  poivre,  the  pepper 
la  pomme,    the  apple;  des  pommes, 

some  apples,  any  apples 
la  porte,  the  door 
porter;  to  carry,  wear;  se  porter,  (to 

carry  one's  self),  to  be;  se  porter 

bien,  to  be  well 
posseder,  to  possess 
pour,  for 
pourquoi?  why? 
la  prairie,  the  meadow 
preferer,  to  prefer 
le  premier,  la  premiere,  the  first 
a  present,  now 
prate",  lent 
preter,  to  lend 


pris,  taken 

le  prix,  the  price 

se  promener,  to  walk,  take  a  walk 

(tu)  prornets,  (thou)  promisest 

promis.  promised 

promptement,  quickly 

prononcer,  to  pronounce 

propre,  proper,  clean,  neat 

proteger,  to  protect 

la  prune,  the  plum 

punir,  to  punish 

Q. 

la  qualite,  the  quality 

qnand,  when 

quarante,  forty 

le,  la  quarantieme,  the  fortieth 

le  quart,  the  quarter 

quatorze,  fourteen 

le,  la  quatorzieme,  the  fourteenth 

quatre,  four 

quatre-vingts,  eighty 

le,  la  quatre- vingtieme,  the  eightieth 

quatre-vingt-dix,  ninety 

le,  la  quatre-vingt-dixieuie,  the  nine- 
tieth 

quatre-vingt-un,  eighty-one 

le,  la  quatrieme,  the  fourth 

que  ?  what  ? 

que,  that,  tJian,  as;  whom,  which,  that 

quel,quelle,quels,quelles.io/u'c/i,ic&a< 

qui,  who,  which,  that ;  who  ? 

le  qriintal,  les  quintaux,  thehundred- 
weight 

quinze,  fifteen  ;  quinze  jours,  a  fort- 
night 

le,  la  quinzieme,  the  fifteenth 

K. 

raison,  right;  j'ai  raison,  lam  right 

raisonnable,  reasonable 

le  rameau,  les  rameaux,  the  branch 

rarement,  seldom,  rarely 

re9u,  received 

refuser, 


regler,  to  rule,  settle 

la  reine,  the  queen 

se  re'jouir,  to  rejoice,  to  be  rejoiced 

remplir,  to  fill,  fulfill,  do 

rendre,  to  give  back,  to  restore 

rendu,  paid  (of  a  visit) 

repondre,  to  answer,  reply 

se  reposer,  to  rest 

reste,  remained,  stayed,  stayed  behind 

retourner,  to  return,  go  back 

revenu,  returned, 

riche,  rich 

rien  .ne,  nothing 

rincer,  to  rinse 

la  robe,  the  gown,  dress 

le  roi,  the  king 

la  rose,  the  rose 

rouge,  red 

le  ruban,  the  ribbon 

S. 

sage,  wise,  good  (as  to  conduct) 

salir,  to  soil,  dirty 

la  salle,  the  room 

samedi  (m. ) ,  Saturday 

s'appelle,  is  called 

le  savon,  the  soap 

se,  himself,  herself,  itself;  themselves, 

one  another 
sec,  seche,  dry 

le  second,  la  seconde,  the  second 
la  seconde,  the  second  (of  time) 
seize,  sixteen 

le,  la  seizieme,  the  sixteenth 
le  sel,  the  salt 
la  semaine,  the  week 
sense,  sensee,  sensible 
sept,  seven 

Septembre  (m.),  September 
le,  la  septieme,  the  seventh 
la  servante,  the  maid-sei'vant 
seulement,  only 
si,  so,  if 

s'il  vous  plait,  if  gou  please 
si . .  ne,  if  not,  unless 


—     102    — 


te  sien,  la  sienne,  les  siens,  lee  sien- 
nas, his 

six,  six 

le,  la  sixieme,  the  sixth 

la  scour,  the  sister 

la  soie,  the  silk 

le  soir,  Ihe  evening 

la  soiree,  the  evening;  toutela  soiree, 
all  the  evening 

soixante,  sixty 

soixante  et  dix,  seventy 

soixante  et  onze,  seventy-one 

soixante-douze,  seventy-two 

le,  la  soixantieme,  the  sixtieth 

le,  la  soixante-dixieme,  the  seventieth 

le  soldat,  the  soldier 

le  soleil,  the  sun 

son,  sa,  ses;  his,  her,  Us 

sont,  are;  sont  k,  belong  to  (are  to) 

sorti,  sortie,  gone  o\d 

souhaiter,  to  wish 

le  soulier,  the  shoe 

la  soupe,  the  soup 

souvent,  often 

le  succes,  the  success 

le  sucre,  the  sugar 

sur,  on,  upon 

T. 

la  table,  the  table 

le  tailleur,  the  tailor 

tant,  so  much,  so  many 

la  tante,  the  aunt 

tard,  late 

la  tasse ,  the  cup 

te,  ihee,  to  thee 

t'en,  some  to  thee 

te  le,  it  to  thee 

te  les,  them  to  thee 

le  temps,  the  time,  weather  ;  dans  pen 
de  temps,  in  a  little  time 

la  terre,  the  earth,  land 

la  tSte,  the  head 

le  the",  the  lea 

le  theatre,  the  theater 

le  theme,  the  exercise 


le  tien,  la  tienne,  les  tiens,  les  tieit 

nes,  thine 
le  tigre,  the  tiger 
toi,  thou,  thee 
la  toile,  the  linen 
ton,  ta,  tes;  thy 

tort,  wrong;  j'ai  tort,  lam  wrong 
ton  jours,  always 
tous  les  jours,  every  day 
tout,  every  thing,  all;  quite 
tout,  toute,  tous,  toutes,  all;  tout  a 

1'heure,  presently,  just  now  ;  tout  le 

monde,  even/  body 
la  tranche,  </te  piece,  slice 
le  travail,  les  travaux,  the  work 
travailler,  to  work 
treize,  thirteen 

le,  la  treizieme,  the  thirteenth 
trente,  thirty 
trente  et  un,  thirty-one 
trente-deux,  thirty-two 
le,  la  trentieme,  the  thirtieth 
tres,  very 
triste,  sad 
troig,  three 

le,  la  troisieme,  the  third 
se  tromper,  to  deceive  one's  self,  to  be 


trop,  <oo  much,  too  many 

le  troupeau,  les  troupeaux,  the  flock 

(il)  trouve,  (he)  finds 

trouve,  found 

trouver,  to  find,  meet  with,  like 

tn,thou 

tl. 

un,  une,  a,  an;  one 
1'un,  1'une,  the  one 
utile,  useful 

V. 

le  vaisseau,  les  vaisseaux,  the  ship 
(il)  vend,  (he)  setts 
vendre,  to  sett 
vendredi  (m.),  Friday 
vendu,  sold 


—     103     — 


venez,  come 

venu,  come 

le  verre,  the  glass 

vert,  verte,  green 

vertueux,  vertueuse,  virtuous 

la  viande,  the  meat;  de  la  viande,  some 

meat,  any  meat;  Ae  mauvaise  viande, 

some  bad  meat 
la  vie,  (the)  life 
Vienne,  Vienna 
vieux,  vieil,  vieille,  old 
vif,  vive,  lively 
la  ville,  the  town 
le  vin,  the  wine 
le  vinaigre,  the  vinegar 
vingt,  twenty 
vingt-deux,  twenty-two 
vingt  et  un,  twenty-one 
le,  la  vingt  et  unieme,  the  twenty-first 


le,  la  vingtieme,  the  twentieth 

le  violon,  the  violin 

la  visite,  the  visit 

vite,  quickly 

voici,  here  is,  here  are 

voil'a,  there  is,  there  are 

le  voisin     )  ,. 

lavoisine  \  the  neifJhbor>  m-  &f' 

volontiers,  willingly 

votre,  vos,  your 

le,  la  votre,  les  votres,  yours 

voulu,  wished 

vous,  you,  to  you 

vous  en,  some  to  you 

vous  le,  it  to  you 

vous  les,  them  to  you 

vrai,  vraie,  true 

vu,  seen  Y. 

y,  there,  thither,  within,  to  it,  to  them 


—     J04     — 


2.     ENGLISH  AND  FRENCH  VOCABULARY, 

containing  all  English  words  occurring  in  this  book,  with  their  meanings, 
but  only  as  used  in  the  English  Exercises. 


a,  an,  un,  une 

active,  actif,  active 

Adolphus,  Adolphe 

to  advance,  avancer 

to  advise,  conseiller 

(the)  affection,  la  passion 

Africa,  1'Afrique  (f.) 

after,  apres 

again,  encore 

against,  contre 

the  age,  I'age  (m.) 

ago,  depuis 

agreeable,  agreable 

all,  tout,  toute;  tous,  toutes;  tout 

already,  dejk 

also,  aussi 

to  alter,  changer 

always,  toujours 

America,  1'Amerique  (f.) 

amiable,  aimable 

among,  entre 

and,  et 

(the)  anger,  la  colere 

the  animal,  1'animal,  lesanimaux  (m.) 

to  answer,  repoudre 

any,  en 

the  appetite,  1'appetit  (m. ) 

the  apple,  la  pomme;  some  apples,  any 

apples,  des  pommes 
April,  Avril  (m. ) 
are,  sont,  somuies,  etes 
arrived,  arrive,  arrivee 
as,  que,  car,  aussi  ;a«  many,  as  much, 

autant 
Asia,  1'Asie  (£.) 


to  ask,  ask  for,  denmnder 

at,  k ;  at  the  time  when,  lorsque ;  at  the 
house  of,  chez;  at  the  baker's,  chez 
le  boulanger;  at  my  father's,  chez 
mon  pere;  to  or  at  my  house,  chez 
moi 

August  (month),  Aout  (m.) 

Hit'  aunt,  la  tante 

Australia,  1'Australie  (f.) 
B. 

bad,  mauvais,  mauvaise 

the  baker,  le  boulanger;  at  the  baker's, 
chez  le  boulanger 

the  banker,  le  banquier 

to  bark,  aboyer 

the  basket,  la  corbeille 

to  be,  etre,  se  porter;  to  be  amused, 
s'amuser;  to  be  called,  s'appeier;  to 
be  mistaken,  se  tromper ;  to  be  named, 
s'appeier;  to  be  rejoiced,  se  rejouir; 
to  be  well,  se  porter  bien 

to  beat,  battre 

beautiful,  beau,  bel,  belle 

because,  parce  que 

been,  ete 

the  beer,  la  biere 

before,  avant 

to  beg,  demander 

to  begin,  commencer 

(I)  believe,  (je)  crois 

belong,  sont  a;  belongs  to,  est  k 

the  benefit,  le  bien 

the  best,  le  meilleur,  la  meilleure;  the 
best  man  intown,  le  meilleur  homme 
de  la  ville 

better,  meilleur,  meilleure 


—    105    — 


between,  entre 

the  bird,  1'oiseau,  lea  oiseaux  (m.) 

ihe  birthday,  la  fete 

to  bite,  mordre 

black,  noir,  noire 

to  blame,  blamer 

the  body,  le  corps 

the  bonnet,  le  chapeau,  les  chapeaux 

the  book,  le  livre 

the  bookseller,  le  libraire 

the  boot,  la  botte 

ihe  bottle,  la  bouteille 

bought,  achete 

the  box,  la  boite,  le  cofire,  la  malle 

ihe  branch,  le  rameau,  les  rameaux 

the  bread,  le  pain;  some  bread,  any 

bread,  du  pain;  some,  any  'joodbread, 

de  bon  pain 

to  bring,  mener,  apporter 
io  bring  up,  clever 
the  brother,   le  frere  ;  to  my  brother's, 

chez  mon  frere 
Brussels,  Bruxellea 
io  build,  batir 

the  business,  le  commerce,  1'affaire  (f.) 
but,  mais 

the  butter,  le  beurre 
to  bty,  acheter 

C. 

io  call,  appeler  ;  is  called,  s'appelle 

the  cane,  la  canne 

to  carry,  porter;  to  carry  one's  self,  to  be, 

BO  porter 

the  castle,  le  chateau,  les  chateaux 
the  cat,  le  chat 
to  cede,  cecler 
to  celebrate,  celeTwer 
ihe  chair,  la  chaise 
to  change,  changer 
ihe  cheese,  le  fromage 
tin  cherry,  la  cerise 
the  child,  l'enfant(m.  &  £.);  some  child- 

ren,  any  children,  des  enfants 
the  chocolate,  le  chocolat 
to  choose,  choisir 


Christian,  Chretien 

the  church,  1'eglise  (f.) 

to  dean,  nettoyer 

clean,  propre 

the  doth,  le  drap;  some  good  doth,  de 

bon  drap;  some  blue  doth,  du  drap 

bleu 

coarse,  gros,  grosse 
the  coat,  1'habit  (m.) 
the  coffee,  le  cafe 
cold,  froid,  froide 
the  color,  la  cotdeur 
come,  venu,  venez 
to  come  down,  descendre 
to  complete,  achever 
the  concert,  le  concert 
contented,  content,  contents 
the  copy-book,  le  cahier 
to  correct,  corriger 
to  cost,  couter 
the  country,  la  campagne 
the  country-seat,  le  chateau,  les  chi- 

teaux 
the  cousin  (m.  &f.),  le  cousin,  la 

cousine 

the  cravat,  la  cravate 
created,  cree 
cried,  pleure 
a  crovm  (coin},  un  ecu 
cruel,  cruel,  cruelle 
to  cry,  pleurer 
the  cup,  la  tasse 


the  daughter,  la  fille 

the  day,  le  jour,  la  journee 

(the)  death,  la  mort 

to  deceive  one's  self,  se  tromper 

December,  Decembre  (m.) 

the  defect,  le  defaut 

to  defend,  defendre 

to  demand,  demander 

departed,  parti,  partie 

to  descend,  descendre 

to  desire,  desirer 

differently,  autrement 


—     10Q     — 


tifficuM,  difficile 
diligent,  applique",  appliqnfe 
to  dirty,  salir 
to  divide,  partager 
to  do  (his  duty),  remplir;  do,  faites 
the  dog,  le  chien 
the  dollar,  I'ecu  (m.) 
the  door,  la  porte 
the  dozen,  la  douzaine 
the  dress,  la  robe,  l'habit(m.) 
to  dress  one's  self,  sliabiller 
'drunk,  bu 
dry,  sec,  seche 
to  dry  up,  essuyer 
during,  pendant 
the  duty,  le  devoir 
to  duett,  demeurer 


E. 

each  year,  chaque  annee 

the  earth,  la  terra 

easy,  facile 

to  eat,  manger 

eaten,  mange 

to  educate,  clever 

educated,  eleve 

to  efface,  effacer 

eight,  huit 

eighteen,  dix-huit 

the  eighteenth,  le,  la  dix-huitieme 

the  eighth,  le,  la  huitieme 

the  eightieth,  le,  la  quatre-vingtieme 

eighty,  quatre-vingte 

eighty-one,  quatre-vingt-un       — 


the  eleventh,  le,  la  onzieme 

the  eU,  1'aune  (f.) 

Emily,  Emilie 

to  employ,  employer 

to  end,  achever 

English,  1'anglais 

the  engraving,  I'estampe  (£) 

enough,  assez 

th«  estate,  le  bien 

E>irope.  1'Earope  (f.) 


the  evening,  le  soir.  la  soiree;  all  the 

evening,  toute  la  soiree 
every  body,  tout  le  monde;  every  day, 

tons  les  jours;  every  thing,   tout- 

every  year,  chaque  annee 
the  evil,  le  mal,  les  maux 
to  exaggerate,  exagerer 
excellent,  excellent,  excellente 
the  exercise,  le  thems 

F. 

faithful,  fidele 

false,  faux,  fausse 

the  family,  la  famille 

the  fashion,   la  mode;  fashionable,  in 

the  fashion,  a  la  mode 
the  f  other t   le  pere;  at  my  father «, 

chez  mon  pere 
the  fault,  la  faute,  le  defaut 
the  feast,  la  fete 
Itibruary,  Fe\-rier  (m.) 
few,  pen; fewer,  moins 
fierce,  cruel,  cruelle 
fifteen,  quinze 
the  fifteenth,  le,  la  quinzieme 
the  fifth,  le,  la  cinquieme 
the  fiftieth,  le,  la  cinquantieme 
fifty,  cinquante 
tofiU,  remplir 
to  find,  trouver 
(he)  finds,  (il)  trouve 
fine,  beau,  bel,  belle;  fin,  fin* 
to  finish,  finir 
finished,  fini 
the  fire,  le  feu,  les  feux 
the  first,  le  premier,  la  premiere 
the  fish,  le  poisson 
five,  cinq 

the  flock,  le  troupeau,  les  troupeaux 
the  flour,  la  farine 

the  flower,  la  fleur;  some  or  any  beauti- 
ful flowers,  de  belles  flours 
the  flute,  la  flute 
for,  car,  pour,  pendant 
to  forbid,  dcfendre 
to  forget,  oublier 


—    107    — 


**fork,  la  fourchette 

formerly,  autrefoia 

the  fortieth,  le,  la  quarantieme 

a  fortnight,  quinze  jours 

fortunate,  heureux,  heureuse 

the  fortune,  la  fortune,  le  bleu 

forty,  quarante 

found,  trcnve 

four,  quatre 

fourteen,  quatorze 

the  fourteenth,  le,  la  quatorzieme 

the  fourth,  le,  la  quatrieme 

a  franc,  un  franc  (twenty  cents) 

Francis,  Francois 

French,  le  francais 

fresh,  frais,  fraiche 

Friday,  vendredi  (m.) 

the  friend  (m.  &f.),  1'ami,  1'amie 

the  friendship,  1'amitie  (f.) 

to  frighten,  effrayer 

the  fruit,   le  fruit;  some  good  fruit,  de 

bons  fruits;  some  ripe  fruit,des  fruits 

mw^ 

,  reiuplir 


the  game,  le  jeu,  les  jeux 

the  garden,  le  jardiu 

the  gardener  (m.  &f.),  le  jardinier,  la 

jardiniere 

the  garment,  1'habit  (m.) 
the  general,  le  general,  les  generaux 
gentle,  doux,  douce 
this  gentleman,  ce  monsieur 
gently,  doucement 
to  get  up,  se  lever 
the  girl,  la  fille 
to  give,  donner,  ceder 
to  give  back,  rendre 
give  (to)  me,  donnez-mo5 
given,  donne 
the  glass,  le  verre 

thf  glove,  le  gant  ^ 

go,  allez 

to  go  back,  retourner 
to  go  to  brf.  se  coucher 


the  goat,  la  chevre 

God,  Dieu 

Godfrey,  Godefroi 

gone,  alle,  allee 

gone  away,  parti,  partie 

gone  out,  sorti,  sortie 

good,  bon,  bonne;  sage;  the  good  will, 

les  bontes  (f.),  the  good,  that  which 

is  right,  le  bien 
the  gown,  la  robe 
the  grandmother,  la  grand'  mere 
great,  grand,  grande 
green,  vert,  verte 
to  grieve,  s'affliger 
to  guide,  mener 
the  guitar,  la  guitare 


had,  eu 

a  (singk)  hair,  un  cheveu;  the  hair, 

les  cbeveux 
half,  demi,  demie;  half  a  dozen,  demi- 

douzaine;  half  past  twelve,  midi  et 

demi 

the  /tarn,  le  jambon 
the  hand,  la  main 
to  happen,  arriver 
(the)  happiness,  le  bonheur 
happy,  heureux,  heureuse 
has,  a 
hast,  as 

the  hat,  le  chapeau,  les  chapeaux 
(Ijhave,  (j')»i;  (we)  have,  (nous)  avons; 

(you)  have,  (vous)  avez 
he,  il,  lui;  he  finds,  il  trouve;  he  likes, 

loves,  il  aime;  he  makes,  il  fait;  he 

sells,  il  vend 
the  head,  la  tete 
heavy,  lourd,  lourde 
Henry,  Henri 
her,   son,  sa,  ses  ;  her,  la,  ell«;  to  her, 

lui;  of  her,  en;  herself,  se 
here,  ici;  here  is,  here  are,  void 
hers,  le  sien,  la  sienne;  les  riens,  lea 

siennes 
hiyh,  haut,  hautf 


—     108     — 


him,  le,  lui;  to  him,  lui;  of  him,  en; 

himself,  se 
his,  son,  sa,  ses;  le  sien,  lasienne;  les 

siens,  les  siennes 
honest,  honnete 
to  hope,  esperer 

the  fiorse,  le  cheval,  les  chevaux 
the  hour,  1'heure  (f.) 
the  house,  la  maison 
how,  comment?  how  many ,  combien  ? 

how   much,    combien?     how  long, 

depuis  quand? 
a  hundred,  cent 
a  hundred  and  one,  cent  un 
the  hundred-weight;    le  quintal,    les 

quintaux     • 

the  hundredth,  le,  la  centieme 
to  hurry,  se  hater 
the  hyena,  1'hyene  (f.) 

I. 

/,  je,  moi;  J  am  right,  j'ai  raison;  I 
am  wrong,  j'ai  tort;  /  like,  I  love, 
j'aime;  I  speak,  je  parle;  I  think  of 
you,  je  pense  a  vous 

idle,  paresseux,  paresseuse 

if,  si;  if.  .not,  si.  .ne  (pas) 

if  you  please,  s'il  vous  plait 

ignorant,  ignorant,  ignorante 

ill,  malade 

immortal,  immortel,  immortelle 

in,  dans,  a,  en;  in  a  little  lime,  dans 
peu  de  temps 

industrious,  laborieux,  laborieuse 

</4«  ink,  1'eacrj  ^f.);  some  ink,  any  ink, 
d-i  1'eucre 

the  inkstand,  1'encrier  (m.) 

(the)  innocence,  1'innocence  (f.) 

insincere,  faux,  fausse 

intelligent,  intelligent,  intelligent* 

(the)  iron,  le  fer 

is,  est;  is  calM,  s'appelle 

it,  il,  elle,  le,  la;  to  it,  lui,  y;  of  it,  en; 
it  to  him,  le  lui;  it  to  me,  me  le;  it 
to  thee,  te  le;  it  to  them,  le  leur;  if  in 
us,  nous  le;  it  to  you,  vous  le;  it  is. 
c'eet 


its,  son,  sa,  ses;  le  sien,  la  sienne;  les 

siens,  les  siennes 
itself,  se 

J. 

January,  Janvier  (m. ) 
John,  Jean 

the  joiner,  le  menuisier 
July,  Juillet  (m.) 
June,  Juin  (m.) 
just  now,  tout  a  1'heure 

K. 

the  kindness,  les  bontes  (f.) 
the  king,  le  roi 

the  knife,  le  couteau,  les  couteaux 
known,  connu 

L. 
the  lady,  la  dame;  the  young  lady,  la 

demoiselle 
laid,  place,  mis 
the  land,  la  terre 

large,  gros,  grosse;  grand,  grande 
the  last,  le  dernier,  la  derniere 
late,  tard 
Latin,  le  latin 
(he  law,  la  loi 
to  lay,  placer 
to  lead,  mener 

(the)  leap-year.  1'annee  bissextile  (f.) 
learned,  instruit,  instruite 
learnt,  appris 
the  lemon,  le  citron 
/j  lend,  prefer 
Imt,  pretc 
less,  moins 
the  leiler,  la  kUre 
the  library,  la  bibliotheque 
(the)  life,  la  vie 
to  lift,  lever 
lifted,  leve 
to  like,  aimor,  trouver;  Hike,  j'aime; 

he  likes,  il  aime 
the  line,  la  ligne 
the  linen,  la  toile 
the  lion,  le  lion 
^  listen,  listen  to,  ecouter 


—    109    — 


Kttle,  peu;  in  a  little  time,  dans  peu  de 

temps 

to  live,  demeurer 
Uvely,  vif,  vive 
London,  Londres 

long,  long,  longue;  grand,  grande 
to  look  for,  chercher 
to  lose,  perdre 
lost,  perdu 
Louis,  Louis 
Louisa,  Louise 
(the)  love,  la  passion;  to  love,  aimer; 

I  love,  j'aime;  he  loves,  il  aime 
low,  bas,  basse 

M. 

made,  fait 

the  maid-servant,  la  servante 

make,   faites;    (they)  make,    font;  to 

make  haste,  se  hater 
(he)  makes,  (il)  fait 
the  man,  1'homme  (m.) 
many,  beaucoup;  too  many,  trop 
March,  Mars  (m.) 
Mary,  Marie 
the  master,  le  maitre 
Matilda,  Mathilde 
May,  Mai  (m.) 
me,  me,  moi;  to  me,  me 
the  meadow,  la  prairie 
the  meal,  la  farine 
the  meat,  la  viande;   some  meat,   any 

meat,  de  la  viande ;  some  or  any  bad 

meat,  de  mauvaise  viande 
to  meet  with,  trouver 
the  merchant,  le  negociant 
Mesdames,  mesdames 
Messrs.,  messieurs 
the  metal,  le  metal,  les  metaux 
midday,  midi  (m.) 
midnight,  minuit  (m. ) 
the  milk,  le  lait  [les  mienues 

mine,  le  mien,  la  mienne,   les  mieiis, 
the  minute,  la  minute 
(the)  misfortune,  le  malheur 
Miss,  mademoiselle;  Misses,   mesde- 

mois&lles 


the  mistake,  la  faute 

to  moderate,  moderer 

modest,  modeste 

the  moment,  le  moment 

Monday,  lundi  (m.) 

the  money,  1'argent  (m.) 

the  month,  le  mois 

the  moon,  la  lune 

more,  plus 

the  morning,  le  matin,  la  matinee,  ail 

the  morning,  toute  la  matinee 
mortal,  mortel,  mortelle 
the  mother,  la  mere 
the  mountain,  la  montagne 
Mr.,  monsieur 
Mrs.,  madam e 
much,  beaucoup;  too  much,  trop;  how 

much  f  combien  ? 
the  mustard,  la  moutarde 
my,  mon,  ma;  mes 

N. 

to  name,  appeler 
naughty,  mechant,  mechante 
neat,  propre 
the  neighbor  (m.  &  f.),    le  voisin,  la 

voisine 

never,  ne.  .jamais 
new,  neuf,   neuve;  nouveau,  nouvel, 

nouvelle;  frais,  fraiche 
the  night,  la  nuit 
nine,  neuf 
nineteen,  dix-neuf 
the  nineteenth,  le,  la  dix-neuvieme 
the  ninetieth,  le  quatre-vingt-dixieme 
ninety,  quatre-vingt-dix 
the  ninth,  le,  la  neuvieme 
no,  non ;  pas  de ;  ne . .  pas ;  ne . .  point ; 

?io  longer,  ne  plus ;  no  more,  ne  plus ; 

no  one,  personne.  .ne 
noon,  midi  (m. ) 
the  nosegay,  le  bouquet 
not,  ne  . .  pas;  not  at  all,  ne  .  .  point; 

not  ever,  ne  .  .  jamais  ;   not  more, 

ne  plus 
nothing,  rien  .  .  ne 


—     110    — 


November,  Novembre  (m.) 

now,  a  present;  just  now,  tout  a  1'heure 

tite  number,  le  nombre 

O. 

to  obey,  obtir 

October,  Octobre  (m.) 

of,  de;  of  it,  en 

often,  sou  vent 

the  oil,  1'huile  (f.) 

old,  \ieux,  vieil,  vieille 

On,  sur 

one,  un,  une;  on;  one  another,    se  ;  the 

one,  1'un,  1'une 
only,  seulement 
or,  ou 

the  other,  1'autre 
otherwise,  autrement 
our,  notre,  nos 
ours,  le,  la  notre ;  les  notres 

P. 

the  page,  la  page 
paid  (of  a  visit),  fait,  rendu 
the  pair,  la  paire 

the  paper,  le  papier  [ma  mere 

my  parents,  mes  parents;  mon  pere  et 
the  part,  la  partie;  the  greater  part,  la 

plupart 

(the)  patience,  la  patience 
to  pay,  pay  for,  payer 
the  pear,  la  poire 
the  pen,  la  plume 
the  pencu,  le  crayon 
the  penknife,  le  canif  [on 

the  people,  le  peuple;peop/e,  le  monde, 
the  pepper,  le  poivre 
Philadelphia,  Philadelphia 
the  physician,  le  medecin 
the  piece,  le  morceau,  les  morceaux,  la 

tranche 

the  place,  la  place 
to  place,  placer 
the  plant,  la  plante 
the  play,  le  jeu,  les  jeui 
to  play,  jouer 
pleasant,  agreable 


pleased,  content,  contents 

the  pleasure,  le  plaisir 

the  plum,  la  prune 

the  pocket-handkerchief,  le  mouchoir 

the  pond,  1'etang  (m.) 

poor,  pauvre 

to  possess,  posseder 

the  pound,  la  livre 

to  praise,  louer 

to  prefer,  preferer 

the  present,  le  cadeau,  les  cadeaui 

presently,  tout  a  1'heure 

pretty,  joli,  jolie 

the  price,  le  prix 

promised,  promis 

(thou)  promisest,  (tu)  promets 

to  pronounce^  prononcer 

proper,  propre 

(the)  property,  le  bien 

to  protect,  proteger 

to  punish,  punir 

put,  mis 

to  put,  placer 

Q. 

the  quality,  la  qualite 
the  quarter,  le  quart 
the  queen,  la  reine 
quickly,  vite,  promptement 
quite,  tout 

K. 

to  raise,  lever 

raised,  leve" 

rarely,  rarement 

read,  lu 

to  read,  lire. 

reasonable,  raisonnable 

received,  reqn. 

to  recommend,  conseiller 

red,  rouge 

to  refuse,  refuser 

to  rejoice,  se  rejouir 

the  relatives,  les  parent* 

remained,  reste 

<o  reply,  rtpoudre 


—   Ill   ~ 


to  rest,  se  reposer 

to  restore,  rendre 

to  return,  retourner 

ret'trntd,  ivvenu 

Ike  ribbon,  le  ruban 

rich,  riche 

right,  raison  ;    I  am  right,  j'ai  raison; 

that  which  is  right,  le  bien 
to  rinse,  rincer 
ripe,  mur,  mure 
to  rise,  se  lever 
the  road,  le  chemin 
the  room,  la  chambre,  la  salle 
the  rose,  la  rose 
to  rule,  regler 

S. 

sad,  triste 
the  salt,  le  sel 

the  same,  le,  la  meme,  les  m§mes 
Saturday,  samedi  (m.) 
say,  elites 

the  scholar,  1'ecolier  (m.) 
the  school,  1'ecole  (f.) 
the  second,  le  second,  la  seconde 
a  second,  une  seconde 
to  seek,  chercher 
seen,  vu 

seldom,  rarement 

to  sell,  vendre;  (he)  sells,  (il)  vend 
to  send,  envoyer 
sensible,  sense,  sensee 
sent,  envoye 

September,  Septembre  (m.) 
the  servant   (m.  &f.),  le  domestique, 

la  domestique 
set  out,  parti,  partie 
to  settle,  regler 
seven,  sept 
seventeen,  dix-sept 
the  seventeenth,  le,  la  dix-septieme 
the  seventh,  le,  la  septieme 
the  seventieth,  le,  la  soixante-dixieme 
seventy,  soixante  et  dix 
wenly-one,  soixante  et  onze 
t«venf-,'-two,  soixante-douze 


to  share,  partager 

she,  elle 

the  sheep,  la  brebis 

the  ship,  le  vaisseau,  les  vaisseaux 

the  shirt,  la  chemJse 

the  shoe,  le  soulier  ~~/ 

the  shoemaker,  le  cordonnier 

short,  court,  courte ;  petit,  petite 

to  show,  montrer 

sick,  malade 

the  silk,  lasoie 

the  silver,  1'argent  (m. ) 

since,  depuis  ;  since  when  ?  depuis 
quand? 

to  sing,  chanter 

the  sister,  la  soeur 

six,  six 

sixteen,  seize 

the  sixteenth,  le,  la  seizieme 

the  sixth,  le,  la  sixieme 

the  sixtieth,  le,  la  soixantieme 

sixty,  soixante 

the  slate,  1'ardoise  (f.) 

slept,  donni 

the  slice,  la  tranche 

slowly,  doucement 

smaU,  petit,  petite 

so,  si;  so  many,  tant;  so  much,  tant 

the  soap,  le  savon 

softly,  doucement 

to  soil,  salir 

sold,  vendu 

the  soldier,  le  soldat 

some,  en;  some  to  him,  to  her,  to  it,  lui 
en;  some  tome,  m'en;  some  to  ihee, 
t'en;  some  to  them,  leur  en;  some  to 
us,  nous  en ;  some  to  you,  vous  en 

something  has  happened,  il  est  arrive 
quelque  chose 

the  son,  le  fils 

the  song,  la  chanson 

soon,  bientot 

sought,  cherche* 

the  soul,  1'aine  (f.) 

the  soup,  la  soupe 

the  :pai-row,le  moineau,  les  moineaux 


112     — 


to  speak,  parler;  I  speak,  je  parle 

to  spend,  employer 

the  spoon,  la  cuiller,  cuillere 

started,  parti,  partie 

stayed  behind,  reste,  restee 

still,  encore 

the  slocking,  le  bas 

the  stone,  la  pierre 

to  strike  out,  effacer 

strong,  fort,  forte 

the  study.  1'etude  (f.) 

the  success,  le  succes 

the  sugar,  le  sucre 

the  sun,  le  soleil 

Sunday,  dimanche  (m.) 

sweet,  doux,  douce 

T. 

the  table,  la  table 

the  tailor,  le  tailleur 

to  take  a  walk,  se  promener 

taken,  pris 

to  talk,  parler 

tall,  grand,  grande 

the  tea,  le  the 

the  tear,  la  larme 

tell,  dites 

the  temper,  rhumeur(f.) 

ten,  dix 

the  tenth,  le,  la  dixieme 

than,  que 

that,  those,    ce,    cet,    cette,    ces;  celui, 

celle,  ceux,  celles,   celui-la,  celle-la; 

ceux-la,  celles-la;  cela;  that  which,  ce 

qui;  that  is,  c'est 

that,  qui,  que  —  that  (conj.),  que 
Me,  le,  la,  les 
the  theater,  le  theatre 
thee,  toi,  te 
their,  leur,  leurs 
theirs,  le  leur,  la  leur,  les  leurs 
them,  eux,  eJles,  lee  ;  to  them,  leur,  y; 

of  them,  en ;  them  to  him,  les  lui ;  them 

to  me,  me  les;  them  to  thee,  te  les; 

them  to  you,  vous  les;   them  to  them, 

les  lenr;  them  to  us,  les  nous 


themselves,  se 

ttere,  la,  y;  Mere  is,  Mere  are,  il  y  a; 

there  was,  there  were,  il  y  avait 
these  are,  ce  sont 

they,  ils,  eux,  elles  ;  they  are,  ce  sont 
the  thimble,  le  de 
Mine,   le  tien,  la  tienne,  les  tiens,  les 

tiennes 
to  think,  penser;   I  think  of  you,  je 

pense  a  vous 
the  third,  le,  la  troisieme 
thirteen,  treize 

the  thirteenth,  le,  la  treizieme 
the  thirtieth,  le,  la  trentieme 
thirty,  trente 
thirty-one,  trente  et  un 
thirty-two,  trente-deux 
this,  these,   ce,   cet,  cette,  ces  ;  celui, 

celle,  ceux,  celles;  celui-ci,  celle-ci, 

ceux-ci,  celles-ci;  ceci 


thou,  toi,  tu 

thousand,  mille 

the  thousandth,  le,  la  millieme 

three,  trois 

to  throw,  throw  away,  jeter 

Thursday,  jeudi  (m.) 

thy,  ton,  ta;  tes 

the  tiger,  le  tigre 

the  time,    le   temps;  the  time   (of  the 

day),   1'heure  ;    at  the  time  when, 

lorsque 
tired,  las,  lasse 

t<\    k,  envers ;  to  my  brother's,  ch%a 

mon  frere;  to  or  at  my  house,  chez 

moi 

to-day,  aujourd'hui 
to-morrow,  demaiii 
together,  ensemble 
too  many,  loo  much,  trop 
the  tooth,  la  dent 
towards,  envers 
the  towel,  I'essuie-main  (m.) 
the  town,  la  ville 
(the)  trade,  le  commerce 
the  tradesman,  le  marchand 


—     113    — 


treacherous,  faux,  fausse 

the  tree,  1'arbre  (m.) 

the  trunk,  la  malle,  le  coffre 

to  try,  essayer 

Tuesday,  mardi  (m.) 

the  twelfth,  le,  la  douzieme 

twelve,  douze 

the  twentieth,  le,  la  vingtieme 

twenty,  vingt 

the  twenty-first,  le,  la  vingt-et-unieme 

twenty-one,  vingt-et-un 

twenty-two,  vingt-deux 

two,  deux 

u. 

the  uncle,  1'oucle  (m.) 
unfortunate,  malheureux,  malheureuse 
ungrateful,  ingrat,  ingrate 
unhappy,  malheureux,  malheureuse 

^unless,  si ne 

unthankful,  ingrat,  ingrate 

upon,  sur 

its,  to  us,  nous 

useful,  utile 

usually,  ordinairement 

V. 

the  vegetables,  les  legumes  (m.) 

very,  tres 

Vienna,  Vienne 

the  vinegar,  le  vinaigre 

the  violin,  le  violon 

virtuous,  vertueux,  vertueuse 

the  visit,  la  visite 

w. 

to  wait,  attendre 

to  walk,  se  promener 

warm,  chaud,  chaude 

the  watchf,  la  montre 

the  water,  1'eau,  les  eaux  (f.) 

watered,  arrose 

the  way,  le  chemin 

we,  nous 

to  wear,  porter 

the  weather,  le  temps 

Wednesday,  mercredi  (m.) 

the  week,  la  semaine 


to  weep,  pleurer 

well,  bien 

wept,  pleure  [quelles? 

what  ?    que  ?     quel,    quelle ;     quels, 

when,  quand,  lorsque 

where  ?  ou? 

which,  qui,  que  ;   quel,   quelle,  quels, 

quelles  ;  ce  qui,  ce  que 
white,  blanc,  blanche 
who  ?   qui  ?   of  whom,   de  qui  ?  frcm 

whom,  de  qui?  to  whom,  a  qui?  for 

whom,  pour  qui  ?  who,  qui 
whole,  tout,  (oute 
why  ?   pourquoi  ? 
William,  Guillaume 
willingly,  volontiers 
the  wine,  le  vin 
to  wipe,  essuyer 
wise,  sage 
to  wish,    desirer,    souhaiter,  to  wish 

for,  desirer 
wished,  voulu 
with,  avec;  with  him,  with  her,  with  it, 

with  them,  en 
within,  j 

the  woman,  la  femme 
the  word,  le  mot  [travaux 

the  work,   1'affiiire  (f.),   le  travail,  les 
to  work,  travailler 
the  world,  le  monde 
written,  ecrit 
wrong,  tort;  lam  wrong,  j'ai  tort 

Y. 

the  year,    1'an  (m. ),  1'annee  (f. ),  eoc* 

year,  chaque  annee 
yes,  oui 
yesterday,  hi«r 
yet,  encore 
to  yield,  ceder 
you,  to  you,  vous 
young,  jeune  ;  the  young  lady,  la  de. 

moiselle 
your,  votre,  vos 

yours,  le  votre,  la  votre,  les  votres 
youth,  la  jeunesse 


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